Search results for " Emission"
showing 10 items of 1496 documents
Structural Remodeling of the Post‐pneumonectomy Lung is Characterized by Septal Retraction and Alveolar Duct Dilation
2015
Murine pneumonectomy (PNX) is an established model of adult compensatory lung growth, involving structural remodeling of the peripheral parenchyma. Following left PNX, positron emission tomography and computerized tomography have demonstrated heterogeneous growth patterns within the remaining right lung. To characterize the structural changes associated with these observations, we analyzed histological sections of the right lung between 3 and 22 days after PNX. Within 3 days of PNX, alveolar septae were significantly shorter (p<0.05) in a majority of alveolar ducts, while septal angle remained unchanged. Septal retraction resulted in an apparent dilation of the alveolar duct with a signific…
Greenhouse gas from moving bed based integrated fixed film activated sludge membrane bioreactors
2016
The present paper reports the results of a nitrous oxide production investigation in a moving bed based integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) membrane bioreactor (MBR) pilot plant designed in accordance with the UCT layout for biological phosphorous removal. Samples of gas and liquid were collected in order to measure the gaseous, as well as the dissolved concentration of N2O. Furthermore, the gas flow rate from each reactor was measured and the gas flux was estimated. The results confirmed that the anoxic reactor represents the main source of nitrous oxide production. A significant production of N2O was, however, also found in the anaerobic reactor, thus indicating a probable occur…
Greenhouse gas emissions from membrane bioreactors: analysis of a two-year survey on MBRs
2017
The study aims at evaluating the nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment. With this regards two-years of experimental activities were performed. More specifically, the study investigates the N2O emissions considering multiple influential factors: i. configurations (i.e., sequential batch- SB-MBR; pre-denitrification - DN-MBR; University Cape Town, UCT-MBR and UCT moving bed biofilm reactor, UCT-MB-MBR); ii. wastewater composition (municipal or industrial); iii. Plant operational conditions (i.e., sludge retention time, SRT, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, C/N, hydraulic retention time, HRT); iv. and membrane modules. Among the overall analysed config…
Inverted energy gap law for the nonradiative decay in fluorescent floppy molecules: larger fluorescence quantum yields for smaller energy gaps
2019
A data survey on experimental fluorescence quantum yields of (multi)substituted dicyano-distyrylbenzenes in fluid solution evidences that non-radiative decay increases with the Franck-Condon energy (E-FC), being opposite to the conventional energy gap law. Quantum-chemistry indicates that this is controlled by access to the conical intersection (CI) following the Bell-Evans-Polanyi principle as a first-step approximation for this family of molecules; the variations in E-FC among the different compounds are found to be decisive, while those of E-CI are estimated to be weaker or even enhancing the effect. The current findings may have significant consequences for the design of molecules for o…
Feasible glass‐melting process assisted by microwaves
2019
[EN] The advantages of microwave (MW) energy processing have been verified in the sintering of a ceramic frit at a pre-industrial scale. The challenge of achieving high temperature using MW energy at such dimensions was overcome and a mix of natural raw materials was heated until its fluxing point. Changes in dielectric properties of the raw materials mix were also measured in situ with the increase in temperature, being in accordance to thermal processes of a conventional heating process. The properties of the resulting ceramic frit were compared with the same frit obtained by the conventional sintering method. Both frits showed similar thermal behavior regarding DTA-TGA, heating microscop…
Evolution of the Global Distribution of Carbon Dioxide: A Finite Mixture Analysis
2015
Economists and environmental policymakers have recently begun advocating a bottom-up approach to climate change mitigation, focusing on reduction targets for groups of nations, rather than large scale global policies. We advance this discussion by taking a quantitative perspective, focusing on econometric identification of groups of countries that have statistically similar distributions of carbon emissions using a broad range of finite mixture models. Nearly all of our results yield a consistent pattern: after 1980, there are two distinct emissions distributions, and that these distributions continue to evolve over time. We provide a rigorous analysis of these distributional differences al…
Total and linearly polarized synchrotron emission from overpressured magnetized relativistic jets
2018
We present relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) simulations of stationary overpressured magnetized relativistic jets, which are characterized by their dominant type of energy: internal, kinetic, or magnetic. Each model is threaded by a helical magnetic field with a pitch angle of 45° and features a series of recollimation shocks produced by the initial pressure mismatch, whose strength and number varies as a function of the dominant type of energy. We perform a study of the polarization signatures from these models by integrating the radiative transfer equations for synchrotron radiation using as inputs the RMHD solutions. These simulations show a top-down emission asymmetry produced by …
Functional Plasticity after Unilateral Vestibular Midbrain Infarction in Human Positron Emission Tomography.
2016
The aim of the study was to uncover mechanisms of central compensation of vestibular function at brainstem, cerebellar, and cortical levels in patients with acute unilateral midbrain infarctions presenting with an acute vestibular tone imbalance. Eight out of 17 patients with unilateral midbrain infarctions were selected on the basis of signs of a vestibular tone imbalance, e.g., graviceptive (tilts of perceived verticality) and oculomotor dysfunction (skew deviation, ocular torsion) in F18-fluordeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET at two time points: A) in the acute stage, and B) after recovery 6 months later. Lesion-behavior mapping analyses with MRI verified the exact structural lesion sites. Group su…
Functional Activation of Osteoclast Commitment in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: A Possible Role for RANK/RANKL Pathway
2017
AbstractSkeletal erosion has been found to represent an independent prognostic indicator in patients with advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Whether this phenomenon also occurs in early CLL phases and its underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we prospectively enrolled 36 consecutive treatment-naïve patients to analyse skeletal structure and bone marrow distribution using a computational approach to PET/CT images. This evaluation was combined with the analysis of RANK/RANKL loop activation in the leukemic clone, given recent reports on its role in CLL progression. Bone erosion was particularly evident in long bone shafts, progressively inc…
18F-Florbetaben PET/CT to Assess Alzheimer's Disease: A new Analysis Method for Regional Amyloid Quantification.
2019
Background and purpose While AD can be definitively confirmed by postmortem histopathologic examination, in vivo imaging may improve the clinician's ability to identify AD at the earliest stage. The aim of the study was to test the performance of amyloid PET using new processing imaging algorithm for more precise diagnosis of AD. Methods Amyloid PET results using a new processing imaging algorithm (MRI-Less and AAL Atlas) were correlated with clinical, cognitive status, CSF analysis, and other imaging. The regional SUVR using the white matter of cerebellum as reference region and scores from clinical and cognitive tests were used to create ROC curves. Leave-one-out cross-validation was carr…