Search results for " Germany"

The Fatty Liver Assessment in Germany (FLAG) cohort study identifies large heterogeneity in NAFLD care

2020

Background & Aims NAFLD is a growing health concern. The aim of the Fatty Liver Assessment in Germany (FLAG) study was to assess disease burden and provide data on the standard of care from secondary care. Methods The FLAG study is an observational real-world study in patients with NAFLD enrolled at 13 centres across Germany. Severity of disease was assessed by non-invasive surrogate scores and data recorded at baseline and 12 months. Results In this study, 507 patients (mean age 53 years; 47% women) were enrolled. According to fibrosis-4 index, 64%, 26%, and 10% of the patients had no significant fibrosis, indeterminate stage, and advanced fibrosis, respectively. Patients with advanced fib…

Wage Cyclicality under Different Regimes of Industrial Relations

2010

Since there is scant evidence on the role of industrial relations in wage cyclicality, this paper analyzes the effect of collective wage contracts and of works councils on real wage growth. Using linked employer-employee data for western Germany, we find that works councils affect wage growth only in combination with collective bargaining. Wage adjustments to positive and negative economic shocks are not always symmetric. Only under sectoral bargaining there is a (nearly symmetric) reaction to rising and falling unemployment. In contrast, wage growth in establishments without collective bargaining adjusts only to falling unemployment and is unaffected by rising unemployment.

Incidence of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses in West Germany: Variation of a method for studying autosomal recessive disorders

1992

The incidence of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinoses (NCL) in West Germany was determined using a novel method which is applicable to other autosomal recessively inherited diseases. Questionnaires were sent to all pediatric departments (answer rate 189/276, 68%), schools for the blind (39/46, 85%), and neuropathological institutes (15/22, 68%). Diagnoses were accepted only when based on firm clinical and/or electron microscopic criteria; 207 such identified patients were sorted according to year of birth. Plotting the cumulative number of new cases per year against the year of birth resulted in a slightly S-shaped curve. Before the year 1962, the curve is relatively flat, probably due to ineffic…

Trends in infant leukaemia in West Germany in relation to in utero exposure due to Chernobyl accident.

1998

A temporary increase in the incidence of infant leukaemia in Greece was reported by Petridou et al., which was attributed to in utero exposure to ionising radiation resulting from the Chernobyl accident. We performed a similar analysis based on the data of the German Childhood Cancer Registry in order to check whether the observation could be confirmed by means of independent data. Applying the same definitions as Petridou et al., we also observed an increased incidence of infant leukaemia in a cohort of children born after the Chernobyl accident. More detailed analyses, regarding areas with different contamination levels and dose rate gradients over time after the accident, showed, however…

Wilms tumours diagnosed by routine physical examinations.

1988

Sir: The prognosis of stage I and -II Wilms tumours with favourable histology is good, reaching 97% (stage I) and 92% (stage II) 5 year disease-free survival rates [1]. With these figures in mind the question arises whether the overall prognosis of Wilms tumours could be improved by presymptomatic routine physical examinations in an attempt to avoid stage III to V primary diagnoses. In the Federal Republic of Germany six routine physical examinations (RPE) are offered to infants, and two additional ones to children between 12 and 48 months. The 1980-1987 German Wilms tumour study [1] listed 313 patients, 29 of whom (9%) were diagnosed by such routine examinations. As shown in Table 1, the R…

Problems of the Continental Permian in the Federal Republic of Germany

1976

The occurrences of Continental Permian in the Federal Republic of Germany are generally well understood but some problems remain. These are outlined and discussed in the present paper.

The Baltic Historians of Pedagogy and the International Standing Conference for the History of Education

2014

ISCHE, which is the leading organization in the field of history of education in the world, was founded in 1979 in Leuven, Belgium. The initiators to establish the organization were scholars mainly from Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany and the UK. The “socialist block” in this first meeting was represented by Poles and Hungarians. In the later years, the conference was organized annually in a different country sometimes gathering tens and even hundreds of participants (Luth, n.d.). The first president of ISCHE was a fascinating personality, British lord and communist, one of the most outstanding historians of education in the 20th century Brian Simon (1915–2002) (see McCulloch, 2011…

Menneisyydellä politikointia

2008

Applied Mathematics versus Fluid Dynamics

2018

This paper investigates scientific, institutional, and political conflict and collaboration between two different disciplines in the first part of the 20th century: applied mathematics and fluid dynamics. It argues for the catalytic role of Richard von Mises (1883–1953) in this process and analyzes the reasons for von Mises’s considerable fame in the former and limited posthumous reputation in the latter field. I argue that von Mises’s contributions to fluid dynamics and aerodynamics suffered chiefly from two somewhat interconnected deficiencies compared to the work of his principal competitors. There was, on the one hand, von Mises’s methodological preference for applied mathematics as opp…

‘Dead men walking?’ Party identification in Germany, 1977–2002

2006

Abstract Scholars engaged in the discourse on ‘Parteienverdrossenheit’ claim that a breakdown of party attachments in West Germany occurred during the early 1990s. Employing data from a series of monthly polls that were conducted from 1977 to 2002, this paper demonstrates that the notion of such a rapid decline is wrong. Rather than being swept away by political crises, party identification declines slowly and fairly constantly over time, which is in line with theories of a secular dealignment. Furthermore, it can be shown that this dealignment is driven by a weakening of traditional social ties, while cognitive mobilization and change in the composition of the society have no effect on par…