Search results for " Dynamics"

showing 10 items of 4108 documents

On strong solutions of the differential equations modeling the steady flow of certain incompressible generalized Newtonian fluids

2007

In this paper we discuss a system of partial differential equations describing the steady flow of an incompressible fluid and prove the existence of a strong solution under suitable assumptions on the data. In the 2D-case this solution turns out to be of class C^{1,\alpha}.

Algebra and Number TheoryPartial differential equationDifferential equationApplied MathematicsMathematical analysis510Physics::Fluid DynamicsStrong solutionsGeneralized Newtonian fluidFlow (mathematics)CompressibilityNewtonian fluidAnalysisMathematicsSt. Petersburg Mathematical Journal
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The Dynamical Problem for a Non Self-adjoint Hamiltonian

2012

After a compact overview of the standard mathematical presentations of the formalism of quantum mechanics using the language of C*- algebras and/or the language of Hilbert spaces we turn attention to the possible use of the language of Krein spaces.I n the context of the so-called three-Hilbert-space scenario involving the so-called PT-symmetric or quasi- Hermitian quantum models a few recent results are reviewed from this point of view, with particular focus on the quantum dynamics in the Schrodinger and Heisenberg representations.

AlgebraQuantum probabilityTheoretical physicsQuantization (physics)symbols.namesakeQuantum dynamicsQuantum operationsymbolsMethod of quantum characteristicsSupersymmetric quantum mechanicsQuantum statistical mechanicsSchrödinger's catMathematics
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Static and Dynamic Properties of a n-C100H202 Melt from Molecular Dynamics Simulations

1997

We present in this work results from atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of a n-C100H202 melt. This work represents a first effort to simulate a fully equilibrated ensemble of chains of suffic...

Alkanechemistry.chemical_classificationSelf-diffusionWork (thermodynamics)Polymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryThermodynamicsPolyethyleneInorganic ChemistryMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundMolten statechemistryMaterials ChemistryRadius of gyrationPhysical chemistryMacromolecules
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Aminoquinolines: Fluorescent sensors to DNA – A minor groove probe. Experimental and in silico studies

2023

An aminoquinoline (AQ4) was developed and proven to be a new and efficient DNA minor groove fluorescent probe. The specificity for DNA minor groove was attested by comparing it with well-established DNA probes such as Hoechst stain, acridine orange, and ethidium bromide. AQ4 was similar to the Hoechst stain, a classic minor groove probe, and opposite to acridine orange and ethidium bromide, the typical intercalating probes. An advantage of AQ4 to the Hoechst stain was the higher fluorescent signal-to-noise ratio (+DNA/-DNA). The interaction with DNA leads to an exclusive fluorescent band centered at 590 nm. The red-shifted fluorescent band is associated with a new absorption band (490 nm), …

AminoquinolinesMinor GrooveDNAMolecular DynamicsSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaFluorescence
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Micelles of the chiral biocompatible surfactant (1R,2S)-dodecyl(2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-phenylethyl)dimethylammonium bromide (DMEB): molecular dynamics …

2017

Rationale The study of self-assembly process of surfactant molecules in gas phase is of actually interest for several theoretical and technological reasons related to their possible exploitation as drug carriers, protein shields and cleaning agents in gas phase. Methods Stability and fragmentation patterns of singly and multiply charged (either positively or negatively) aggregates of the surfactant (1R,2S)-dodecyl(2-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-phenylethyl) dimethyl ammonium bromide (DMEB) in gas phase have been studied by ion mobility mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of positively and negatively singly and multiply charged DMEB aggregates have been …

Ammonium bromideChemistryHydrogen bond010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistry010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesMicelle0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsMonomerFragmentation (mass spectrometry)BromideMoleculeSpectroscopyRapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
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The Boson Peak of Amyloid Fibrils: Probing the Softness of Protein Aggregates by Inelastic Neutron Scattering

2014

Proteins and polypeptides are characterized by low-frequency vibrations in the terahertz regime responsible for the so-called "boson peak". The shape and position of this peak are related to the mechanical properties of peptide chains. Amyloid fibrils are ordered macromolecular assemblies, spontaneously formed in nature, characterized by unique biological and nanomechanical properties. In this work, we investigate the effects of the amyloid state and its polymorphism on the boson peak. We used inelastic neutron scattering to probe low-frequency vibrations of the glucagon polypeptide in the native state and in two different amyloid morphologies in both dry and hydrated sample states. The dat…

AmyloidPhysics::Biological PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesChemistryProtein dynamicsNeutron diffractionNeutron scatteringProtein aggregationFibrilVibrationAmyloid Protein dynamics collective motions boson peakInelastic neutron scatteringSurfaces Coatings and FilmsNeutron DiffractionMicroscopy Electron TransmissionChemical physicsMolecular vibrationSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredMaterials ChemistryNative statePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physics
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Polysorbate 80 controls Morphology, structure and stability of human insulin Amyloid-Like spherulites

2022

AbstractAmyloid protein aggregates are not only associated with neurodegenerative diseases and may also occur as unwanted by-products in protein-based therapeutics. Surfactants are often employed to stabilize protein formulations and reduce the risk of aggregation. However, surfactants alter protein-protein interactions and may thus modulate the physicochemical characteristics of any aggregates formed. Human insulin aggregation was induced at low pH in the presence of varying concentrations of the surfactant polysorbate 80. Various spectroscopic and imaging methods were used to study the aggregation kinetics, as well as structure and morphology of the formed aggregates. Molecular dynamics s…

Amyloid-like Spherulites Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Aggregate Stability Polysorbate 80 Protein FormulationsAmyloidMorphology (linguistics)AmyloidChemistryInsulinmedicine.medical_treatmentIntermolecular forcePolysorbatesPolyvinyl alcoholSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialsSurface-Active Agentschemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsColloid and Surface ChemistryPulmonary surfactantCritical micelle concentrationmedicineBiophysicsHumansInsulinMicelles
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Computer simulations for bioequivalence trials: Selection of analyte in BCS class II and IV drugs with first-pass metabolism, two metabolic pathways …

2018

A semi-physiological two compartment pharmacokinetic model with two active metabolites (primary (PM) and secondary metabolites (SM)) with saturable and non-saturable pre-systemic efflux transporter, intestinal and hepatic metabolism has been developed. The aim of this work is to explore in several scenarios which analyte (parent drug or any of the metabolites) is the most sensitive to changes in drug product performance (i.e. differences in in vivo dissolution) and to make recommendations based on the simulations outcome. A total of 128 scenarios (2 Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) drug types, 2 levels of KM Pgp, in 4 metabolic scenarios at 2 dose levels in 4 quality levels of t…

AnalyteCmaxPharmaceutical ScienceAdministration Oral02 engineering and technologyEquivalence Trials as TopicPharmacologyBioequivalence030226 pharmacology & pharmacyModels Biological03 medical and health sciencesFirst pass effect0302 clinical medicinePharmacokineticsHumansComputer SimulationPharmacokineticsIntestinal MucosaBiotransformationChemistryMembrane Transport Proteins021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBiopharmaceutics Classification SystemNONMEMNonlinear DynamicsPharmaceutical PreparationsSolubilityTherapeutic EquivalencyResearch DesignArea Under CurveLinear Models0210 nano-technologyMonte Carlo MethodDrug metabolismEuropean journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Quantum state engineering using one-dimensional discrete-time quantum walks

2017

Quantum state preparation in high-dimensional systems is an essential requirement for many quantum-technology applications. The engineering of an arbitrary quantum state is, however, typically strongly dependent on the experimental platform chosen for implementation, and a general framework is still missing. Here we show that coined quantum walks on a line, which represent a framework general enough to encompass a variety of different platforms, can be used for quantum state engineering of arbitrary superpositions of the walker's sites. We achieve this goal by identifying a set of conditions that fully characterize the reachable states in the space comprising walker and coin, and providing …

Angular momentumComputer scienceQuantum dynamicsQuantum technologiesFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum simulator02 engineering and technologyTopologySpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasSet (abstract data type)Open quantum systemQuantum statequantum informationQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesExperimental platformquantum walksQuantum walk010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantum networkQuantum PhysicsHigh-dimensional systemsQuantum state preparationbusiness.industryOrbital angular momentumQuantum-state engineeringArbitrary superpositionOne-way quantum computer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsArbitrary quantum stateQuantum technologyDiscrete time and continuous timeLine (geometry)PhotonicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)0210 nano-technologybusiness
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A second strain gradient elasticity theory with second velocity gradient inertia – Part II: Dynamic behavior

2013

Abstract This paper is the sequel of a companion Part I paper devoted to the constitutive equations and to the quasi-static behavior of a second strain gradient material model with second velocity gradient inertia. In the present Part II paper, a multi-cell homogenization procedure (developed in the Part I paper) is applied to a nonhomogeneous body modelled as a simple material cell system, in conjunction with the principle of virtual work (PVW) for inertial actions (i.e. momenta and inertia forces), which at the macro-scale level takes on the typical format as for a second velocity gradient inertia material model. The latter (macro-scale) PVW is used to determine the equilibrium equations …

Angular momentummedia_common.quotation_subjectRotary inertiaPolhodeContinuum thermodynamicsInertiaMoment of inertia factorsymbols.namesakeMaterials Science(all)Modelling and SimulationGeneral Materials ScienceEuler's equationsmedia_commonMathematicsWave propagationApplied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisMoment of inertiaCondensed Matter PhysicsRigid body dynamicsDynamicsGradient elasticityClassical mechanicsHigher order inertiaMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationsymbolsInternational Journal of Solids and Structures
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