Search results for " European Union"

Impact of Global Economic Crisis on the European Welfare States

2013

The global economic crisis and the subsequent weaker growth are putting under pressure welfare states in the EU. This paper aims at discussing the effects of the crisis at the social level and at identifying whether the classic European welfare state models (Nordic, Continental, Anglo-Saxon and Mediterranean) are still valid in today’s economy. An answer will be tried using the mathematical tool of principal components analysis. The results will be observed in graphs where the states taken into consideration respect the classical welfare models or they regroup themselves into new circumstances’ adapted models. Even though the classical welfare models are generally still checked up with the …

Energy efficiency in the European Union: What can be learned from the joint application of directional distance functions and slacks-based measures?

2014

Abstract Over the last few years concerns have increased about the energy mix in many countries. These concerns have been of greater magnitude for countries with a common energy regulation such as European Union (EU) member states. An important aspect to take into account when choosing a given energy mix is the efficiency involved in its generation. In this context, the present study analyzes the efficiency with which electricity and derived heat was produced in 25 EU member states over the last decade. This analysis considers not only the inputs and outputs involved but, more importantly, which undesirable by-products were generated during the production process, a relevant issue for EU cl…

La Corte costituzionale apre al divieto di retroattività del novum penitenziario in malam partem.

2020

With a courageous judgment, the Constitutional Court extends the application scope of art. 25, par. 2, Cost. in the criminal enforcement sector. Censoring the living law, the Court states the prohibition of the retroactivity of the measures more afflictive introduced by law no. 3 of 2019 to convicts who committed the fact before its entry into force. The Author, after dwelling on the new paradigm of "European legality", retraces the salient passages of the decision, from which it draws the innovative message of the Judge of the laws.

The effects of sharing sustainable technology R&D on EU competition law

2022

This paper explores the significance of EU competition system in attaining envisioned sustainability targets by analysing the prospective symbiosis between European competition and patent law. Furthermore, this research evaluates both the plausible threats in the internal market stemming from lenient competition legislation as well as highlighting the apparent benefits of coordinating EU intellectual property and antitrust law to facilitate innovation. The goal of this research is to determine whether such polar opposites can indeed be merged into sustainable competition policy or will it end up fostering breeding ground for collusive behaviour in the common market.

L'analisi di impatto della regolazione in dieci paesi dell'Unione Europea

2005

Acceptability of domestic violence against women in the European Union: a multilevel analysis

2006

Study objective: The acceptability of domestic violence against women (DVAW) plays an important part in shaping the social environment in which the victims are embedded, which in turn may contribute either to perpetuate or to reduce the levels of DVAW in our societies. This study analyses correlates of the acceptability of DVAW in the European Union (EU). Design: Three level ordinal logistic regression of 13 457 people nested within 212 localities (cities), nested within 15 countries of the EU. Sampling is multistage with random probability. All interviews were face to face in people’s homes. The outcome variable was acceptability of DVAW. Multiple correlates at the individual, locality, an…

Rolling Over EUAs and CERs

2012

Whatever derivative contract has a finite life limited by their maturity. The construction of long series, however, is of interest for academic, hedging and investments purposes. In this study, we analyze the relevance of the choice of the rollover date on European Union Allowances (EUAs) and Certified Emissions Reduction (CERs) futures contracts. We have used five different methodologies to construct long series and the results show that, regardless of the criterion applied, there are not significant differences between the resultant return distribution series. Therefore, the least complex method, which is to roll on the last trading day, can be used in order to reach the same conclusions.…

Land Grabbing Models in the International Scenario: the Case Study of the European Union

2015

The worldwide increase in population and consumption has produced a growing demand for food and energy in the rich and developing Countries and has intensiied the search for land on which to carry investments without transparency rules and without creating real conditions of development of local populations. The aim of this paper is to identify, through a cluster analysis, homogeneous group of investor countries and to verify if exist Land grabbing model for the EU Member States. The results show that the strategies adopted by the investors are driven by the need to achieve energy security and reduce CO2 emissions and to cope with the problems of food security in view of the exponential gro…

Unfair Terms, Protective Nullity and Court’s Powers: Certain Reference Points after Jőrös’ and Asbeek Brusse’s Rulings

2015

Review. The article examines the cases of Jőrös (Case C- 397/11,) and Asbeek Brusse,(case C‑488–11), both dated 30 may 2013, as a starting point for a more general analysis of the ECJ’s approach to the legal consequences to be drawn by the national Court from finding that a contractual term is unfair. The work focuses on the question of whether the interest of the consumer — at the basis of the remedy under consideration — is compatible with the general public interest and with the duty of the National Court to declare the nullity of its own motion, perhaps in contrast with the individual interest of the party. The paper criticizes the “Pannon ruling”, and points out how the more recent Ban…

Do common constitutional traditions matter in the field of regulated markets?

2019

A new tension is spreading throughout Europe: the tension between Common Constitutional Traditions (CCTS) and Constitutional Identity (CI). Recent cases brought before the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), which have gone to the core of European Integration, have revealed this tension. In particular, this tension was highlighted in the “Taricco saga” and in the more recent cases concerning the independence of the judiciary in Poland. The rulings concerning the first group of cases use the concept of CCTS in a quite conventional way, that is, with regard to fundamental rights. The essay examines the possibility that the complex relationship between the CCTS and CI will affect ot…