Search results for " Experimental"

showing 10 items of 3530 documents

Lovastatin attenuates ionizing radiation-induced normal tissue damage in vivo.

2009

Abstract Background and purpose HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used lipid-lowering drugs. Moreover, they have pleiotropic effects on cellular stress responses, proliferation and apoptosis in vitro . Here, we investigated whether lovastatin attenuates acute and subchronic ionizing radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity in vivo . Materials and methods Four hours to 24h after total body irradiation (6Gy) of Balb/c mice, acute pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses were analyzed. To comprise subchronic radiation toxicity, mice were irradiated twice with 2.5Gy and analyses were performed 3weeks after the first radiation treatment. Molecular markers of inflammation and f…

Programmed cell deathPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyStatinmedicine.drug_classCell SurvivalPharmacologyRadiation DosageMiceRandom AllocationIn vivoFibrosisReference ValuesRadiation IonizingmedicineAnimalsHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLovastatinRNA MessengerRadiation InjuriesLungProbabilityMice Inbred BALB CChemistryTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaNF-kappa BDose-Response Relationship RadiationHematologymedicine.diseaseCTGFIntestinesDisease Models AnimalRadiation Injuries ExperimentalOncologyLiverApoptosisToxicitylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)FemaleLovastatinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsInflammation Mediatorsmedicine.drugDNA DamageRadiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology
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TRAIL-R4 promotes tumor growth and resistance to apoptosis in cervical carcinoma HeLa cells through AKT.

2011

International audience; BACKGROUND: TRAIL/Apo2L is a pro-apoptotic ligand of the TNF family that engages the apoptotic machinery through two pro-apoptotic receptors, TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2. This cell death program is tightly controlled by two antagonistic receptors, TRAIL-R3 and TRAIL-R4, both devoid of a functional death domain, an intracellular region of the receptor, required for the recruitment and the activation of initiator caspases. Upon TRAIL-binding, TRAIL-R4 forms a heteromeric complex with the agonistic receptor TRAIL-R2 leading to reduced caspase-8 activation and apoptosis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We provide evidence that TRAIL-R4 can also exhibit, in a ligand independent…

Proliferation indexlcsh:MedicineTNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing LigandHeLaMicePhosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases0302 clinical medicineMolecular Cell BiologyBasic Cancer ResearchMembrane Receptor SignalingEnzyme Inhibitorslcsh:SciencePhosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryCell Deathbiologyapoptosis3. Good healthCell biologyOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMedicineFemaleSignal transductionResearch ArticleSignal TransductionProgrammed cell deathMorpholinesproliferationBlotting WesternMice Nude03 medical and health sciencesTRAIL-R4[SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyAnimalsHumans[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyBiology[ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyProtein kinase BPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwayCell Proliferation030304 developmental biologyCell growthAktCell Membranelcsh:RPTEN PhosphohydrolaseNeoplasms Experimentalbiology.organism_classificationTumor Necrosis Factor Decoy ReceptorsChromonesApoptosislcsh:QProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktHeLa Cells
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Beyond free will : The embodied emergence of conscious agency

2019

Is it possible to reconcile the concept of conscious agency with the view that humans are biological creatures subject to material causality? The problem of conscious agency is complicated by the tendency to attribute autonomous powers of control to conscious processes. In this paper, we offer an embodied process model of conscious agency. We begin with the concept of embodied emergence – the idea that psychological processes are higher-order biological processes, albeit ones that exhibit emergent properties. Although consciousness, experience, and representation are emergent properties of higher-order biological organisms, the capacity for hierarchical regulation is a property of all livin…

Property (philosophy)Process (engineering)media_common.quotation_subjectAgency (philosophy)Subject (philosophy)0603 philosophy ethics and religionvapaa tahtoconsciousness050105 experimental psychologyFree willemergence0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSociologyta611Applied Psychologyta515media_commonembodimentCognitive sciencetietoisuus05 social sciences06 humanities and the artstoimijuusLiving systemsPhilosophyEmbodied cognition060302 philosophyagencyfree willConsciousnessPhilosophical Psychology
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The Attention Schema Theory: A Foundation for Engineering Artificial Consciousness

2017

The purpose of the attention schema theory is to explain how an information-processing device, the brain, arrives at the claim that it possesses a non-physical, subjective awareness, and assigns a high degree of certainty to that extraordinary claim. The theory does not address how the brain might actually possess a non-physical essence. It is not a theory that deals in the non-physical. It is about the computations that cause a machine to make a claim and to assign a high degree of certainty to the claim. The theory is offered as a possible starting point for building artificial consciousness. Given current technology, it should be possible to build a machine that contains a rich internal …

Property (philosophy)media_common.quotation_subjectlcsh:Mechanical engineering and machineryInternal modelArtificial consciousness050105 experimental psychologylcsh:QA75.5-76.9503 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArtificial Intelligence0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesHuman–machine systemawarenesslcsh:TJ1-1570body schemamedia_commonCognitive scienceinternal modelbusiness.industry05 social sciencesFoundation (evidence)Computer Science ApplicationsattentionBody schemavisual attentionArtificial intelligencelcsh:Electronic computers. Computer scienceConsciousnessbusinessPsychologyAttribution030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFrontiers in Robotics and AI
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The conceptualisation of austerity in the Portuguese, Spanish and Irish press

2017

The aim of this chapter is to analyse the conceptualisation of austerity in three different European cultures by identifying metaphorical expressions used in one representative newspaper of the Portuguese, the Spanish and the Irish press between 2011 and 2012. The metaphors were identified by searching for three keywords from the field of economy and politics (austeridade-austeridad-austerity, corte-recorte-cut and divida-deuda-debt) and were then classified according to the type of schema they instantiate, namely, propositional schema, image schema or event schema. Assuming the general framework of Cultural Linguistics and corpus-based and discourse-based approaches to conceptual metaphor,…

Propositional schemasAusterityMetaphormedia_common.quotation_subjectEvent schemas050105 experimental psychologyIrishImage schemaCultural linguisticsConceptual metaphorSchema (psychology)0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesEthnolinguisticsSociologyCultural conceptualisationmedia_common060201 languages & linguisticsPortugal05 social sciencesConceptual metaphor06 humanities and the artslanguage.human_languageEpistemologyAusterityEconomySpain0602 languages and literaturelanguageImage schemasIdeologyIreland
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2019

Previous research indicates that programmes employing Hellison’s Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility (TPSR) model in physical activity have had a positive impact on youth development by inc...

Protocol (science)Medical educationSocial Psychology4. Education05 social sciencesProfessional developmentPhysical activity030229 sport sciences050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineIntrinsic motivation0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesClubPsychologyPositive Youth DevelopmentTraining programmeSocial responsibilityApplied PsychologyInternational Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
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El Dr. Simarro y la Psicología Científica en España

1987

Se presentan las grandes líneas maestras de la Psicología del Dr. Simarro, una concepción reconstruida a partir de los muy pocos textos científicos escritos por Simarro. Se trata de una Psicología asociacionista, muy influída por Charcot, que reivindica la actualidad y validez de la teoría asociacionista de Luis Vives, y que se interesa por una conciliación entre los desarrollos descriptivos llevados a cabo por los psicólogos ingleses y los experimentales de las escuelas alemanas. Simarro quería dar a la Psicología una sólida base evolucionista y fisiológica y para ello aprovechó sus amplios conocimientos biológicos y clínicos. Sin embargo, no logró institucionalizar adecuadamente, en la Un…

Psicología experimentalHistoria de la medicinaHistologíaFisiología
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P-Value, Confidence Intervals, and Statistical Inference: A New Dataset of Misinterpretation

2017

Statistical inference is essential for science since the twentieth century (Salsburg, 2001). Since it's introduction into science, the null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), in which the P-value serves as the index of “statistically significant,” is the most widely used statistical method in psychology (Sterling et al., 1995; Cumming et al., 2007), as well as other fields (Wasserstein and Lazar, 2016). However, surveys consistently showed that researchers in psychology may not able to interpret P-value and related statistical procedures correctly (Oakes, 1986; Haller and Krauss, 2002; Hoekstra et al., 2014; Badenes-Ribera et al., 2016). Even worse, these misinterpretations of P-value …

PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Intragroup ProcessesPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Social CognitionPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Personality and CreativityPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Theories of Personality050109 social psychologyconfidence intervals (CIs) ; misinterpretation ; P-Value ; statistical inference ; replication crisisSocial and Behavioral SciencesPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Moral BehaviorP-ValueStatisticsStatistical inferencePsychologyPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Testing and AssessmentPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality PsychologyPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Self-regulationGeneral PsychologyPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Motivational BehaviorPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Prejudice and DiscriminationPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Well-beingPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Social Influence05 social sciencesPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Affect and Emotion RegulationBayes factorPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Social Well-beingPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Intergroup ProcessesFOS: Psychologybepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Social PsychologyPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Self and Social Identitybepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Personality and Social ContextsPsychologyPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Attitudes and Persuasionconfidence intervals (CIs)statistical inferenceSocial PsychologyPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Politicslcsh:BF1-990replication crisisPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Individual DifferencesPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Nonverbal BehaviorPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|InterventionsPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Narrative ResearchPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|DiversityPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Genetic factors050105 experimental psychologymisinterpretationPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Interpersonal RelationshipsPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Personality and SituationsPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Personality ProcessesSignificance testingPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Impression Formation0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesp-valuePsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Violence and AggressionPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|DisabilityPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Achievement and StatusPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Prosocial BehaviorReplication crisisTask forcePsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Self-esteemConfidence intervalPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Scienceslcsh:PsychologyPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|SexualityPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Cultural DifferencesPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Trait Theorybepress|Social and Behavioral SciencesPsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Social and Personality Psychology|Religion and SpiritualityNull hypothesis
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Las estrategias de afrontamiento: relación con la integridad y la desesperación en adultos mayores

2020

Resumen Antecedentes y objetivo Adaptarse con exito al envejecimiento facilita la consecucion de la integridad. Las estrategias de afrontamiento son clave en este proceso de adaptacion, y dependiendo del tipo de estrategias que se apliquen, se puede conseguir la integridad o bien caer en la desesperacion. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relacion entre las estrategias de afrontamiento y la edad con las dimensiones de integridad y desesperacion en una muestra de adultos mayores. Materiales y metodos Se evaluaron las estrategias de afrontamiento, la integridad y la desesperacion en una muestra de 325 adultos mayores sanos. Se realizaron regresiones lineales multiples para estudiar …

Psychiatry and Mental healthSocial Psychology05 social sciences050109 social psychology0501 psychology and cognitive sciences050105 experimental psychologyApplied PsychologyAnsiedad y Estrés
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Evgeny Nikolaevich Sokolov (1920-2008).

2008

PsychoanalysisEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsCognitive NeuroscienceGeneral Neuroscience05 social sciencesConditioning ClassicalExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyHistory 20th CenturyHistory 21st Century050105 experimental psychologyRussia03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyCognitionDevelopmental NeuroscienceNeurology0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiological PsychiatryPsychophysiologyPsychophysiology
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