Search results for " Entomologia"
showing 10 items of 590 documents
IMPOVERISHMENT OF SICILIAN (ITALY) HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL ASSETS BY AN ALIEN INSECT SPECIES: THE CASE OF THE RED PALM WEEVIL.
2012
Alien invasive species (IAS) have a disastrous impact on the biodiversity, cultural heritage and economy of a geographic area. The case of the Red Palm Weevil (RPW), an IAS that attacks the non-native palm species Phoenix canariensis, but also native species Chaemerops humilis, especially in urban and peri-urban areas, is reported. These palm trees have played an important role in Sicilian history and cultural heritage since the period of the Arab invasion. The accidental introduction of the RPW has remarkably changed the Sicilian panorama. In this study the chronology and the severity of the effects of RPW on palms so far detected, is reported. In only 7 years the RPW has drastically chang…
Volatile constituents of Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill.
2012
In difesa della biodiversità.
2008
I Nematodi nei diversi ecosistemi
2014
In questo ottavo capitolo si descrivono le diverse comunità di nematodi nei differenti ecosistemi e come il loro studio possa indicare lo stato di conservazione e qualità dell'ecosistema stesso. Si riportano anche differenti esempi del loro impiego quali bioindicatori
Biologia, Ecologia e dinamica dei nematodi.
2014
In questo settimo capitolo si fornisco in modo didattico ed esaustivo i maggiori elementi per la comprensione della biologia e dell'ecologia dei nematodi
Bacillus thuringiensis treatment alters larval growth, hemocytes and modulation of Hsp70 in Rhynchophorus ferrugineus
2011
To study the pathogen-host relationship, we used the model of the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, a quarantine pest that attacks the palm trees. In particular, we focused on the Bt stress-induced infections. We studied the effect of Bt on larval growth, on hemocytes and on the expression of the heat shock proteins (Hsp70). HSPs are rapidly synthesized in the cells after a stress exposition including pathogens. The Hsp70 was evaluated in the supernatant of the hemocyte lysate (HLS) obtained from larvae fed with Bt. This is the first time that the presence of Hsp70 has been recorded in R. ferrugineus. Bt has negative effects on larval grow…
In vivo modulation of Hsp70 in Rhynchophorus ferrugineus hemocytes after Bacillus thuringiensis treatment
2010
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are rapidly synthesized within stressed cells after exposure to an environmental stressor. A variety of environmental stresses, including heat, cold, trace-metal exposure, xenobiotics have been reported to modulate Hsps expression in various organisms. Hsps are grouped into several families based on their protein size. Most organisms have several genes encoding members of this Hsp family. In particularly Hsp70 can be induced quickly under stressful conditions, but return to a normal expression level under non-stressful conditions. Few studies have been done to detect the Hsp70 expression in phytophagous insects towards pathogens. Since a preliminary research discl…
Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis as vegetative form on hemocytes of Rhynchophorous ferrugineus (Coleoptera Curculionidae) larvae
2010
The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a pathogen of many insect species and is actively used in biocontrol. The vegetative form as been reported to be involved in insect septicemia process. Bt during the vegetative stage of growth, is known to secern a new family of insecticidal proteins. Moreover recently evidence has been provided, that B. thuringiensis can establish itself in replicative and vegetative form on the leaf surface. Little is known on the interaction of pathogens with the defense responses of phytophagous insects. Insect circulating hemocytes are primarily responsible for the immune defense against parasites and pathogens. We use as model Rhynchophorous ferrugineus Oli…
Preliminary results on antimicrobial activity of Rhynchophorous ferrugineus hemolymph
2011
Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), known as the Red Palm Weevil (RPW) and accidentally introduced in the Mediterranean areas, is considered a quarantine pest for tree palms especially in the urban environment. In order to understand the relationship among potential pathogens and RPW several studies were carried out on RPW immune system. Here we report the results of a preliminary study undertaken to investigate the effect of naturally occurring antimicrobial activities present both in the cell free hemolymph and in hemocytes lysate supernatant of RPW. The hemolymph was extracted from the older larvae sampled from infested palm trees. The protein fractions were extracted …
Le simbiosi in ambiente marino
2011
L’adattamento e la conseguente selezione naturale ha prodotto un’infinita varietà di organismi viventi, ciascuno dotato di peculiari caratteristiche, per consentire ad ogni specie di utilizzare l’ambiente in cui vive. I membri che formano le comunità naturali creano tra di essi dei complessi sistemi fatti di rapporti di competizione e di cooperazione. Questi, contribuiscono ad assicurare l’evoluzione delle specie nell’efficace opera di utilizzazione dell’ambiente. Nell’ambito delle relazioni tra individui di specie diverse esistono alcune singolari associazioni che si evolvono insieme, stabilendo un legame intimo e duraturo che comporta un elevato grado di specializzazione da parte dei cont…