Search results for " Geometry."

showing 10 items of 2189 documents

Minimal Supergravity Scalar Neutrino Dark Matter and Inverse Seesaw Neutrino Masses

2008

We show that within the inverse seesaw mechanism for generating neutrino masses minimal supergravity is more likely to have a sneutrino as the lightest superparticle than the conventional neutralino. We also demonstrate that such schemes naturally reconcile the small neutrino masses with the correct relic sneutrino dark matter abundance and accessible direct detection rates in nuclear recoil experiments.

Sterile neutrinoParticle physicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDark matterGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics01 natural sciences7. Clean energyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Seesaw molecular geometryastro-ph0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsNeutrino oscillationPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsSupergravityAstrophysics (astro-ph)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicahep-phSupersymmetryHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologySeesaw mechanismHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrino
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Stochastic seismic analysis of multidegree of freedom systems

1984

Abstract A unconditionally stable step-by-step procedure is proposed to evaluate the mean square response of a linear system with several degrees of freedom, subjected to earthquake ground motion. A non-stationary modulated random process, obtained as the product of a deterministic time envelope function and a stationary noise, is used to simulate earthquake acceleration. The accuracy of the procedure and its extension to nonlinear systems are discussed. Numerical examples are given for a hysteretic system, a duffing oscillator and a linear system with several degrees of freedom.

Stochastic processMathematical analysisLinear systemDegrees of freedom (statistics)stochastic analysisDuffing equationAcceleration (differential geometry)earthquakes; probability theory; stochastic analysisSeismic analysisNonlinear systemEarthquake simulationControl theoryprobability theoryearthquakesCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematics
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Surface Development of (As2S3)1–x (AgI)x Thin Films for Gas Sensor Applications

2011

Thin (As2S3)100−x(AgI)x (x = 0–40) films were deposited by thermal vacuum evaporation from the respective bulk glasses; their structure and morphology before and after illumination with light have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As-deposited films show fractional evaporation and surface inhomogeneities but after illumination they become uniform on the surface and in the depth as revealed by SEM top-view and cross-section images. Mechanical parameters like stress and microhardness of as-prepared and illuminated films were also investigated. The results from the stress measurements show variation in both the sign and the magnitude of the values with increasing AgI content …

Stress (mechanics)Surface (mathematics)Morphology (linguistics)Materials scienceScanning electron microscopeDevelopment (differential geometry)Composite materialThin filmEvaporation (deposition)Indentation hardness
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Filament sets and homogeneous continua

2007

Abstract New tools are introduced for the study of homogeneous continua. The subcontinua of a given continuum are classified into three types: filament , non-filament , and ample , with ample being a subcategory of non-filament. The richness of the collection of ample subcontinua of a homogeneous continuum reflects where the space lies in the gradation from being locally connected at one extreme to indecomposable at another. Applications are given to the general theory of homogeneous continua and their hyperspaces.

SubcategoryAmpleContinuum (topology)010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisMathematics::General TopologySpace (mathematics)01 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicsProtein filamentQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesMathematics::Algebraic GeometryGeneral theoryHomogeneousContinuumFilamentHomogeneousGeometry and Topology0101 mathematicsIndecomposable moduleMathematicsTopology and its Applications
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DNA cleavage reaction induced by dimeric copper(II) complexes of N-substituted thiazole sulfonamides

2005

A new dinuclear copper(II) complex has been synthesised and structurally characterised: [Cu2(tz-ben)4] (Htz-ben = N-thiazol-2-yl-benzenesulfonamide). Its crystal structure, magnetic properties and electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra were studied in detail. In the compound the metal centres are bridged by four non-linear triatomic NCN groups. The coordination geometry of the copper ions in the dinuclear entity is distorted square pyramidal (4+1). Two thiazole N and two sulfonamido N atoms occupy the equatorial positions and one sulfonamido O atom is in the axial position. Magnetic susceptibility data show a strong antiferromagnetic coupling, -2J = 114.1 cm(-1). The EPR spectra of…

SulfonamidesSpectrophotometry InfraredStereochemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyDNACrystal structureZero field splittingCrystallography X-RayBiochemistryMagnetic susceptibilityMass SpectrometrySquare pyramidal molecular geometrylaw.inventionInorganic ChemistryThiazolesCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawOrganometallic CompoundsSinglet stateThiazoleElectron paramagnetic resonanceCopperCoordination geometryJournal of Inorganic Biochemistry
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Structure and superconductivity in LnNi2B2C: comparison of calculation and experiment

2001

Abstract The experimental relation between the superconducting transition temperature ( T c ) and lattice size for the lanthanide nickel borocarbides is clarified. The electronic density of states (DOS) at the Fermi energy is calculated by the LMTO method for selected non-magnetic lanthanides. The T c and the DOS are both shown to scale in the same way with a structural parameter that characterizes the bond angle in the NiB 4 tetrahedra. The results strongly support arguments that the suppression of superconductivity on going from smaller to larger lanthanides in the quaternary nickel borocarbides is structurally driven. A structure– T c relationship of this type is unusual for intermetalli…

SuperconductivityLanthanideCondensed matter physicsIntermetallicchemistry.chemical_elementFermi energyGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceNickelMolecular geometryTight bindingchemistryCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMaterials ChemistryTetrahedronCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSolid State Communications
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G1-Blend between a Differentiable Superquadric of Revolution and a Plane or a Sphere Using Dupin Cyclides

2008

In this article, we present a method to perform G1-continuous blends between a differentiable superquadric of revolution and a plane or a sphere using Dupin cyclides. These blends are patches delimited by four lines of curvature. They allow to avoid parameterization problems that may occur when parametric surfaces are used. Rational quadratic Bezier curves are used to approximate the principal circles of the Dupin cyclide blends and thus a complex 3D problem is now reduced to a simpler 2D problem. We present the necessary conditions to be satisfied to create the blending patches and illustrate our approach by a number of superellipsoid/plane and superellipsoid/sphere blending examples.

SuperellipsoidParametric surfacePlane (geometry)Mathematical analysisDupin cyclideGeometryBézier curveDifferentiable functionCurvatureComputational geometryMathematics2008 IEEE International Conference on Signal Image Technology and Internet Based Systems
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Ricci-flow based conformal mapping of the proximal femur to identify exercise loading effects.

2018

AbstractThe causal relationship between habitual loading and adaptive response in bone morphology is commonly explored by analysing the spatial distribution of mechanically relevant features. In this study, 3D distribution of features in the proximal femur of 91 female athletes (5 exercise loading groups representing habitual loading) is contrasted with 20 controls. A femur specific Ricci-flow based conformal mapping procedure was developed for establishing correspondence among the periosteal surfaces. The procedure leverages the invariance of the conformal mapping method to isometric shape differences to align surfaces in the 2D parametric domain, to produce dense correspondences across an…

Surface (mathematics)AdultModels Anatomicfyysinen rasitusluulcsh:Medicine030209 endocrinology & metabolismConformal mapIsometric exerciseStatistical parametric mappingbonebiomechanicsArticle030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingdifferentiaaligeometria03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicinereisiluuStatistical inferenceImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansFemurFemurdifferential geometrylcsh:ScienceExerciseParametric statisticsMathematicsMultidisciplinarybusiness.industrylcsh:RRicci flowPattern recognition217 Medical engineeringBiomechanical PhenomenaAthletesphysical stressCase-Control Studieslcsh:QfemurFemalebiomekaniikkaArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsScientific reports
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Arithmetic and geometry of a K3 surface emerging from virtual corrections to Drell–Yan scattering

2020

We study a K3 surface, which appears in the two-loop mixed electroweak-quantum chromodynamic virtual corrections to Drell--Yan scattering. A detailed analysis of the geometric Picard lattice is presented, computing its rank and discriminant in two independent ways: first using explicit divisors on the surface and then using an explicit elliptic fibration. We also study in detail the elliptic fibrations of the surface and use them to provide an explicit Shioda--Inose structure. Moreover, we point out the physical relevance of our results.

Surface (mathematics)Algebra and Number TheoryRank (linear algebra)ScatteringHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFibrationStructure (category theory)General Physics and AstronomyLattice (discrete subgroup)K3 surfaceTheoretical physicsMathematics::Algebraic GeometryDiscriminantMathematical PhysicsMathematicsCommunications in Number Theory and Physics
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Geometric contacts of surfaces immersed in Rn, n⩾5

2009

Abstract We study the extrinsic geometry of surfaces immersed in R n , n ⩾ 5 , by analyzing their contacts with different standard geometrical models, such as hyperplanes and hyperspheres. We investigate the relation between different types of contact and the properties of the curvature ellipses at each point. In particular, we focalize our attention on the hyperspheres having contacts of corank two with the surface. This leads in a natural way to the concept of umbilical focus and umbilic curvature.

Surface (mathematics)Computational Theory and MathematicsHyperplaneMathematical analysisPoint (geometry)GeometryMathematics::Differential GeometryGeometry and TopologyCurvatureEllipseFocus (optics)AnalysisMathematicsDifferential Geometry and its Applications
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