Search results for " Glutathione"

showing 10 items of 37 documents

Alcoholic Beverage and Meal Choices for the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases: A Randomized Nutrigenomic Trial

2018

Background. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the first cause of death worldwide. Mediterranean diet may play a crucial role in the prevention of NCDs, and the presence of wine in this diet could play a positive role on health. Methods. 54 healthy volunteers consumed one of the following beverages: red (RW) or white wine (WW), vodka (VDK), and/or Mediterranean meal (MeDM) and high-fat meal (HFM). Results. OxLDL-C changed significantly between baseline versus HFM, MeDM versus HFM, and HFM versus HFM + RW (p<0.05). Significant upregulation of catalase (CAT) was observed only after RW. Conversely, WW, VDK, RW + MeDM, HF + WW, and HF + VDK determined a significant downregulation of CAT gen…

Male0301 basic medicineAgingGPX1AntioxidantMediterranean dietmedicine.medical_treatmentWineMediterranean030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyDiet Mediterraneanmedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryAntioxidantsNutrigenomicsGlutathione Peroxidase GPX10302 clinical medicineSettore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche Applicatechemistry.chemical_classificationMeallcsh:CytologyAlcoholic BeveragesGlutathione peroxidaseGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCatalaseLipoproteins LDLAdolescent; Adult; Aged; Antioxidants; Catalase; Diet High-Fat; Diet Mediterranean; Ethanol; Female; Glutathione Peroxidase; Humans; Lipoproteins LDL; Male; Middle Aged; Noncommunicable Diseases; Nutrigenomics; Oxidative Stress; Superoxide Dismutase; Young Adult; Alcoholic Beverages; Wine; Biochemistry; Aging; Cell BiologyFemaleResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentArticle SubjectLipoproteinsSOD2Diet High-FatLDLYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumanslcsh:QH573-671Noncommunicable DiseasesAgedGlutathione PeroxidaseEthanolSuperoxide Dismutasebusiness.industryCell BiologyDietHigh-FatOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologychemistryWhite WinebusinessOxidative stressOxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
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Effects of polymorphisms in vitamin E-, vitamin C-, and glutathione peroxidase-related genes on serum biomarkers and associations with glaucoma.

2012

Purpose To study the association of selected polymorphism in genes related to vitamin E, vitamin C, and glutathione peroxidase with these biomarkers and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) risk. Methods A case-control study matched for age, sex, and bodyweight was undertaken. Two hundred fifty POAG cases and 250 controls were recruited from a Mediterranean population. Plasma concentrations of vitamin C, vitamin E, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were measured. We analyzed the polymorphisms rs1279683 in the Na+-dependent L-ascorbic acid transporter 2 (SLC23A2) gene, rs6994076 in the tocopherol alpha transfer protein (TTPA) gene, rs737723 in the tocopherol-associated protein (SEC14L2…

MaleGlutathione PeroxidasePolymorphism Geneticgenetic structuresLipoproteinsEpistasis GeneticAscorbic AcidMiddle AgedPhospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione PeroxidasePolymorphism Single Nucleotideeye diseasesRisk FactorsCase-Control StudiesTrans-ActivatorsHumansVitamin EFemaleCarrier ProteinsSodium-Coupled Vitamin C TransportersBiomarkersGenetic Association StudiesGlaucoma Open-AngleAgedResearch ArticleMolecular vision
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Cigarette smoking affects specific sperm oxidative defenses but does not cause oxidative DNA damage in infertile men

2008

Objective To evaluate the effects of tobacco consumption on the oxidative defenses of sperm, the glutathione system (GS), and sperm DNA oxidation. Design Double-blind experimental study. Setting Andrology laboratory in a university-affiliated private setting. Patient(s) One hundred seventeen semen samples from infertile males. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) (a) sperm GS enzymatic activity with respect to glutathione peroxidase isoforms GPx-1 and GPx-4, glutathione reductase (GR), and cellular glutathione (GSH) content (n = 29); (b) GPx-1, GPx-4, and GR m RNA expression analysis (n = 33); (c) oxidative DNA damage quantification using OXIDNA assay kit (n = 55). Two groups were …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAntioxidantDNA damagemedicine.medical_treatmentGlutathione reductaseBiologymedicine.disease_causeGene Expression Regulation Enzymologicchemistry.chemical_compoundGlutathione Peroxidase GPX1Internal medicinemedicineHumansRNA MessengerPhospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidaseInfertility Malechemistry.chemical_classificationGlutathione PeroxidaseGlutathione peroxidaseSmokingObstetrics and GynecologyGlutathionePhospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione PeroxidaseGlutathioneSpermatozoaSpermOxidative StressGlutathione ReductaseEndocrinologyReproductive MedicinechemistryOxidative stressDNA DamageFertility and Sterility
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Blood levels of homocysteine, cysteine, glutathione, folic acid, and vitamin B12 in the acute phase of atherothrombotic stroke.

2009

Blood levels of total homocysteine (tHcy), cysteine (Cys), total and reduced glutathione (tGSH and rGSH), folic acid (FA), and vitamin B(12) (B(12) change during ischemic stroke as accompaniment of the tissue damage. The relationship between these changes remains scantly investigated. We evaluated the variation of these molecules in the 48 h after acute large artery atherothrombotic stroke (LAAS) and searched for the presence of matched variation of them. The study involved 50 subjects affected by acute LAAS and 49 healthy controls. Plasma levels of tHcy and Cys were significantly higher and serum levels of FA and B(12) and plasma levels of rGSH were significantly lower in the patients than…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyLarge artery atherothrombotic strokeHomocysteineAtherothrombotic strokeHyperhomocysteinemiaDermatologyBrain Ischemiachemistry.chemical_compoundFolic AcidRisk FactorsSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaInternal medicinemedicineHumansVitamin B12CysteineVitamin B(12)HomocysteineAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryLarge arteryGeneral MedicineGlutathionePlasma levelsVitaminsMiddle AgedGlutathioneReduced glutathioneStrokePsychiatry and Mental healthVitamin B 12EndocrinologychemistryFolic acidBiochemistryAcute DiseaseSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemaleNeurology (clinical)Intracranial ThrombosisbusinessCysteineNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
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Redox signaling in acute pancreatitis

2015

Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreatic gland that eventually may lead to a severe systemic inflammatory response. A key event in pancreatic damage is the intracellular activation of NF-κB and zymogens, involving also calcium, cathepsins, pH disorders, autophagy, and cell death, particularly necrosis. This review focuses on the new role of redox signaling in acute pancreatitis. Oxidative stress and redox status are involved in the onset of acute pancreatitis and also in the development of the systemic inflammatory response, being glutathione depletion, xanthine oxidase activation, and thiol oxidation in proteins critical features of the disease in the pancreas. On th…

NecrosisGSH reduced glutathioneSTAT3 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinasesClinical BiochemistryCCK cholecystokininTRAFs TNF receptor associated factorsReview ArticleIκB kinasePharmacologymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistrySHP small heterodimer partnerSTIM1 stromal interaction molecule 1chemistry.chemical_compoundHATs histone acetyltransferasesMedicineASK1GCL glutamate cysteine ligaseTNF-α tumor necrosis factor alphaIKK IκB kinaseNOS nitric oxide synthaseAcute inflammationHIF hypoxia inducible factorlcsh:QH301-705.5NF-κB nuclear factor kappa BDAMPs damage-associated molecular pattern moleculeslcsh:R5-920biologyGSSG oxidized glutathioneNF-kappa BNLRs nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) like receptorsTRADD tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain proteinTRPC3 transient receptor potential channel 3VEGF vascular endothelial growth factorGlutathioneTNFR tumor necrosis factor receptorHMGB1 high-mobility group Box 1 proteinIP3R inositol 145-trisphosphate receptor type 3VCAM-1 Vascular Cell adhesion protein 1Acute DiseaseJNK c-Jun N-terminal kinaseAcute pancreatitisTLRs toll-like receptorsmedicine.symptomlcsh:Medicine (General)Oxidation-ReductionAP-1 activator protein-1Signal TransductionmRNA messenger ribonucleic acidHMGB1ASC apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a carboxy-terminal CARDRNS reactive nitrogen speciesPTPs protein tyrosine phosphatasesROS reactive oxygen speciesNADH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotidepHe extracellular pHFAEE fatty acid ethyl estersAP acute pancreatitisHumansXanthine oxidaseCBP CREB-binding proteinRyR endoplasmic reticulum membrane ryanodine receptorsMDA malondialdehydeNO nitric oxideXO xanthine oxidaseASK1 apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1business.industryOrganic ChemistryAutophagyNADPH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateHDACs histone deacetylasesmedicine.diseaseCARS compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndromeXDH xanthine dehydrogenaseIL interleukinIκB inhibitor of kappa BAcute pancreatitisETC Electron transport chainPancreatitisMKPs MAPK phosphatasesSAP severe acute pancreatitischemistrylcsh:Biology (General)DTT dithiothreitolOxidative stressNAC N-acetyl cysteineImmunologybiology.proteinCalciumLysosomesReactive Oxygen SpeciesbusinessMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinaseOxidative stressERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographyRedox Biology
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Pharmacokinetic and metabolism determinants of fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin activity in treatment of colorectal patients

2011

Fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin continued to be the mainstay of therapeutic regimens in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). For this reason, pharmacokinetic and metabolism of these drugs were analyzed and the identification of accurate and validated predictive, prognostic and toxicity markers became necessary to develop an effective therapy adapted to the patient's molecular profile, while minimizing life-threatening toxicities. In this review, we discuss literature data, defining predictive and prognostic markers actually identified in the treatment of CRC. We analyzed predictive markers of fluoropyrimidines effectiveness, principally for 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and also for oral flu…

Oncologymedicine.medical_specialtyOrganoplatinum CompoundsColorectal cancerSettore MED/06 - Oncologia Medica5-FluorouracilPredictive markerClinical BiochemistryAntineoplastic AgentsPharmacologyThymidylate synthaseXRCC1Internal medicinemedicineDihydropyrimidine dehydrogenaseBiomarkers TumorHumans5-Fluorouracil; Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase; Glutathione S-transferase; Nucleotide excision repair; Oxaliplatin; Predictive marker; Thymidylate Synthase; Toxicity marker; Pharmacology; Clinical BiochemistryPharmacologyPredictive markerbiologyMicrosatellite instabilityThymidylate Synthasemedicine.diseaseToxicity markerOxaliplatinGlutathione S-transferaseOxaliplatinNucleotide excision repairPyrimidinesbiology.proteinERCC1Colorectal NeoplasmsDihydropyrimidine dehydrogenasemedicine.drug
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Age-dependent regulation of antioxidant genes by p38α MAPK in the liver

2018

p38α is a redox sensitive MAPK activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental, genotoxic and endoplasmic reticulum stresses. The aim of this work was to assess whether p38α controls the antioxidant defense in the liver, and if so, to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved and the age-related changes. For this purpose, we used liver-specific p38α-deficient mice at two different ages: young-mice (4 months-old) and old-mice (24 months-old). The liver of young p38α knock-out mice exhibited a decrease in GSH levels and an increase in GSSG/GSH ratio and malondialdehyde levels. However, old mice deficient in p38α had higher hepatic GSH levels and lower GSSG/GSH ratio than young p38α knock-…

ROS Reactive oxygen species;RSK1 Ribosomal S6 kinase10301 basic medicineMAPK/ERK pathwayAgingHPLC High-performance liquid chromatographyAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentTBP TATA-binding proteinClinical BiochemistryDEN Diethyl nitrosamine;MKP-1 MAPK phosphatase-1IκB kinaseGCLc Glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunitp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesG6PDH Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenaseBiochemistryAntioxidantsMicechemistry.chemical_compoundSuperoxide Dismutase-1Akt Protein kinase B0302 clinical medicineNrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2IL InterleukinSOD1 Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutaselcsh:QH301-705.5Mice KnockoutMK2 MAP-activated protein kinase 2;PGC-1α Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alphachemistry.chemical_classificationlcsh:R5-920Trx ThioredoxinGlutathione DisulfideTNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-alphabiologyLPS Lipopolysaccharide;GSSG Oxidized glutathione;MEF Mouse embryonic fibroblastsNF-kappa BGstm1 Glutathione S-transferase mu 1CatalaseEndoplasmic Reticulum StressGlutathioneLiverGSH Reduced glutathione;Catalase030220 oncology & carcinogenesisJNK c-Jun N-terminal kinaselcsh:Medicine (General)Research Papermedicine.medical_specialtyNF-E2-Related Factor 2Glutamate-Cysteine LigaseMKK MAPK kinaseAP-1 Activator protein-1IKK IƙB KinaseGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicSuperoxide dismutase03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineGlutamate cysteine ligaseEGFR Epidermal growth factor receptormedicineAnimalsNuclear factor ƙBAnd catalaseChIP Chromatin immunoprecipitation;Protein kinase BNF-ƙB Nuclear factor kappa BSuperoxide DismutaseSuperoxide dismutase 1Superoxide dismutase 2Organic ChemistryGlutathioneASK1 Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1ATF2 activating transcription factor 2;030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyEnzymeHsp Heat shock proteinlcsh:Biology (General)chemistrybiology.proteinSOD2 Mn-superoxide dismutaseMAPK mitogen activated protein kinaseNEM N-ethyl maleimide;Redox Biology
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Detoxication of carcinogenic fjord-region diol epoxides of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by glutathione transferase P1-1 variants and glutathione.

1998

AbstractEpidemiological studies suggest that individuals differing in the expression of allelic variants of the human glutathione transferase (GST) Pi gene differ in susceptibility to chemical carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). This study reports the catalytic efficiencies (kcat/Km) of two naturally occurring variants, GSTP1-1/I-105 and GSTP1-1/V-105, towards a series of fjord-region diol epoxides representing potent biologically active PAH metabolites, and two GSTP1-1 mutants with Ala105 and Trp105 in the active site. The results indicate that individuals who are homozygous for the allele encoding GSTP1-1/V-105 might be more susceptible to PAH carcinogenesis due to…

StereochemistryCarcinogenesisMutantBiophysicsPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonurologic and male genital diseasesBiochemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipStructural BiologyGeneticspolycyclic compoundsStructure–activity relationshipHumansGlutathione conjugationPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsMolecular BiologyGeneneoplasmsCarcinogenGlutathione Transferasechemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyMolecular StructureChemistryActive siteGenetic VariationBiological activityCell BiologyGlutathioneGlutathioneFjord regionPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonKineticsBiochemistryDiol epoxideHuman glutathione transferase P1-1Inactivation Metabolicbiology.proteinCarcinogensFEBS letters
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New Biodegradable Hydrogels Based on Inulin and α,β-Polyaspartylhydrazide Designed for Colonic Drug Delivery: In Vitro Release of Glutathione and Oxy…

2010

Succinic derivatives of inulin (INU-SA) with two different degrees of derivatization (20% and 30%, mol/mol) were cross-linked with α,β-polyaspartylhydrazide (PAHy) to obtain INUPAHy hydrogels. Cross-linking was performed using N-ethyl-N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (NHSS) as coupling agents and by varying the reaction time (4 h, 8 h and 24 h). All samples prepared were characterized by FT-IR analysis and swelling measurements in different media. In vitro assays, performed in the presence of inulinase, demonstrated the degradability of the prepared hydrogels. Cell compatibility was evaluated using Caco-2 cells through both direct and …

Time FactorsMaterials scienceCell SurvivalColonPolymersInulinBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsSuccinimidesBioengineeringOxytocinBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsMaterials TestingSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredmedicineHumanshydrogels inulin DDS Release glutathione OxytocinDerivatizationChromatography High Pressure LiquidBiodegradable hydrogelsChromatographyMolecular StructureHydrolysisInulinMucinsHydrogelsGlutathioneHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationInflammatory Bowel DiseasesGlutathioneIn vitroCarbodiimideschemistryBiochemistryOxytocinSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoDrug deliverySelf-healing hydrogelsCaco-2 CellsPeptidesDimethylaminesmedicine.drug
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Improving the Aromatic Profiles of Catarratto Wines: Impact of Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Glutathione-Rich Inactivated Yeasts

2023

Catarratto is one of the most widely cultivated grape varieties in Sicily. It is an indigenous non-aromatic white grape variety. Despite its widespread use in winemaking, knowledge of the aroma and chemical and microbiological properties of Catarratto wines is quite limited. The influence of Metschnikowia pulcherrima combined with Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the aromatic expression of Catarratto wines was investigated with and without the addition of glutathione-rich inactivated yeast. The substance is a natural specific inactivated yeast with a guaranteed glutathione level used to limit oxidative processes. The aromatic profiles of the final wines were determined through analysis of the vo…

alcoholic fermentationPhysiologyClinical Biochemistry<i>Metschnikowia pulcherrima</i>VOC’swine aromaCell Biologyalcoholic fermentation Catarratto grape variety glutathione Metschnikowia pulcherrima VOC’s wine aromaglutathioneCatarratto grape varietyMolecular BiologyBiochemistry
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