Search results for " E.P.E."

showing 10 items of 5612 documents

Extensive nuclear gyration and pervasive non-genic transcription during primordial germ cell development in zebrafish.

2020

ABSTRACT Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the precursors of germ cells, which migrate to the genital ridge during early development. Relatively little is known about PGCs after their migration. We studied this post-migratory stage using microscopy and sequencing techniques, and found that many PGC-specific genes, including genes known to induce PGC fate in the mouse, are only activated several days after migration. At this same time point, PGC nuclei become extremely gyrated, displaying general broad opening of chromatin and high levels of intergenic transcription. This is accompanied by changes in nuage morphology, expression of large loci (PGC-expressed non-coding RNA loci, PERLs) that ar…

endocrine systemRNA UntranslatedTranscription GeneticZygotePiwi-interacting RNApiRNABiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGyrationTranscription (biology)Primordial germ cellmedicineAnimalsRNA Small InterferingMolecular BiologyZebrafishGeneZebrafish030304 developmental biologyCell NucleusNuage0303 health sciencesGonadal ridgeurogenital systemNuclear morphologyGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesZygotic activationZebrafish Proteinsbiology.organism_classificationChromatinCell biologyUp-Regulationmedicine.anatomical_structureGerm CellsGenetic Loci207FertilizationMutationIntergenic transcriptionDNA Transposable ElementsDNA Intergenic030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGerm cellBiogenesisDevelopmental BiologyResearch ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)
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Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of perakine reductase, a new member of the aldo-keto reductase enzyme superf…

2006

Perakine reductase (PR) is a novel member of the aldo-keto reductase enzyme superfamily from higher plants. PR from the plant Rauvolfia serpentina is involved in the biosynthesis of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids by performing NADPH-dependent reduction of perakine, yielding raucaffrinoline. However, PR can also reduce cinnamic aldehyde and some of its derivatives. After heterologous expression of a triple mutant of PR in Escherichia coli, crystals of the purified and methylated enzyme were obtained by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion technique at 293 K with 100 mM sodium citrate pH 5.6 and 27% PEG 4000 as precipitant. Crystals belong to space group C222(1) and diffract to 2.0 A, with unit-…

endocrine systemStereochemistryAldo-Keto ReductasesBiophysicsAlcohol oxidoreductaseReductaseCrystallography X-Raymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryRauwolfiachemistry.chemical_compoundBiosynthesisAldehyde ReductaseStructural BiologyRauvolfia serpentinaGeneticsmedicineEscherichia colichemistry.chemical_classificationAldo-keto reductasebiologyCondensed Matter Physicsbiology.organism_classificationAlcohol OxidoreductasesEnzymeBiochemistrychemistryCrystallization CommunicationsHeterologous expressionCrystallizationActa Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications
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External Versus Internal Metabolic Activation of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Mutagenicity Tests: A Comparison Using Heterologous Expression Syst…

1996

Abstract Benzo[a]pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol was virtually non-mutagenic to Chinese hamster V79p cells, but was strongly mutagenic to a V79-derived cell line expressing cytochrome P450 1A1, when the cells were exposed separately. In mixed cultures of these two cell types, it showed about 50 % of the mutagenic activity in V79p cells, compared to that observed in the enzyme-proficient cell line, indicating an efficient intercellular transfer of the active metabolite. The benzylic alcohols 1-hydroxymethylpyrene and 6-hydroxymethylbenzo[a]-pyrene were weakly mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA1538 in the absence of a metabolic activation system, but were potent mutagens to a TA1538-derived …

endocrine systemSulfotransferasePolymers and PlasticsbiologyChemistryfungiOrganic Chemistryfood and beveragesCytochrome P450biology.organism_classificationChinese hamsterchemistry.chemical_compoundCytosolBiochemistryCell cultureMaterials Chemistrybiology.proteinPyreneHeterologous expressionHydroxysteroidPolycyclic Aromatic Compounds
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EZH2 mutations are frequent and represent an early event in follicular lymphoma

2013

Gain of function mutations in the H3K27 methyltransferase EZH2 represent a promising therapeutic target in germinal center lymphomas. In this study, we assessed the frequency and distribution of EZH2 mutations in a large cohort of patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) (n = 366) and performed a longitudinal analysis of mutation during the disease progression from FL to transformed FL (tFL) (n = 33). Mutations were detected at 3 recurrent mutation hot spots (Y646, A682, and A692) in 27% of FL cases with variant allele frequencies (VAF) ranging from 2% to 61%. By comparing VAF of EZH2 with other mutation targets (CREBBP, MLL2, TNFRSF14, and MEF2B), we were able to distinguish patients harbori…

endocrine systemTime FactorsMethyltransferasemedicine.medical_treatmentDNA Mutational AnalysisImmunologyFollicular lymphomaKaplan-Meier Estimatemacromolecular substancesBiologymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryTargeted therapyCohort StudiesGene Frequencyhemic and lymphatic diseasesBiomarkers TumormedicineHumansEnhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 ProteinLymphoma FollicularAllele frequencyMutationLymphoid NeoplasiaMEF2 Transcription FactorsGene Expression ProfilingEZH2Polycomb Repressive Complex 2Germinal centerCell BiologyHematologymedicine.diseaseCREB-Binding ProteinLymphomaMutationDisease ProgressionCancer researchReceptors Tumor Necrosis Factor Member 14Blood
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Nuclear receptor NR5A2 and bone: gene expression and association with bone mineral density

2011

El pdf del artículo es el manuscrito de autor (PMCID: PMC3682472).-- et al.

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyBone densityEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismReceptors Cytoplasmic and NuclearElectrophoretic Mobility Shift AssaySingle-nucleotide polymorphismIn Vitro TechniquesArticleBone and BonesCell LineBone remodelingEndocrinologyOsteoprotegerinBone DensityInternal medicineBone cellmedicineHumansPromoter Regions GeneticAgedAged 80 and overRegulation of gene expressionBone mineralOsteoblastsBonesbiologyGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedGene regulationPostmenopauseEndocrinologyOsteocalcinbiology.proteinFemaleGene expression
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Expression and regulation of mPer1 in immortalized GnRH neurons.

2003

Hypothalamic GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) neurons play a critical role in the initiation and maintenance of reproduction competence. Using the mouse GnRH neuronal cell line, GT1-7, we have characterized the expression of the gene mPer1, a recognized key element of the mammalian circadian clockwork. Both mPer1 transcripts and the 136 kDa mPER1 gene product could be detected in these cells. Immunocytochemical analysis also confirmed expression of mPER1 both in vitro and in vivo in GnRH neurons. Activation of cyclic AMP signalling pathways in vitro elevated GnRH secretion as well as mPer1 expression and nuclear mPER1 immunoreactivity. As mPER1 is known to feedback on transcriptional a…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyCellImmunoblottingCell Cycle ProteinsBiologyGene productGonadotropin-Releasing HormoneMiceInternal medicineGene expressionmedicineAnimalsGeneCells CulturedRegulation of gene expressionNeuronsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGeneral NeuroscienceColforsinNuclear ProteinsPeriod Circadian ProteinsImmunohistochemistryPreoptic AreaIn vitromedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyNeuroprotective AgentsGene Expression RegulationCell cultureHypothalamushormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsVasoactive Intestinal PeptideNeuroreport
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GLP-2 receptor expression in excitatory and inhibitory enteric neurons and its role in mouse duodenum contractility

2011

Background  Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2), a nutrient-responsive hormone, exerts various actions in the gastrointestinal tract that are mediated by a G-protein coupled receptor called GLP-2R. A little information is available on GLP-2R expression in enteric neurons and nothing on the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). Methods  We investigated presence and distribution of the GLP-2R in the mouse duodenum by immunohistochemistry and the potential motor effects of GLP-2 on the spontaneous and neurally evoked mechanical activity. Key Results  The GLP-2R was expressed by the myenteric and submucosal neurons. Labelling was also present in nerve varicosities within the circular muscular layer an…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsPhysiologyReceptor expressiondigestive oral and skin physiologyVasoactive intestinal peptideGastroenterologyBiologyInhibitory postsynaptic potentialInterstitial cell of Cajalsymbols.namesakeExcitatory synapseEndocrinologyInternal medicinemedicineExcitatory postsynaptic potentialsymbolsCholinergichormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsMyenteric plexusNeurogastroenterology & Motility
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Expression of neurotrophins, GDNF, and their receptors in rat thyroid tissue

1999

Levels of mRNA for neurotrophins (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF; neurotrophin 3, NT-3; neurotrophin 4, NT-4) and their receptors (trkA, trkB, trkC) and for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its receptors (ret, GDNFR-alpha) were measured in rat thyroid tissue by ribonuclease protection assays. In thyroid tissue the NT-3 mRNA level was threefold lower and the NT-4 mRNA level sixfold higher than those detected in adult rat hippocampus, while BDNF mRNA was undetectable. Very low levels of mRNA for truncated trkB and trkC receptors and no catalytic trkA, trkB or trkC were found. In conclusion NT-3 and NT-4, but not the corresponding functional receptors, are expres…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ReceptorsHistologyendocrine system diseasesThyroid GlandGene ExpressionNerve Tissue ProteinsReceptors Nerve Growth FactorNeurotrophin-3Tropomyosin receptor kinase AFollicular cellPathology and Forensic MedicineNeurotrophin 3Proto-Oncogene ProteinsInternal medicinemedicineGlial cell line-derived neurotrophic factorAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsHumansLow-affinity nerve growth factor receptorReceptor trkCGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorNerve Growth FactorsRNA MessengerReceptor trkAReceptor Ciliary Neurotrophic FactorbiologyBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorProto-Oncogene Proteins c-retReceptor Protein-Tyrosine KinasesCell BiologyRatsCell biologyEndocrinologynervous systemProto-Oncogene Proteins c-retbiology.proteinGDNF family of ligandsNeurotrophinCell and Tissue Research
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Transgenic overexpression of corticotropin releasing hormone provides partial protection against neurodegeneration in an in vivo model of acute excit…

2008

Abstract Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) is the central modulator of the mammalian hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. In addition, CRH affects other processes in the brain including learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity. Moreover, CRH has been shown to play a role in nerve cell survival under apoptotic conditions and to serve as an endogenous neuroprotectant in vitro . Employing mice overexpressing murine CRH in the CNS, we observed a differential response of CRH-overexpressing mice (CRH-COE hom -Nes) to acute excitotoxic stress induced by kainate compared with controls (CRH-COE con -Nes). Interestingly, CRH-overexpression reduced the duration of epileptic seizures and pre…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyIndolesRNA UntranslatedCorticotropin-Releasing HormoneExcitotoxicityMice TransgenicNerve Tissue ProteinsBiologymedicine.disease_causeNeuroprotectionHippocampusNestinCorticotropin-releasing hormoneMiceIntermediate Filament ProteinsNeurotrophic factorsNeurofilament ProteinsSeizuresInternal medicineGlial Fibrillary Acidic Proteinpolycyclic compoundsmedicineExcitatory Amino Acid AgonistsReaction TimeAnimalsNeuroinflammationBrain-derived neurotrophic factorAnalysis of VarianceKainic AcidCell DeathGeneral NeuroscienceBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorNeurodegenerationProteinsLong-term potentiationmedicine.diseaseDisease Models AnimalEndocrinologynervous systemGene Expression RegulationNerve DegenerationNeurotoxicity SyndromesPlant Lectinshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsNeuroscience
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Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase gene expression in retina and pineal gland of rats under various photoperiods

2004

Abstract The present study examines how the circadian oscillators in the retina and the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) respond to changes in photoperiod. ArylalkylamineN-acetyltransferase (aa-nat) gene expression studied by quantitative RT-PCR revealed that in adult Sprague–Dawley rats kept under different light–dark (LD) cycles for two weeks the temporal pattern of AA-NAT mRNA expression was identical in retina and pineal gland. In both tissues, the time span between the onset of darkness and the nocturnal rise in AA-NAT mRNA expression was 3 h under LD 20:4, 6 h under LD 12:12, and 15 h under LD 4:20. As aa-nat expression in the pineal gland is regulated by the circadian oscillator in SCN,…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyLightArylamine N-AcetyltransferasePhotoperiodCircadian clockBiophysicsGene ExpressionBiologyPineal GlandBiochemistryRetinaRats Sprague-DawleyPineal glandInternal medicineGene expressionmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerCircadian rhythmMolecular BiologyphotoperiodismSuprachiasmatic nucleusCell BiologyDarknessCircadian RhythmRatsEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureDarknessArylalkylaminesense organsBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
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