Search results for " EPIDEMIOLOGY"
showing 10 items of 704 documents
Reducing the burden of Herpes Zoster in Italy.
2015
Herpes Zoster (HZ) is a viral disease with painful neuro-dermatologic manifestations. Incidence increases with age. In Italy, the estimated incidence is 6.3 cases/1000 person/year; hospital admissions are less than 2%, 69% in patients aged over 65 years. The most frequent complication of HZ is Post-Herpetic Neuralgia (PHN) characterized by metameric pain, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. In Italy 20.6% and 9.2% of HZ patients experience PHN after 3 and 6 months, respectively. Available antiviral and analgesic treatments are relatively unsatisfactory in reducing pain and length of the disease. Prevention has recently become possible with the live attenuated vaccine Oka/Merck. Clinical studies sh…
Prevalence of stroke: A door-to-door survey in three Sicilian municipalities
1996
As part of a door-to-door survey, we screened for stroke among the inhabitants of three Sicilian municipalities (n = 24,496 as of November 1, 1987). Neurologists then investigated those subjects suspected to have had a stroke. Diagnoses of first-ever strokes were based on specified criteria and were reviewed by an adjudication panel. We found 189 subjects who had experienced at least one completed stroke (180 definite, 9 possible); 15 strokes were hemorrhagic, 71 ischemic, and 103 uncertain. The prevalence (cases/100,000) was 771.6 in the total population and 1,893.6 in those aged 40 years or over. The prevalence increased steeply with age, was higher in men between 60 and 79 years, but was…
The Phys-Can observational study: adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with a reduction whereas physical activity level before start of treatment is a…
2020
AbstractBackgroundAdjuvant therapy may cause multiple sideeffects on long term health, including reduced cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in patients with breast cancer (1, 2). However, there is currently limited knowledge regarding the effect of different types of adjuvant cancer treatment on CRF in other cancer populations. The primary objective of the present study was to assess whether previously known correlates (age, diagnosis, initial CRF, physical activity level), type of adjuvant treatment and cancer-related fatigue were associated with changes in$$ \dot{V}{O}_2\mathit{\max} $$V̇O2maxin patients with breast, prostate or colorectal cancer.MethodsProspective study with two time points…
Longitudinal Asthma Patterns in Italian Adult General Population Samples: Host and Environmental Risk Factors.
2020
Background: Asthma patterns are not well established in epidemiological studies. Aim: To assess asthma patterns and risk factors in an adult general population sample. Methods: In total, 452 individuals reporting asthma symptoms/diagnosis in previous surveys participated in the AGAVE survey (2011–2014). Latent transition analysis (LTA) was performed to detect baseline and 12-month follow-up asthma phenotypes and longitudinal patterns. Risk factors associated with longitudinal patterns were assessed through multinomial logistic regression. Results: LTA detected four longitudinal patterns: persistent asthma diagnosis with symptoms, 27.2%
Estudios de epidemiología molecular en población inmigrante en España
2014
Fundamentos: La epidemiología molecular es una nueva disciplina que permite la integración de la información sobre la variabilidad genética de patógenos infecciosos con su difusión en la población y subgrupos de la misma incluyendo, por ejemplo, las mutaciones de resistencia a antibióticos y antivirales. El objetivo es conocer qué posibles diferencias existe en las características genéticas de los agentes infecciosos que afectan a las poblaciones inmigrante y autóctoctona en España. Métodos: Se revisaron artículos originales publicados entre 1998-2013, con las palabras clave "epidemiología molecular", "tipado molecular", "secuenciación", "inmigrante", "España". Resultados: De un total de 26…
Exploration into Uric and Cardiovascular Disease: Uric Acid Right for heArt Health (URRAH) Project, A Study Protocol for a Retrospective Observationa…
2018
The relevance of cardiovascular role played by levels of serum uric acid is dramatically growing, especially as cardiovascular risk factor potentially able to exert either a direct deleterious impact or a synergic effect with other cardiovascular risk factors. At the present time, it still remains undefined the threshold level of serum uric acid able to contribute to the cardiovascular risk. Indeed, the available epidemiological case studies are not homogeneous, and some preliminary data suggest that the so-called "cardiovascular threshold limit" may substantially differ from that identified as a cut-off able to trigger the acute gout attack. In such scenario, there is the necessity to clar…
Human values and retirement experiences: A longitudinal analysis of Norwegian data.
2021
Motivational factors, such as one’s value system, may affect how people cope with the opportunities and challenges of retirement. This article explores the moderating roles of Schwartz’s four basic values (self-enhancement, self-transcendence, openness to change, and conservation) on the magnitude and duration of retirement effects on life satisfaction between two waves (2007 and 2017) of the Norwegian Life course, Ageing and Generation (NorLAG) study. Fixed-effect regression analyses are run separately for men and women to account for gender differences in the attachments and identities tied to work and non-work domains. Retirement is not a uniform experience, and findings show that retire…
ICUD-EAU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012: Non–Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder
2012
Item does not contain fulltext CONTEXT: Our aim was to present a summary of the Second International Consultation on Bladder Cancer recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment options for non-muscle-invasive urothelial cancer of the bladder (NMIBC) using an evidence-based approach. OBJECTIVE: To critically review the recent data on the management of NMIBC to arrive at a general consensus. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A detailed Medline analysis was performed for original articles addressing the treatment of NMIBC with regard to diagnosis, surgery, intravesical chemotherapy, and follow-up. Proceedings from the last 5 yr of major conferences were also searched. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The major findi…
Reliability of wastewater analysis for monitoring COVID-19 incidence revealed by a long-term follow-up study
2021
Background Wastewater-based epidemiology has been used for monitoring human activities and waterborne pathogens. Although wastewaters can also be used for tracking SARS-CoV-2 at the population level, the reliability of this approach remains to be established, especially for early warning of outbreaks. Methods We collected 377 samples from different treatment plants processing wastewaters of >1 million inhabitants in Valencia, Spain, between April 2020 and March 2021. Samples were cleaned, concentrated, and subjected to RT-qPCR to determine SARS-CoV-2 concentrations. These data were compared with cumulative disease notification rates over 7 and 14 day periods. Results We amplified SARS-CoV-2…
Alveolar echinococcosis: characteristics of a possible emergence and new perspectives in epidemiosurveillance
2001
International audience; The aim of this review is to discuss the situation of alveolar echinococcosis in France, in the light of the current knowledge on its transmission patterns in the world, especially Europe. An important risk of higher contamination of the rural environment may be suspected from newly reported cases of infected foxes or voles in several countries where the disease was not found before. Furthermore, the increase of prevalence rate in foxes in Bade-Würtemberg (Germany) and Franche-Comté (France), traditionally endemic, is also in support of this new trend. Urban foxes and the spreading of infected foxes to cities may also be the cause of the extension to urban and suburb…