Search results for " Entropy"

showing 10 items of 236 documents

P 042 - Gait complexity quantified using inertial measurement units in children with cerebral palsy

2018

Abstract Children with cerebral palsy (CP) have gait impairments, and their gait is affected by concurrent tasks. We used inertial measurement units (IMU) to quantify CP-related gait complexity alterations, and identify effects of dual tasks on gait variability from 12 children with CP and 23 typically developed (TD) controls. The data were collected for normal and dual-tasks (motor; carrying a tray, cognitive; word naming) during walking. Step duration and adjusted multiscale entropy (MSE) index were computed. In overall, children with CP had shorter step duration and greater gait complexity than TD. Gait complexity was higher in vertical direction during the cognitive than normal and moto…

CP-oireyhtymämedicine.medical_specialtyKinematicsGait kinematicstasapainoBiophysicslapset (ikäryhmät)WalkingKinematicsCerebral palsyMultiscale entropy03 medical and health sciencesUnits of measurement0302 clinical medicineGait (human)Physical medicine and rehabilitationchildrenInertial measurement unitMedicineOrthopedics and Sports Medicine030212 general & internal medicineta315ta217cerebral palsy (CP)business.industryCP-vammaisetRehabilitationGait variabilitykehonhallintaCognitionmedicine.diseaseDual-taskCerebral palsybusinessStabilityhuman activities030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGait & Posture
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On Approximation of Entropy Solutions for One System of Nonlinear Hyperbolic Conservation Laws with Impulse Source Terms

2010

We study one class of nonlinear fluid dynamic models with impulse source terms. The model consists of a system of two hyperbolic conservation laws: a nonlinear conservation law for the goods density and a linear evolution equation for the processing rate. We consider the case when influx-rates in the second equation take the form of impulse functions. Using the vanishing viscosity method and the so-called principle of fictitious controls, we show that entropy solutions to the original Cauchy problem can be approximated by optimal solutions of special optimization problems.

Cauchy problemConservation lawOptimization problemEntropy solutionsArticle SubjectVanishing viscosity methodMathematical analysisNonlinear fluid dynamicmodelsNonlinear conservation lawlcsh:QA75.5-76.95Computer Science ApplicationsNonlinear systemlcsh:TA1-2040Modeling and SimulationEvolution equationNonlinear fluid dynamicmodels; Vanishing viscosity method; Principle of fictitious controls; Entropy solutionsPrinciple of fictitious controlslcsh:Electronic computers. Computer scienceElectrical and Electronic Engineeringlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Hyperbolic partial differential equationEntropy (arrow of time)MathematicsJournal of Control Science and Engineering
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Neural networks with non-uniform embedding and explicit validation phase to assess Granger causality

2015

A challenging problem when studying a dynamical system is to find the interdependencies among its individual components. Several algorithms have been proposed to detect directed dynamical influences between time series. Two of the most used approaches are a model-free one (transfer entropy) and a model-based one (Granger causality). Several pitfalls are related to the presence or absence of assumptions in modeling the relevant features of the data. We tried to overcome those pitfalls using a neural network approach in which a model is built without any a priori assumptions. In this sense this method can be seen as a bridge between model-free and model-based approaches. The experiments perfo…

Cognitive NeuroscienceEntropyFOS: Physical sciencesOverfittingcomputer.software_genreMachine learningGranger causalityArtificial IntelligenceMedicine and Health SciencesEntropy (information theory)Non-uniform embeddingComputer SimulationMathematicsArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryProbability and statisticsModels TheoreticalNeural Networks (Computer)ClassificationNeural networkAlgorithmCausalityPhysics - Data Analysis Statistics and ProbabilitySettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaGranger causalityEmbeddingA priori and a posterioriTransfer entropyNeural Networks ComputerArtificial intelligenceData miningbusinesscomputerAlgorithmsNeural networksData Analysis Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
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Explicit Upper Bound for Entropy Numbers

2004

We give an explicit upper bound for the entropy numbers of the embedding I : W r,p(Ql) → C(Ql) where Ql = (−l, l)m ⊂ Rm, r ∈ N, p ∈ (1,∞) and rp > m.

CombinatoricsApplied MathematicsMaximum entropy probability distributionEmbeddingEntropy (information theory)Min entropyUpper and lower boundsAnalysisEntropy rateQuantum relative entropyJoint quantum entropyMathematicsZeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen
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Entropy, transverse entropy and partitions of unity

1994

AbstractThe topological entropy of a transformation is expressed in terms of partitions of unity. The transverse entropy of a flow tangential to a foliation is defined and expresed in a similar way. The geometric entropy of a foliation of a Riemannian manifold is compared with the transverse entropy of its geodesic flow.

CombinatoricsTransverse planeEntropy (classical thermodynamics)Applied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsConfiguration entropyMaximum entropy probability distributionMathematics::Differential GeometryStatistical physicsJoint quantum entropyMathematicsErgodic Theory and Dynamical Systems
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Table Compression

2016

Data Compression Techniques for massive tables are described. Related methodological results are also presented.

Compression and transmission of tableSettore INF/01 - InformaticaBig Data ManagementStorageCompressive estimates of entropyData Compression. Algorithms. Data structuresCompression of multidimensional data
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Multi-modality of polysomnography signals’ fusion for automatic sleep scoring

2019

Abstract Objective The study aims to develop an automatic sleep scoring method by fusing different polysomnography (PSG) signals and further to investigate PSG signals’ contribution to the scoring result. Methods Eight combinations of four modalities of PSG signals, namely electroencephalogram (EEG), electrooculogram (EOG), electromyogram (EMG), and electrocardiogram (ECG) were considered to find the optimal fusion of PSG signals. A total of 232 features, covering statistical characters, frequency characters, time-frequency characters, fractal characters, entropy characters and nonlinear characters, were derived from these PSG signals. To select the optimal features for each signal fusion, …

Computer science0206 medical engineeringHealth InformaticsFeature selection02 engineering and technologyPolysomnographyElectroencephalographyta3112Approximate entropy03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinepolysomnographymedicineEntropy (information theory)aivotutkimusta217ta113Sleep Stagesmedicine.diagnostic_testsignaalinkäsittelybusiness.industryPattern recognitionautomatic sleep scoringMutual informationuni (biologiset ilmiöt)020601 biomedical engineeringmulti-modality analysisRandom forestSignal ProcessingArtificial intelligencebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiomedical Signal Processing and Control
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Are nonlinear model-free conditional entropy approaches for the assessment of cardiac control complexity superior to the linear model-based one?

2016

Objective : We test the hypothesis that the linear model-based (MB) approach for the estimation of conditional entropy (CE) can be utilized to assess the complexity of the cardiac control in healthy individuals. Methods : An MB estimate of CE was tested in an experimental protocol (i.e., the graded head-up tilt) known to produce a gradual decrease of cardiac control complexity as a result of the progressive vagal withdrawal and concomitant sympathetic activation. The MB approach was compared with traditionally exploited nonlinear model-free (MF) techniques such as corrected approximate entropy, sample entropy, corrected CE, two k -nearest-neighbor CE procedures and permutation CE. Electroca…

Computer scienceEntropyBiomedical EngineeringSensitivity and Specificity01 natural sciencesApproximate entropy03 medical and health sciencesEntropy (classical thermodynamics)0302 clinical medicineHeart RateHeart Rate Determination0103 physical sciencesStatisticsHumansEntropy (information theory)Autonomic nervous systemComputer SimulationEntropy (energy dispersal)010306 general physicsEntropy (arrow of time)Heart rate variabilityFeedback PhysiologicalConditional entropyEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)Head-up tiltModels CardiovascularLinear modelCardiovascular regulationReproducibility of ResultsHeartStatistical modelMutual informationSample entropyMutual informationNonlinear DynamicsConcomitantSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaLinear ModelsAlgorithmRandom variableAlgorithms030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEntropy (order and disorder)
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Characterization of entropy measures against data loss: Application to EEG records

2012

This study is aimed at characterizing three signal entropy measures, Approximate Entropy (ApEn), Sample Entropy (SampEn) and Multiscale Entropy (MSE) over real EEG signals when a number of samples are randomly lost due to, for example, wireless data transmission. The experimental EEG database comprises two main signal groups: control EEGs and epileptic EEGs. Results show that both SampEn and ApEn enable a clear distinction between control and epileptic signals, but SampEn shows a more robust performance over a wide range of sample loss ratios. MSE exhibits a poor behavior for ratios over a 40% of sample loss. The EEG non-stationary and random trends are kept even when a great number of samp…

Computer scienceEntropyInformation Storage and RetrievalData lossElectroencephalographySensitivity and SpecificityApproximate entropyMultiscale entropyEntropy (classical thermodynamics)SeizuresStatisticsmedicineHumansEntropy (information theory)Entropy (energy dispersal)Entropy (arrow of time)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)Reproducibility of ResultsElectroencephalographyPattern recognitionSample entropyArtificial intelligenceArtifactsbusinessAlgorithmsEntropy (order and disorder)2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
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Modelling urban networks sustainable progress

2019

In this paper, we analyse the relations between thermodynamics and city networks: an increase in the complexity and the organized information in such urban systems leads to less demand for resources and less social entropy, which overall makes them more efficient and stable. The goal of this study is to propose a method to measuring city networks sustainable progress based on statistical models, derived from Eurostat databases and NASA satellite images, and capable of analyzing different conceptual scenarios of urban development in Europe. The obtained probability-based indices enable us to evaluate the dynamics of city networks in terms of three components of sustainable progress – economi…

Computer scienceGeography Planning and Development0211 other engineering and technologies021107 urban & regional planningForestryCohesion (computer science)Statistical model02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesManagement Monitoring Policy and LawEnvironmental economics01 natural sciencesUrban ecologyInclusive developmentUrban planningOrder (exchange)Urban system0105 earth and related environmental sciencesNature and Landscape ConservationSocial entropyLand Use Policy
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