Search results for " Embolism"
showing 10 items of 311 documents
Involvement of Jugular Valve Insufficiency in Cerebral Venous Air Embolism
2007
Background. Cerebral venous air entrapment is a rare finding on cranial computed tomography (CT) scan. Peripheral air embolism is discussed as a potential cause. However, the mechanism of retrograde passage through internal jugular valves and veins is unclear. Case Report. The case of a patient is reported, who had air entrapment in the left cavernous sinus. Prior to CT scanning, a peripheral intravenous line had been placed. Ultrasound revealed excessive insufficiency of the left internal jugular valve. To further study the mechanism of embolism, an echo contrast agent was injected into the cubital vein. A Valsalva maneuver resulted in retrograde transition of microbubbles across the insuf…
Helical computed tomographyangiography: Technical considerations and clinical applications
1997
Abstract A combination of volume acquisition techniques (helical CT), dedicated protocolsfor bolus injections of contrast medium, and postprocessing modalities have paved the way for computed tomography (CT) angiography. To obtain optimum results the collimation must be adapted to the vascular territory of interest, and the reconstruction of overlapping source images from the volume data set is advantageous for further postprocessing. Strong intravascular opacification is indispensable for the evaluation of vascular abnormalities and pathology and is also helpful for image postprocessing, where different modalities can be applied: multiplanar reconstruction, maximum intensity projection, se…
Deep Vein Thrombosis
2015
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) comprises deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). DVT occurs at an incidence of 1/1,000 and risk factors include immobilization, hospitalization, surgery, thrombophilia and positive family history, cancer, pregnancy, and other hormonal effects. Commonly, clinical signs and symptoms for DVT are unreliable, especially in hospitalized patients, but the clinical assessment of the pretest probability, for example, with the Wells score, is an important component in the diagnostic algorithm, where compression ultrasound also plays a central role. Treatment of DVT aims to acutely prevent PE and short-term and long-term VTE recurrence and to avoid the lon…
Short- and long-term outcomes for the surgical treatment of acute pulmonary embolism
2018
AbstractObjectivesAcute pulmonary embolism can be a life-threatening condition with a high mortality. The treatment choice is a matter of debate. The early and late outcomes of patients treated with surgical pulmonary embolectomy for acute pulmonary embolism in a single center were analyzed.MethodsAll consecutive patients operated on for pulmonary embolism between January 2002 and March 2017 were reviewed. Patient demographics and pre- and postoperative clinical data were retrieved from our patient registry, and risk factors for in-hospital and long-term mortality were identified.ResultsIn total, 175 patients (mean age 59±3 years, 50% male) were operated on for acute pulmonary embolism. In-…
Revascularisation of a Giant Coronary Artery Aneurysm in Suspected Incomplete Kawasaki-Disease
2006
Kawasaki disease leads to typical vascular complications in up to 20 % of untreated cases. We describe a 47-year-old patient with coronary vessel disease, involving the right coronary artery with a huge aneurysmatic dilatation, suspicious for an incomplete form of Kawasaki disease. We found little information about the surgical treatment and postoperative course of this disease in adults. Typically, these infrequent patients present with acute myocardial infarction and require interdisciplinary decision-making.
Expression of PIP1 and PIP2 aquaporins is enhanced in olive dwarf genotypes and is related to root and leaf hydraulic conductance
2007
The expression of OePIP1.1 and OePIP2.1 aquaporins in root, stem and leaf was higher in Olea europaea L. (olive) plants carrying a dwarfing (D) clone as rootstock, than in plants carrying a vigorous (M) clone as rootstock. The highest difference of expression between plants with D and M rootstocks was detected in the root and for the PIP2 gene, the transcripts of which show a high water channel activity in oocytes. Compared with plants with M rootstock, plants with D rootstock showed reduced root and canopy biomass and reduced hydraulic conductance of the bulk root system (Kroot). Hydraulic conductance of D roots was higher than that of M roots when Kroot was scaled by root DW, in agreemen…
Centre procedural volume and adverse in‐hospital outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous transvenous edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair usingMitra…
2021
AIMS The number of transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) procedures has increased substantially during the last years. A better understanding of the relationship between hospital volume of transcatheter transvenous mitral valve repairs using MitraClip® and patient outcomes may provide information for future policy decisions to improve patient management. METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed patient characteristics and in-hospital outcomes for all TMVr procedures using MitraClip® performed in Germany from 2011 to 2017. Hospitals were stratified according to centre volumes and patients were compared for baseline characteristics and adverse in-hospital events. Overall, 24 709 inpatients were tre…
Neuroinflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: Focus on cardioembolic stroke, background, and therapeutic approaches
2020
One of the most important causes of neurological morbidity and mortality in the world is ischemic stroke. It can be a result of multiple events such as embolism with a cardiac origin, occlusion of small vessels in the brain, and atherosclerosis affecting the cerebral circulation. Increasing evidence shows the intricate function played by the immune system in the pathophysiological variations that take place after cerebral ischemic injury. Following the ischemic cerebral harm, we can observe consequent neuroinflammation that causes additional damage provoking the death of the cells; on the other hand, it also plays a beneficial role in stimulating remedial action. Immune mediators are the or…
Alterations of regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen saturation in a rat sinus-vein thrombosis model.
1996
Background and Purpose The pathophysiology of sinus-vein thrombosis (SVT) in patients and experimental animals is still poorly understood. This study was designed to examine and further elucidate the pathophysiological sequence of events, especially the relationship between local and regional blood flow and hemoglobin oxygen saturation (HbSO 2 ) detected at identical locations. The use of both parameters as outcome indicators should be compared. Methods SVT was induced by ligation of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) and slow injection of kaolin-cephalin suspension into the SSS in rats. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was assessed by laser-Doppler flowmetry together with regional HbSO …
Isolated non-compaction of the myocardium as a cause of coronary and cerebral embolic events in the same patient.
2009
A 44-year-old woman with a history of smoking and previous cerebral thrombo-embolism presented to the emergency department with prolonged chest pain and ECG changes showing an acute anterior myocardial infarction. She was referred to the cath-lab for primary angioplasty. Coronary angiography showed a thrombotic occlusion at the origin of first diagonal …