Search results for " Hepatitis B"

showing 10 items of 52 documents

Changing aetiological factors of hepatocellular carcinoma and their potential impact on the effectiveness of surveillance

2011

BACKGROUND: The aetiological factors of hepatocellular carcinoma may vary over time. AIMS: The study assessed the potential impact of the aetiological factors on the effectiveness of surveillance in real-world patients. METHODS: Multicentre, cross-sectional study enrolling consecutive hepatocellular carcinoma cases during a six month period. RESULTS: 1733 cases (1311 prevalent and 422 incident) were recruited (mean age 68.6 years; 46.1% cases over 70 years; 73.9% males; 95.3% with cirrhosis); 63.0% were hepatitis C virus positive and 23.7% were virus negative. Amongst incident HCCs, 34.5% were single ≤3cm and 54.4% met the Milan criteria; 61.6% were diagnosed during surveillance; virus nega…

Liver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularEpidemiologyHepatocellular carcinomaCross-sectional studyCancer stageCancer stage; Epidemiology; Hepatitis; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Surveillance; Age Distribution; Aged; Carcinoma Hepatocellular; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis C Antibodies; Humans; Incidence; Italy; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Prevalence; Ultrasonography; Population Surveillance; Hepatology; GastroenterologyMilan criteriaHepatitisAge DistributionInternal medicineEpidemiologyPrevalenceCarcinomaHumansMedicineHCCAgedUltrasonographyHepatitisHepatitis B Surface AntigensSurveillanceHepatologybusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)CarcinomaLiver NeoplasmsCancer stage Epidemiology Hepatitis Hepatocellular carcinoma SurveillanceGastroenterologyHepatocellularHepatitis C AntibodiesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseETIOLOGYSurgeryCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsItalyHepatitis C Virus PositivePopulation SurveillanceHepatocellular carcinomaMultivariate AnalysisSURBVEILLANCEFemalebusiness
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Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: update of the recommendations from the 2007 Italian Workshop

2011

Abstract The Italian recommendations for the therapy of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related disease were issued in 2008. Subsequently in 2008 the nucleotide analogue (NA) Tenofovir was approved for antiviral treatment. The introduction of this important new drug has called for the current guidelines update, which includes some additional revisions: (a) the indication for therapy is extended to mild liver fibrosis and the indication for treatment is graded as “possible”, “optional” or “mandatory” according to the fibrosis stage; (b) two different treatment strategies are described: first line definite duration treatment with interferon, long-term treatment of indefinite duration with NA; (c) the…

Liver Cirrhosismedicine.medical_specialtyHepatitis B virusCirrhosisCarcinoma HepatocellularOrganophosphonateschronic hepatitis B The Italian recommendations for the therapy of hepatitis B Tenofovir Adefovir Cirrhosis Telbivudine Lamivudine Entecavirmedicine.disease_causeAntiviral Agentsadefovir; cirrhosis; entecavir; hbv; lamivudine; telbivudine; tenofovirHepatitis B ChronicInternal medicineTelbivudinemedicineAdefovirHBVHumansStage (cooking)TenofovirHepatitis B virusHepatologybusiness.industryAdenineLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyLamivudineEntecavirmedicine.diseaseVirologyItalyHepatocellular carcinomaReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsInterferonsbusinessmedicine.drug
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Occult hepatitis B virus infection

2000

Many studies have shown that hepatitis B virus infection may also occur in hepatitis B surface antigen-negative patients. This occult infection has been identified both in patients with cryptogenic liver disease and in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic hepatitis, and much evidence suggests that it may be a risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma development. However several aspects of this occult infection remain unclear such as its prevalence and the factor(s) involved in the lack of circulating hepatitis B surface antigen. Moreover, it is uncertain whether the occult hepatitis B virus infection may contribute to chronic liver damage, considering that it is usually associated…

MaleACUTE VIRAL-HEPATITISPOSTTRANSFUSION HEPATITISHBV SURFACE-ANTIGENComorbidityHBV genome HBsAg-negative liver DNA liver diseasemedicine.disease_causeSeverity of Illness IndexSEROLOGICAL MARKERS; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; POSTTRANSFUSION HEPATITIS; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; HBV SURFACE-ANTIGEN; ACUTE VIRAL-HEPATITIS; CHRONIC LIVER-DISEASE; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; occult hepatitis B virus infectionLiver diseaseCHRONIC LIVER-DISEASEHEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMAChronic/diagnosis* Hepatitis BDifferential Disease Progression Female Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis* Hepatitis Bhbsag-negative; hbv genome; liver disease; liver dnaIncidenceHepatocellular/diagnosis CarcinomaLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyHepatitis CHepatitis BPOLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTIONPrognosisChronic/epidemiology* Humans Incidence Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology* Male Prognosis Risk Assessment Severity of Illness IndexCarcinoma Hepatocellular/diagnosis Carcinoma Hepatocellular/epidemiology* Comorbidity DNA Viral/analysis Diagnosis Differential Disease Progression Female Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis* Hepatitis B Chronic/diagnosis* Hepatitis B Chronic/epidemiology* Humans Incidence Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology* Male Prognosis Risk Assessment Severity of Illness IndexHepatocellular carcinomaDisease Progressionhbv genomeFemaleliver diseaseCarcinoma HepatocellularTRANSPLANT RECIPIENTSRisk AssessmentDiagnosis Differentialoccult hepatitis B virus infectionHepatitis B ChronicViral/analysis DiagnosismedicineHumansRisk factorHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologybusiness.industryCarcinomaHEPATITIS C VIRUShbsag-negativeliver dnamedicine.diseaseOccultVirologyHepatocellular/epidemiology* Comorbidity DNASEROLOGICAL MARKERSViral replicationImmunologyDNA Viralbusiness
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Treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate or entecavir in chronic hepatitis B virus-infected patients with renal impairment: results from a 7-year…

2020

BackgroundLimited data exist regarding tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) safety and effectiveness in chronic hepatitis B virus-infected (CHB) patients with renal impairment (RI).AimsTo compare real-world data on renal safety and effectiveness of TDF vs entecavir (ETV) in CHB patients with moderate-to-severe RI.MethodsRetrospective, non-interventional, cohort study analysing medical records for TDF/ETV-treated CHB patients (54 European centres). Included patients experienced moderate-to-severe RI (creatinine clearance 20-60 mL/min [Cockcroft-Gault]) either before TDF/ETV initiation ('before' subgroup [baseline = treatment initiation]) or after TDF/ETV initiation ('after' subgroup [baseline…

MaleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyGuanineTenofovirMEDLINEAntiviral AgentsVirus03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineHepatitis B ChronicRetrospective StudieInternal medicine80 and overHBVMedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineRenal InsufficiencyYoung adultAdult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Antiviral Agents; Female; Guanine; Hepatitis B Chronic; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Insufficiency; Retrospective Studies; Tenofovir; Treatment Outcome; Young AdultChronicTenofovirAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overAntiviral AgentHepatologybusiness.industryGastroenterologyvirus diseasesRetrospective cohort studyEntecavirHepatitis BMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHepatitis BTreatment OutcomeCohort030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemalebusinessmedicine.drugHuman
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Long-term pertussis-specific immunity after primary vaccination with a combined diphtheria, tetanus, tricomponent acellular pertussis, and hepatitis …

2001

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare pertussis-specific humoral and cellular immunity in children 5 years after a primary vaccination with a combined diphtheria, tetanus, tricomponent acellular pertussis, and hepatitis B vaccine (DTaP-HBV; InfanrixHepB; SmithKline Beecham) with immunity after natural infection. The subjects were 38 children aged 5 to 6 years who received DTaP-HBV at 3, 5, and 11 months of life and 21 subjects of similar ages and sex who acquired pertussis in the first year of life. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titers against Bordetella pertussis antigens, peripheral blood mononuclear cell-specific proliferation, and the secretion of cytokines were evaluated. Aft…

MaleBordetella pertussisCellular immunityTime FactorsHepatitis B vaccineWhooping CoughImmunologyMicrobiologyBordetella pertussisAntibodiesInterferon-gammaImmunitymedicineHumansHepatitis B VaccinesSingle-Blind MethodVaccines CombinedLymphocytesChildPreschoolDiphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis VaccineWhooping coughHaemophilus VaccinesVaccinesbiologyVaccines; Combined; Interferon-gamma; Humans; Whooping Cough; Hepatitis B Vaccines; Child; Lymphocytes; Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; Vaccination; Preschool; Bordetella pertussis; Single-Blind Method; Interleukin-2; Antibodies; Bacterial; Haemophilus Vaccines; Interleukin-4; Interleukin-5; Time Factors; Male; Female; Cell DivisionCombinedTetanusbusiness.industryDiphtheriaCELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITYVaccinationBacterialbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseAntibodies BacterialVirologyVaccinationInfectious DiseasesChild PreschoolMicrobial Immunity and VaccinesImmunologyInterleukin-2FemaleParasitologyInterleukin-4Interleukin-5businessCell Division
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Epidemiological and clinical scenario of chronic liver diseases in Italy: Data from a multicenter nationwide survey

2016

The last Italian prevalence survey on chronic liver diseases (CLD) was performed in 2001. The present study evaluated the changes occurring over thirteen years. Background The last Italian prevalence survey on chronic liver diseases (CLD) was performed in 2001. The present study evaluated the changes occurring over thirteen years. Methods We enrolled 2,557 CLD consecutive patients in 16 Italian liver units in 2014. Results HBV etiology accounted for 513 (20.2%) cases, alone in 439 and associated with HCV and/or alcohol abuse in 74. Of these 513, 11.9% were anti-HDV-positive and 7.2% HBeAg-positive. HCV alone was responsible for 50.3% of CLD and with alcohol abuse for 5.9%. HCV RNA was detec…

MaleCirrhosisAlcohol abuseGastroenterology0302 clinical medicineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseSurveys and QuestionnairesEpidemiologyOutpatients80 and overSurveys and QuestionnaireChronic hepatitis; Chronic liver diseases; HCC; Liver cirrhosis; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Alcoholism; Carcinoma Hepatocellular; Female; Genotype; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Humans; Inpatients; Italy; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Outpatients; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Adult; Hepatology; Gastroenterology030212 general & internal medicineYoung adultHCCChronic liver diseasesChronic hepatitisAged 80 and overMedicine (all)Liver NeoplasmsChronic liver diseaseGastroenterologyvirus diseasesOutpatientHepatitis CHepatitis BMiddle AgedHepatitis BHepatitis CAlcoholismItalyLiver Neoplasm030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleInpatientHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularAdolescentGenotypeLiver CirrhosiChronic hepatitis; Chronic liver diseases; HCC; Liver cirrhosis; Medicine (all); Hepatology; Gastroenterology03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultInternal medicinemedicineHumansAgedInpatientsHepatologybusiness.industryCarcinomaHepatocellularHepatologymedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesLiver cirrhosisEtiologyChronic hepatitibusiness
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Characteristics of liver cirrhosis in Italy: Evidence for a decreasing role of HCV aetiology

2017

Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection had been the main agent associated with liver cirrhosis in Italy. Abstract BACKGROUND: Previous cross-sectional studies have shown that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection had been the main agent associated with liver cirrhosis in Italy. AIM: To assess epidemiological, laboratory and clinical features of liver cirrhosis in Italy in 2014. PATIENTS: Out of the 2557 consecutive subjects evaluated in 16 hospitals located throughout Italy in 2014, 832 (32.6%) had liver cirrhosis and were enrolled in this study. RESULTS: The mean age of subjects was 60.3years, with a male/female ratio of 1.7; 74.9% of cases had Child…

MaleCirrhosisSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaAlcohol abuseAlcohol abuse; HBV; HCV; Liver cirrhosis; Liver cirrhosis epidemiology; Internal Medicinemedicine.disease_causeGastroenterology0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsEpidemiologyHBV030212 general & internal medicineLiver Neoplasmsvirus diseasesMiddle AgedHepatitis BHepatitis CAlcoholismItalyLiver NeoplasmHepatocellular carcinomaHCV030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyAlcohol abuse; HBV; HCV; Liver cirrhosis; Liver cirrhosis epidemiology; Aged; Alcoholism; Carcinoma Hepatocellular; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Humans; Italy; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Internal MedicineFemaleHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularHepatitis C virusLiver CirrhosiAlcohol abuseLiver cirrhosis epidemiology03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineInternal MedicineHumansDecompensationAgedHepatitis B virusCross-Sectional Studiebusiness.industryRisk FactorCarcinomaHepatocellularmedicine.diseaseCross-Sectional StudiesLiver cirrhosisEtiologybusiness
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Hepatitis B virus maintains its pro-oncogenic properties in the case of occult HBV infection.

2003

Background & Aims: Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is characterized by persistence of HBV DNA into the tissue of hepatitis B surface antigen-negative individuals. The clinical relevance of this peculiar infection is still under debate. In particular, the impact of occult HBV infection in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is uncertain. We investigated the prevalence and molecular status of occult HBV in patients with HCC. Methods: We tested tumor tissues from 107 patients with HCC and the corresponding nontumor liver tissue from 72 of these patients for HBV DNA. We also examined liver specimens from 192 patients with chronic hepatitis. All cases were hepatitis B surface antige…

MaleHBV; HCC; occultHepatitis B virusCarcinoma HepatocellularOCCULT HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION; HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA; HBV DNA; TUNOR AND NONTUMOR LIVER TISSUES; HBV TRANSCRIPTS; HBV COVALENTLY CLOSED CIRCULAR DNA; INTEGRATED AND EPISOMAL HBV DNATranscription GeneticOCCULT HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTIONHBV TRANSCRIPTSGenome ViralBiologyVirus Replicationmedicine.disease_causeChronic liver diseaseHepatitis B ChronicmedicineCarcinomaHBVHumansHEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMATUNOR AND NONTUMOR LIVER TISSUESHCCAgedHepatitis B virusHepatologyINTEGRATED AND EPISOMAL HBV DNALiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyvirus diseasescccDNAMiddle AgedHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseOccultVirologydigestive system diseaseshepatitis B surface antigenLiverViral replicationHBV DNAoccultHepatocellular carcinomaDNA ViralImmunologyFemaleHBV COVALENTLY CLOSED CIRCULAR DNAInfection OBI
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Add-on peginterferon alfa-2a to nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy for Caucasian patients with hepatitis B ‘e’ antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B genot…

2019

Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) and peginterferon have complementary effects in chronic hepatitis B, but it is unclear whether combination therapy improves responses in genotype D-infected patients. We conducted an open-label study of peginterferon alfa-2a 180 μg/week added to ongoing NA therapy in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative, genotype D-infected patients with HBV DNA <20 IU/mL. The primary endpoint was proportion of patients with ≥50% decline in serum HBsAg by the end of the 48-week add-on phase. Seventy patients received treatment, 11 were withdrawn at week 24 for no decrease in HBsAg, and 14 withdrew for other reasons. Response rate (per-protocol population) was 67.4% (29/43) at…

MaleHBsAgGastroenterologyPolyethylene Glycolschronic hepatitis B; HBeAg-negative; nucleos(t)ide analogues; peginterferon; treatment; Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology0302 clinical medicineInterferonGenotypeHBVHepatitis B e Antigenspeginterferonchronic hepatitis b; hbeag-negative; nucleos(t)ide analogues; peginterferon; treatment; adult; antiviral agents; drug administration schedule; drug therapy combination; female; genotype; hepatitis b e antigens; hepatitis b virus; hepatitis b chronic; humans; interferon-alpha; male; middle aged; nucleosides; polyethylene glycols; recombinant proteins; treatment outcomeeducation.field_of_studytreatmentnucleos(t)ide analoguesvirus diseasesNucleosidesMiddle AgedRecombinant ProteinsTreatment OutcomeInfectious Diseasesnucleos(t)ide analogueHBeAg030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDrug Therapy CombinationFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyPeginterferon alfa-2amedicine.drugAdultHepatitis B virusmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeCombination therapyPopulationHBeAg-negativeInfectious DiseaseHBeAg-negative; chronic hepatitis B; nucleos(t)ide analogues; peginterferon; treatmentchronic hepatitis B; HBeAg-negative; nucleos(t)ide analogues; peginterferon; treatmentAntiviral AgentsDrug Administration Schedule03 medical and health sciencesHepatitis B ChronicInternal medicineVirologymedicineHumanschronic hepatitis BeducationHepatologybusiness.industryInterferon-alphaConfidence intervalbusiness
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Evolving clinical landscape of chronic hepatitis B: A multicenter Italian study

2009

The aim of the study was to evaluate the characteristics of chronic hepatitis B with special reference to the geographical origin of the patients and to the prevalence of HBeAg and viral and non-viral co-factors of liver disease. A cross-sectional multicenter survey was undertaken, which enrolled 1,386 HBsAg chronic carriers observed consecutively in 21 referral centers over a 6-month period. The prevalence of HBeAg in patients was 11%; the presence of HBeAg was associated independently with a younger age and co-infection with HIV. Anti-HDV, anti-HCV, or anti-HIV antibodies were detected in 8.1%, 6.5%, and 2%, respectively. However, among the patients first diagnosed during the study period…

MaleHBsAgvirusesHIV InfectionsAntibodies ViralHBeAgHepatitisLiver diseaseCHRONIC HEPATITIS B; HBsAg; epidemiology; GEOGRAPHICAL LANDSCAPEHBsAg0302 clinical medicine80 and overPrevalenceViralChronicAged 80 and over0303 health sciencesGeographyAge Factorsvirus diseasesHepatitis CHepatitis BMiddle AgedHepatitis BHepatitis D3. Good healthInfectious DiseasesHBeAgCirrhosisItalyMedicineepidemiology030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleHepatitis D virusHumanAdultHepatitis Viral HumanAdolescentCHRONIC HEPATITIS BAntibodies03 medical and health sciencesHepatitis B ChronicHDVVirologyCirrhosis HBeAg HDV Hepatitis B Adolescent Adult Age Factors Aged Aged 80 and over Antibodies Viral Cross-Sectional Studies Female Geography HIV HIV Infections Hepatitis B Chronic Hepatitis Viral Human Humans Italy Male Middle Aged Prevalence Virology Infectious DiseasesmedicineCirrhosis; HBeAg; HDV; Hepatitis B; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Antibodies Viral; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Geography; HIV; HIV Infections; Hepatitis B Chronic; Hepatitis Viral Human; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Infectious Diseases; VirologyHumans030304 developmental biologyAgedHepatitisCirrhosibusiness.industryHIVmedicine.diseaseVirologydigestive system diseasesCross-Sectional StudiesGEOGRAPHICAL LANDSCAPEbusiness
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