Search results for " Genetic variability"

showing 10 items of 17 documents

S-genotype identification, genetic diversity and structure analysis of Italian sweet cherry germplasm

2017

In this study, 186 local sweet cherry accessions from 12 Italian regions, plus eight reference accessions, were analysed for the first time, using 13 microsatellite markers. Moreover, their S-incompatibility genotypes were identified with consensus primers for the S-RNase and SFB genes. A total of 161 unique genotypes were found; 18 groups of synonyms, along with the discovery of cases of misidentification. The average number of alleles per locus was 9.7, the mean expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.63, the mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.65 and the mean polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.58. The structure analysis revealed the presence of six populations, which reflected in…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineGermplasmLocus (genetics)ConservationBiologyPrunus aviumHorticulture01 natural sciencesGermplasm resourcesSelf(in)compatibilityLoss of heterozygosity03 medical and health sciencesGeneticGenotypeGeneticsGenetic variabilityAlleleMolecular BiologyConservation; Genetic variability; Germplasm resources; Prunus avium; S-alleles; Self(in)compatibility; Forestry; Molecular Biology; Genetics; HorticultureGeneticsGenetic diversityfood and beveragesForestrySettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeS-alleles030104 developmental biologyS-alleleMicrosatelliteGenetic variabilityGermplasm resource010606 plant biology & botany
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Agro-Morphological Characterization of Sicilian Chili Pepper Accessions for Ornamental Purposes

2020

The species belonging to the genus Capsicum have been widely used as decorative vegetables, however only a few genotypes are available for this purpose. The goal of the present work was the agro-morphological characterization of several chili pepper accessions cultivated into different pot sizes (10, 14, 18 or 20 cm diameters). The agro-morphological characterization of 19 accessions was performed following IPGR (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) descriptors: plant height (PH), plant canopy width (PCW), PH/PCW ratio, plant growth habit, plant visual quality, first flower emission, fruiting start, end of harvest, fruit number, fruit length, fruit width, fruit color at mature s…

0106 biological sciencesPlant growthChili pepperCapsicum generaCapsicum generachili pepperSettore AGR/04 - Orticoltura E FloricolturaPlant ScienceBiology01 natural sciencesArticle0404 agricultural biotechnologyGenetic resourcesOrnamental plantcharacterizationornamental plantsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsEcologyornamental plantBotany04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food scienceSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni ErbaceeHorticultureMature stageQK1-989Habit (biology)<i>Capsicum</i> generalocal genetic variabilityPlant canopychili pepper010606 plant biology & botanyPlants
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Conservation status and historical relatedness of Italian cattle breeds

2018

Background In the last 50 years, the diversity of cattle breeds has experienced a severe contraction. However, in spite of the growing diffusion of cosmopolite specialized breeds, several local cattle breeds are still farmed in Italy. Genetic characterization of breeds represents an essential step to guide decisions in the management of farm animal genetic resources. The aim of this work was to provide a high-resolution representation of the genome-wide diversity and population structure of Italian local cattle breeds using a medium-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Results After quality control filtering, the dataset included 31,013 SNPs for 800 samples from 32 breeds. Ou…

0301 basic medicineIn situ conservation[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Animals; Animals Domestic; Breeding; Cattle; Conservation of Natural Resources; Evolution Molecular; Genetics Population; Genome-Wide Association Study; Linkage Disequilibrium; Phylogeny; Population Density; Genetic Variation; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide;Italian Bovine Genetic VariabilityRuns of HomozygosityBreedingLinkage DisequilibriumSettore AGR/17 - Zootecnica Generale E Miglioramento GeneticoItalian cattle breeds Bovine Genetic Variability Bovine SNP Bovine Genomocs Markers Italian Bovine Genetic VariabilityConservation of Natural ResourceDomesticPhylogenylcsh:SF1-11002. Zero hungereducation.field_of_studyEcologySettore AGR/17 - ZOOTECNICA GENERALE E MIGLIORAMENTO GENETICOBiodiversity04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineSingle NucleotideItalyAnimals DomesticBovine SNPLivestockItalian cattle breeds Bovine Genetic VariabilityEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics; Animal Science and Zoology; GeneticsInbreedingGenetic isolateResearch ArticleConservation of Natural Resourceslcsh:QH426-470EvolutionAnimals; Animals Domestic; Breeding; Cattle; Conservation of Natural Resources; Evolution Molecular; Genetics Population; Genome-Wide Association Study; Linkage Disequilibrium; Phylogeny; Population Density; Genetic Variation; Polymorphism Single NucleotidePopulationPopulationBiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideBovine Genomocs MarkersEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesBehavior and SystematicsSNP local cattle structureGenetic variationGeneticsAnimalsPolymorphismeducationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPopulation DensityGenetic diversityAnimalbusiness.industry0402 animal and dairy scienceAnimals; Animals Domestic; Breeding; Cattle; Conservation of Natural Resources; Evolution Molecular; Genetics Population; Genome-Wide Association Study; Linkage Disequilibrium; Phylogeny; Population Density; Genetic Variation; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide; Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics; Animal Science and Zoology; GeneticsMolecularGenetic VariationEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematic040201 dairy & animal sciencelcsh:GeneticsBiodiversity cattle ItalyGenetics Population030104 developmental biologyEvolutionary biologyCattleAnimal Science and Zoologylcsh:Animal culturebusinessGenome-Wide Association Study
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CAN ANCIENT DNA APPROACH DOCUMENT THE LOSS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN PYGMY CHIMPANZEES? A RESEARCH PROGRAM ON HISTORIC SAMPLES OF EUROPEAN PRIMATOLOGIC…

2009

ANCIENT DNA PYGMY CHIMPANZEE MUSEUM COLLECTIONS LOSS OF GENETIC VARIABILITYSettore BIO/08 - Antropologia
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Cytochrome P450 2E1 variable number tandem repeat polymorphisms and health risks: A genotype-phenotype study in cancers associated with drinking and/…

2012

Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is one of the main enzymes involved in the oxidation of ethanol and in the transformation of a number of potentially dangerous compounds. It has various polymorphic sites, one of which is a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism previously described in the 5'-flanking region. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotype-phenotype association between CYP2E1 VNTR polymorphisms and risky health habits in healthy subjects and to analyze the associations between these polymorphisms with drinking- and/or smoking-related cancers. We analyzed 166 healthy subjects by genotyping for the CYP2E1 VNTR polymorphism associated with drinking and/or smoking h…

AdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularAlcohol Drinkinghuman genetic variability genetic factors cytochrome P450 2E1 variable number tandem repeat polymorphisms predis-posing alleles health risks drinking- and/or smoking-related cancer.Minisatellite RepeatsBiologyBiochemistryGastroenterologyRestriction fragmentYoung AdultRisk-TakingRisk FactorsInternal medicineGenotypeOdds RatioGeneticsmedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseMolecular BiologyGenotypingGenetic Association StudiesGeneticsPolymorphism GeneticLiver NeoplasmsSmokingCytochrome P-450 CYP2E1Odds ratiomedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalPancreatic NeoplasmsVariable number tandem repeatSettore BIO/18 - GeneticaOncologyCase-Control StudiesHepatocellular carcinomabiology.proteinMolecular MedicineAdenocarcinomaFemalePolymorphism Restriction Fragment Length
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Genetic diversity in Sicilian populations of Quercus ilex (Fagaceae)

2013

Raimondo, F. M., Scialabba, A., Guarino, R. & Spallino, R. E.: Genetic diversity in Sicilian populations of Quercus ilex (Fagaceae). — Fl. Medit. 23: 245-253. 2013. — ISSN: 1120-4052 printed, 2240-4538 online. Recent studies on the genetic structure of the Italian populations of Quercus ilex demonstrated their high diversity, particularly in the Sicilian metapopulation. In order to check if the holm oak stands in the mountains of NW Sicily could have some relationship with Q. ilex subsp. ballota (distributed in Spain and NW Africa), 26 specimens from the Sicilian most distinctive Q. ilex populations have been compared with some representative populations of the Italian Peninsula, North Afri…

Genetic diversitybiologyEcologySettore BIO/02 - Botanica SistematicaMetapopulationPlant Sciencebiology.organism_classificationlanguage.human_languageFagaceaeSettore BIO/01 - Botanica GeneraleGeographyGenetic distanceSettore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E ApplicataGenetic structureBotanylanguageGenetic variabilityBallotaSicilianQuercus ISSR analysis genetic variabilityFlora Mediterranea
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Morphological and genetic diversity within Pilosella hoppeana aggr. (Asteraceae) in Italy and taxonomic implications

2013

Morphological variation, ploidy level and genetic diversity have been studied on 10 populations of the Pilosella hoppeana aggr. from the Alps, Abruzzo, Calabria and Sicily.Chromosome counts showed that the plants from Abruzzo and those from Sicily are tetraploid (2n = 36); they are assigned to P. hoppeana subsp. macrantha. The plants from the Alps (P. hoppeana subsp. hoppeana) and those from Calabria are diploid. The Calabrian populations, previously included in P. hoppeana subsp. macrantha, are shown to belong to a separate species, P. leucopsilon. The principal component analysis, based on 25 morphological characters, allowed distinguishing clearly four groups. An allozymes study using 10…

Genetic diversitybiologyPilosella hoppeanaSettore BIO/02 - Botanica SistematicaDendrogramChromosomePlant ScienceAsteraceaebiology.organism_classificationAllozymes genetic variability Italy morphology Pilosella taxonomic relationshipsSettore BIO/01 - Botanica GeneraleEvolutionary biologyBotanyGenetic variabilityAllelePloidyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics
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Genetic Variability of Hepatitis C Virus before and after Combined Therapy of Interferon plus Ribavirin

2008

We present an analysis of the selective forces acting on two hepatitis C virus genome regions previously postulated to be involved in the viral response to combined antiviral therapy. One includes the three hypervariable regions in the envelope E2 glycoprotein, and the other encompasses the PKR binding domain and the V3 domain in the NS5A region. We used a cohort of 22 non-responder patients to combined therapy (interferon alpha-2a plus ribavirin) for which samples were obtained before initiation of therapy and after 6 or/and 12 months of treatment. A range of 25-100 clones per patient, genome region and time sample were sequenced. These were used to detect general patterns of adaptation, t…

Genome evolutionHepatitis C virusEvolutionary Biology/Bioinformaticslcsh:MedicineAlpha interferonGenome ViralHepacivirusBiologyVirology/Immune EvasionInterferon alpha-2Viral Nonstructural Proteinsmedicine.disease_causeGenomeAntiviral AgentsEvolution Molecularchemistry.chemical_compoundGenetics and Genomics/Population GeneticsRibavirinmedicineHumanslcsh:ScienceNS5APhylogenyGenetics:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Genética ::Otras [UNESCO]Virology/Antivirals including Modes of Action and ResistanceMultidisciplinaryEvolutionary Biology/Evolutionary and Comparative GeneticsHepatitis C virusRibavirinlcsh:RGenetic VariationInterferon-alphaVirologyComplementarity Determining RegionsHepatitis CVirology/Virus Evolution and SymbiosisRecombinant ProteinsUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Genética ::OtrasHypervariable regionchemistryViral evolutionInterferonlcsh:QGenetic variabilityHepatitis C virus; Genetic variability; Interferon; Ribavirin; Combined therapyCombined therapyResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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Genetic variation of an Italian long shelf-life tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) collection by using SSR and morphological fruit traits

2014

The recovery of ancient germplasm in tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) has become necessary to limit the wide genetic erosion caused by the employment of modern cultivars. Among germplasm collections, long shelf-life landraces could represent an important source of biodiversity. The present study provides a first set of molecular and phenotypic data on long shelf-life (so called "da serbo" in southern Italy) tomato collection, mainly originated from Sicily together with some landraces from Campania and Apulia. The analysis of fruit traits showed a low intra-varietal variation, while exhibiting a quite higher inter-varietal variability. Overall, the cultivars have been classified in six fruit…

GermplasmPlant ScienceSettore AGR/04 - Orticoltura E FloricolturaLycopersiconFruit traitsSettore AGR/07 - Genetica AgrariaBotanyGenetic variationGeneticsGenetic variabilityGenetic erosionEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsFruit traits Genetic variability Landraces Microsatellites (SSR) Solanum lycopersicon L.biologyfungifood and beveragesSolanum lycopersicon L.biology.organism_classificationHorticultureLandracesGenetic distanceMicrosatelliteGenetic variabilitySolanumAgronomy and Crop ScienceMicrosatellites (SSR)
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International genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new primary biliary cirrhosis risk loci and targetable pathogenic pathways

2015

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a classical autoimmune liver disease for which effective immunomodulatory therapy is lacking. Here we perform meta-analyses of discovery data sets from genome-wide association studies of European subjects (n=2,764 cases and 10,475 controls) followed by validation genotyping in an independent cohort (n=3,716 cases and 4,261 controls). We discover and validate six previously unknown risk loci for PBC (Pcombined<5 × 10−8) and used pathway analysis to identify JAK-STAT/IL12/IL27 signalling and cytokine–cytokine pathways, for which relevant therapies exist.

Liver CirrhosisGenetics and Molecular Biology (all)pathogenesirisk assessment EMTREE medical terms: Articlegenetic associationgenotypeEMTREE drug terms: chemokine receptor CCR6genetic riskBiochemistrymeta-analysiprimary biliary cirrhosichemokine receptor CCR6 [EMTREE drug terms]single nucleotide polymorphismgenetic variabilityArticle [risk assessment EMTREE medical terms]Liver Cirrhosis BiliarypathogenesisBiliaryChemistry (all)STAT protein GEOBASE Subject Index: disease treatmentcohort analysisgenome wide meta analysis PBCsignal transductiongene locuscohort analysiCBPArticle*Physics and Astronomy (all)macrophage inflammatory protein 3alphaHumanscontrolled studyhumaninterleukin 27genomeBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)meta analysiinterleukin 12p40EMTREE drug terms: chemokine receptor CCR6; interleukin 12; interleukin 12p40; interleukin 27; Janus kinase; macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha; STAT protein GEOBASE Subject Index: disease treatment; genome; meta-analysis; pathogen; risk assessment EMTREE medical terms: Article; cohort analysis; controlled study; gene locus; genetic association; genetic predisposition; genetic risk; genetic variability; genotype; human; major clinical study; meta analysis; pathogenesis; primary biliary cirrhosis; signal transduction; single nucleotide polymorphismmajor clinical studyprimary biliary cirrhosismeta-analysisdisease treatment [STAT protein GEOBASE Subject Index]Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Chemistry (all); Physics and Astronomy (all)Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Biliary; Genome-Wide Association Study; Biochemistry; Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Chemistry (all); Physics and Astronomy (all)gene locuinterleukin 12genetic predispositionJanus kinasepathogenmeta analysisHumans; Liver Cirrhosis Biliary; Genome-Wide Association Study; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Chemistry (all); Physics and Astronomy (all)Genome-Wide Association Study
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