Search results for " END"
showing 10 items of 4885 documents
Amígdalo-hipocampectomía selectiva guiada por endoscopia: estudio anatómico en cadáver, vías seguras de abordaje y comparación con las técnicas tradi…
2021
La amigdalo-hipocampectomía selectiva es una técnica quirúrgica descrita en 1973, utilizada en el tratamiento de la epilepsia temporomesial refractaria y que presenta, en casos seleccionados, resultados comparables con la lobectomía temporal anterior en términos de disminución del número de crisis, ofreciendo una tasa menor de secuelas funcionales y una mejor calidad de vida. A pesar de los grandes avances en la utilización del endoscopio en neurocirugía, en el campo de la cirugía de la epilepsia la endoscopia ha sido poco utilizada, limitándose su aplicación fundamentalmente a cirugía de desconexión con finalidad paliativa. Hipotesis de trabajo El presente estudio se propone definir los cr…
Impacto de las técnicas de reconstrucción multicapa vascularizadas en la cirugía endoscópica endonasal de base de cráneo
2015
Los abordajes endonasales endoscópicos expandidos (AEEE) son un conjunto de técnicas quirúrgicas, completamente endoscópicas, mediante las cuales se abordan lesiones de la base craneal a través del corredor anatómico que supone la cavidad nasal y senos paranasales. Las técnicas reconstructivas inicialmente utilizadas en el cierre de defectos generados tras AEEE, estuvieron basadas en la experiencia previa acumulada con las reparaciones endoscópicas de fístulas de LCR. Múltiples estudios han validado que las pequeñas fístulas de LCR pueden ser reconstruidas con una amplia variedad de injertos libres como hemos visto en apartados anteriores, alcanzado del cierre con éxito en el 95% de los pac…
Decreasing muscle performance associated with increasing disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
2018
Objectives Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation has a detrimental effect on muscle strength. Our objective was to analyse the association between muscle performance and different disease activity levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Method A total of 199 consecutive outpatients were subject to cross-sectional assessment. Measurements of grip strength, endurance of the upper and lower limbs and trunk strength were combined as a muscle performance composite score (MPCS), using a standardised method. The disease activity for 28 joints (DAS28), radiographs of small joints (Larsen score), rheumatoid factor, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities and anti-rheumatic drugs wer…
Betatrophin Levels Are Related to the Early Histological Findings in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
2021
Betatrophin, a liver hormone, regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. We investigated the betatrophin levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and searched for any relationship with histological severity and metabolic parameters. Fifty males with NAFLD [Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) (n = 32)
Anthropometric Indicators as a Tool for Diagnosis of Obesity and Other Health Risk Factors: A Literature Review
2021
[EN] Obesity is characterized by the accumulation of an excessive amount of fat mass (FM) in the adipose tissue, subcutaneous, or inside certain organs. The risk does not lie so much in the amount of fat accumulated as in its distribution. Abdominal obesity (central or visceral) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer, having an important role in the so-called metabolic syndrome. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent, detect, and appropriately treat obesity. The diagnosis is based on anthropometric indices that have been associated with adiposity and its distribution. Indices themselves, or a combination of some of them, conform to a big picture with di…
The Sick Adipose Tissue: New Insights Into Defective Signaling and Crosstalk With the Myocardium
2021
Adipose tissue (AT) biology is linked to cardiovascular health since obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and positively correlated with excessive visceral fat accumulation. AT signaling to myocardial cells through soluble factors known as adipokines, cardiokines, branched-chain amino acids and small molecules like microRNAs, undoubtedly influence myocardial cells and AT function via the endocrine-paracrine mechanisms of action. Unfortunately, abnormal total and visceral adiposity can alter this harmonious signaling network, resulting in tissue hypoxia and monocyte/macrophage adipose infiltration occurring alongside expanded intra-abdominal and epicardial fat depots seen …
Diet to Reduce the Metabolic Syndrome Associated with Menopause. The Logic for Olive Oil
2020
The rates of metabolic syndrome are increasing in parallel with the increasing prevalence of obesity, primarily due to its concomitant insulin resistance. This is particularly concerning for women, as the years around menopause are accompanied by an increase in visceral obesity, a strong determinant of insulin resistance. A fall in estrogens and increase in the androgen/estrogen ratio is attributed a determining role in this process, which has been confirmed in other physiological models, such as polycystic ovary syndrome. A healthy lifestyle, with special emphasis on nutrition, has been recommended as a first-line strategy in consensuses and guidelines. A consistent body of evidence has ac…
Innovations in Infant Feeding: Future Challenges and Opportunities in Obesity and Cardiometabolic Disease
2020
The field of nutrition in early life, as an effective tool to prevent and treat chronic diseases, has attracted a large amount of interest over recent years. The vital roles of food products and nutrients on the body’s molecular mechanisms have been demonstrated. The knowledge of the mechanisms and the possibility of controlling them via what we eat has opened up the field of precision nutrition, which aims to set dietary strategies in order to improve health with the greatest effectiveness. However, this objective is achieved only if the genetic profile of individuals and their living conditions are also considered. The relevance of this topic is strengthened considering the importance of …
Study of the mechanisms of oxidative stress, mitochondrial function and endoplasmic reticulum stress in obesity. Role in subclinical atherosclerosis …
2019
El aumento alarmante de la prevalencia de obesidad a nivel mundial y la enorme carga de enfermedad asociada ha generado una creciente demanda de estrategias para frenar la epidemia y / o mitigar los efectos dañinos de la obesidad sobre la salud. Para ello se requiere un compromiso firme y sinérgico por parte de todas las fuerzas sociales, no sólo para desarrollar estrategias preventivas, sino también para contribuir al conocimiento de los eventos patológicos y los mecanismos involucrados en el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. Por ello, el objetivo principal de la presente tesis doctoral es profundizar en los mecanismos subyacentes de la obesidad, especialmente en aquellos relacionados con el …
Melatonin Concentrations and Sleep Quality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
2019
Abstract There is a close relationship between melatonin as a circadian regulator and insulin, glucagon and somatostatin production. This study aimed to describe subgroups of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients that may benefit from melatonin clock-targeting properties. The study involved 38 participants: 26 T2DM patients, and 12 participants without diabetes in the control group. Subjects were asked to complete the questionnaire of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Standard biochemical venous sample testing was performed, and a sample of saliva was collected for melatonin testing. Melatonin concentration in participants without obesity (body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2) was si…