Search results for " Hunger"
showing 10 items of 1330 documents
Bread aroma
2020
: This chapter will review the different synthetic pathways of bread volatiles in conventional white bread. The influence of traditional and innovative raw materials and breadmaking processes on the formation of volatiles will then be discussed. Next, extraction and analytical methods used to identify volatiles that participate in bread aroma will be presented. Volatiles that have been identified in freshly baked white bread will be listed and the ones that are potent odorants highlighted. Finally, the techniques employed by the baking industry to enhance bread aroma will be described.
Spatial and temporal stability of weed populations over five years
2000
Abstract The size, location, and variation in time of weed patches within an arable field were analyzed with the ultimate goal of simplifying weed mapping. Annual and perennial weeds were sampled yearly from 1993 to 1997 at 410 permanent grid points in a 1.3-ha no-till field sown to row crops each year. Geostatistical techniques were used to examine the data as follows: (1) spatial structure within years; (2) relationships of spatial structure to literature-derived population parameters, such as seed production and seed longevity; and (3) stability of weed patches across years. Within years, densities were more variable across crop rows and patches were elongated along rows. Aggregation of …
Relevance and feasibility of a personalized dietary intervention in older people with meals-on-wheels: a randomised controlled pilot trial
2020
International audience; Objective: The present study aimed at assessing the feasibility and the effectiveness of a personalized dietary intervention in a meals-on-wheels service through a randomized controlled pilot trial. Design: Sixty recipients of home-delivered meals (75% of women; 70-97 years old) were recruited and randomly assigned to a control and an experimental group and followed over a period of 4 months. In the experimental group, the nutritional status (Mini-Nutritional Assessment ? MNA questionnaire), the food intake and the food preferences were measured for each participant. Based on this screening, participants were provided with dietary guidance and follow-up. Those at ris…
Métabolisme sucre-citrate chez Leuconostoc mesenteroides
2001
Sugar citrate cometabolism in Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Bacteria from the genus Leuconostocplay roles in the dairy industry. The most important functions of this bacteria are their ability to produce CO 2 and flavour compounds through lactose heterofermentation and citrate uti- lization. Although the biotechnological role of the citrate metabolism is very important and widely appreciated, little is known about the genetic properties of Leuconostoc spp. In our laboratory, we cloned the genes responsible for citrate metabolism ( clyR mae citCDEFGOPcluster), for D-lactate dehydrogenase (ldhD) and for phosphotransacetylase ( pta). In addition we have planned to con- struct new vectors and we h…
Efficacy and foliar absorption of flupyrsulfuron-methyl and prosulfocarb applied alone or in mixture on Lolium multiflorum and wheat
2001
Des melanges de flupyrsulfuron-methyle et de prosulfocarbe concus pour ameliorer la lutte contre Lolium multiflorum Lam. dans le ble (Triticum aestivum L.) ont ete etudies grâce a des essais biologiques sur plantes entieres et a des etudes de penetration foliaire. Dans les essais biologiques, le flupyrsulfuron-methyle et le prosulfocarbe etaient appliques a 6-7 doses, seuls ou en melange dans les rapports 1:400, 1:40 et 1:4 (p/p). Les courbes de reponse etaient ajustees au moyen de modeles logistiques et l'action conjuguee etait evaluee par la methode des isoboles. Dans les essais biologiques conduits en serre sur L. multiflorum, l'action conjuguee des melanges montrait une additivite de do…
Effets de la corticothérapie systémique sur le métabolisme des HDL
2020
Resume La prise exogene de glucocorticoides (GC) est responsable de nombreux effets secondaires, notamment metaboliques. Les effets sur le metabolisme lipidique ne se limitent pas aux triglycerides, mais concernent egalement les HDL. Meme si les donnees disponibles sont peu nombreuses, elles montrent que les GC entrainent une augmentation des taux plasmatiques de HDL-cholesterol et de la taille des particules HDL, independante de l’effet anti-inflammatoire des GC. Les mecanismes sous-jacents a ces augmentations restent actuellement meconnus. Alors que les patients traites par GC presentent une augmentation de la morbidite cardiovasculaire et que l’alteration de la fonctionnalite des HDL est…
Biogeochemical characterization of soils affected by more than 100 years of lead mining activity.
2020
<p>Mining has an adverse effect on soil quality as it is a source of heavy metal environmental pollution with direct consequences on its ecosystem services, especially those related to microbial activity. The magnitude and diversity of the impact produced by pollution is linked to the complexity and diversity of mining processes that share the same mining area. The soil will be modified, not only in the physicochemical characteristics but also physical alterations of varied typology will occur. All these changes and alterations related to mining activity are accompanied by changes in the composition, diversity and activity of soil microorganisms..<br>A study was…
Paysage, biodiversité fonctionnelle et santé des plantes
2019
Prod 2019-217 SPE GESTAD INRA; National audience; Les milieux agricoles, tout artificiels qu’ils soient, abritent une biodiversité complexe. Ils hébergent tant des espèces qui affectent la santé des cultures (plantes adventices, insectes ravageurs, pathogènes…) que d’autres, dites auxiliaires, qui régulent ces bioagresseurs, ou des espèces pollinisatrices contribuant directement aux productions. Par leurs effets bénéfiques sur les cultures, ces espèces auxiliaires et pollinisatrices participent à une biodiversité fonctionnelle sur laquelle l’agriculture cherche de plus en plus à s’appuyer pour produire de manière durable. La gestion de la biodiversité fonctionnelle a longtemps été seulement…
Benefits of soil carbon: report on the outcomes of an international scientific committee on problems of the environment rapid assessment workshop
2014
The outcomes of the discussion in the four working sessions showed that although there is an urgent need to improve soil carbon management and stocks, and despite the existing knowledge about good agricultural practices to achieve this goal, these are not put into practice effectively and globally. The apparent contradiction has to do with a mismatch of policies at different societal and geographical scales, and the low policy profile of SOC. All participants agreed in the need to bring SOC into the core of environmental policies at all levels and to improve the governance of policy actions by addressing the stakeholders in a more effective way. Fil: Banwart, Steven. University of Sheffield…
Sodium ions in model cheeses at molecular and macroscopic levels
2011
Chapitre suite à une communication à la '10th International Conference on the Application of Magnetic Resonance in Food Science' à Clermont-Ferrand (France), 13-15 septembre 2010.; International audience; The excessive consumption of sodium is one of the causes of nutritional related-health problems. The reduction of salt content without affecting technological and sensorial properties of foodstuffs is currently a challenge for the food industry1. There is a need to develop tools to quantify the “active” sodium ions in food products at molecular and macroscopic levels to better understand the in-mouth salt release. . . In this context, methods for the quantification of the bound fraction of…