Search results for " INTERPRETATION"

showing 10 items of 555 documents

Power estimation for non-standardized multisite studies

2016

A concern for researchers planning multisite studies is that scanner and T1-weighted sequence-related biases on regional volumes could overshadow true effects, especially for studies with a heterogeneous set of scanners and sequences. Current approaches attempt to harmonize data by standardizing hardware, pulse sequences, and protocols, or by calibrating across sites using phantom-based corrections to ensure the same raw image intensities. We propose to avoid harmonization and phantom-based correction entirely. We hypothesized that the bias of estimated regional volumes is scaled between sites due to the contrast and gradient distortion differences between scanners and sequences. Given this…

Computer scienceCognitive Neurosciencecomputer.software_genreSensitivity and Specificity050105 experimental psychologyImaging phantomArticleSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDistortionImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedCalibrationmedicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSegmentationComputer Simulation10. No inequalityScalingModels Statisticalmedicine.diagnostic_test05 social sciencesContrast (statistics)BrainReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingEquipment DesignScale factorImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingUnited StatesEquipment Failure AnalysisEuropeNeurologyOrdinary least squaresData miningFunction and Dysfunction of the Nervous SystemArtifactscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithms
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Automatic skull stripping in MRI based on morphological filters and fuzzy c-means segmentation

2012

In this paper a new automatic skull stripping method for T1-weighted MR image of human brain is presented. Skull stripping is a process that allows to separate the brain from the rest of tissues. The proposed method is based on a 2D brain extraction making use of fuzzy c-means segmentation and morphological operators applied on transversal slices. The approach is extended to the 3D case, taking into account the result obtained from the preceding slice to solve the organ splitting problem. The proposed approach is compared with BET (Brain Extraction Tool) implemented in MRIcro software.

Computer scienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONSensitivity and SpecificityFuzzy logicPattern Recognition AutomatedFuzzy LogicImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansSegmentationComputer visionSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle Informazionimedicine.diagnostic_testSkull Stripping Fuzzy C-means Morphological Filters.business.industrySkullProcess (computing)BrainReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingImage segmentationImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingSubtraction TechniquePattern recognition (psychology)Skull strippingArtificial intelligenceMr imagesbusinessAlgorithms2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
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Semi-automated evaluation tool for retinal vasculopathy.

2009

The ocular fundus is the only area of human body where vascular system is visible using relatively simple instrumentation. Furthermore, there is medical suggestive evidence of a direct relationship between certain measures of vascular characteristics in the ocular fundus (arteriolar and venular calibers and focal arteriolar narrowing) and cardiovascular diseases. In order to establish such relationship on sound statistical basis a method must be provided to measure the needed values in an easy, yet precise and repeatable way. This paper presents a system to assist physicians in signaling and storing the data associated to signs of vascular deterioration and vascular calibers in non-mydriati…

Computer scienceHealth InformaticsFundus (eye)Sensitivity and SpecificityPattern Recognition AutomatedUser-Computer InterfaceRetinal DiseasesArtificial IntelligenceImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicinePhotographyHumansComputer visionInstrumentation (computer programming)Vascular DiseasesRetinoscopymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPhotographyReproducibility of ResultsRetinal Vesselseye diseasesComputer Science ApplicationsRetinal vasculopathyArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsSoftwareRetinoscopyComputer methods and programs in biomedicine
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Computational issues in fitting joint frailty models for recurrent events with an associated terminal event.

2020

Abstract Background and objective: Joint frailty regression models are intended for the analysis of recurrent event times in the presence of informative drop-outs. They have been proposed for clinical trials to estimate the effect of some treatment on the rate of recurrent heart failure hospitalisations in the presence of drop-outs due to cardiovascular death. Whereas a R-software-package for fitting joint frailty models is available, some technical issues have to be solved in order to use SASⓇ 1 software, which is required in the regulatory environment of clinical trials. Methods: First, we demonstrate how to solve these issues by deriving proper likelihood-decompositions, in particular fo…

Computer scienceHealth InformaticsMachine learningcomputer.software_genre030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineLinear regressionHumansComputer SimulationEvent (probability theory)ProbabilityProportional Hazards ModelsHeart FailureLikelihood FunctionsFrailtybusiness.industryModels CardiovascularReproducibility of ResultsRegression analysisConfidence intervalComputer Science ApplicationsHospitalizationTransformation (function)Data Interpretation StatisticalMultivariate AnalysisArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithmsSoftwareComputer methods and programs in biomedicine
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Bias artifact suppression on MR volumes.

2007

RF-Inhomogeneity correction is a relevant research topic in the field of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). A volume corrupted by this artifact exhibits nonuni- form illumination both inside a single slice and between adjacent ones. In this work a bias correction technique is presented, which suppresses this artifact on MR vol- umes scanned from different body parts without any a-priori hypothesis on the artifact model. Theoretical foundations of the method are reported together with experimental results and a comparison is presented with both the 2D version of the algorithm and other techniques that are widely used in MRI literature.

Computer scienceHealth InformaticsSensitivity and SpecificityImaging Three-DimensionalBiasImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineComputer visionRF-Inhomogeneity Bias Artifact Illumination correction MR Image Homomorphic filterSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniArtifact (error)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingComputer Science ApplicationsArtifact suppressionArtificial intelligenceMr imagesbusinessArtifactsSoftwareAlgorithmsVolume (compression)Computer methods and programs in biomedicine
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Image Inpainting Methods Evaluation and Improvement

2014

With the upgrowing of digital processing of images and film archiving, the need for assisted or unsupervised restoration required the development of a series of methods and techniques. Among them, image inpainting is maybe the most impressive and useful. Based on partial derivative equations or texture synthesis, many other hybrid techniques have been proposed recently. The need for an analytical comparison, beside the visual one, urged us to perform the studies shown in the present paper. Starting with an overview of the domain, an evaluation of the five methods was performed using a common benchmark and measuring the PSNR. Conclusions regarding the performance of the investigated algorith…

Computer scienceInpaintinglcsh:MedicineImage processingReview Articlelcsh:TechnologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyDomain (software engineering)Image (mathematics)Pattern Recognition AutomatedDigital image processingImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedImage Processing Computer-AssistedComputer visionlcsh:ScienceGeneral Environmental Sciencebusiness.industrylcsh:Tlcsh:RGeneral MedicineBenchmark (computing)Partial derivativelcsh:QArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsTexture synthesisThe Scientific World Journal
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A survey on geometrical reconstruction as a core technology to sketch-based modeling

2005

In this work, the background and evolution of three-dimensional reconstruction of line drawings during the last 30 years is discussed. A new general taxonomy is proposed to make apparent and discuss the historical evolution of geometrical reconstruction and their challenges. The evolution of geometrical reconstruction from recovering know-how stored in engineering drawings to sketch-based modeling for helping in the first steps of conceptual design purposes, and the current challenges of geometrical reconstruction are discussed too.

Computer scienceLine drawingsGeneral EngineeringPerceptual reasoningGeometrical reconstruction taxonomyGraphics recognition and interpretationComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignSketchHuman-Computer InteractionPerceptual reasoningConceptual designSketch-based modelingTaxonomy (general)Computer graphics (images)Core (graph theory)Sketch-based modelingSingle-view reconstructionMultiple-view reconstructionComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSComputers & Graphics
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Statistical geometric affinity in human brain electric activity

2007

10 pages, 9 figures.-- PACS nrs.: 87.19.La; 05.45.Tp.-- ISI Article Identifier: 000246890100105

Computer scienceModels NeurologicalNeurophysiologyElectroencephalographyInterpretation (model theory)[PACS] Time series analysis (nonlinear dynamical systems)LacunaritymedicineHumansComputer SimulationDiagnosis Computer-AssistedWakefulnessRepresentation (mathematics)ScalingEvoked PotentialsModels Statisticalmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industry[PACS] Neuroscience (higher organisms)BrainPattern recognitionElectroencephalographyNeurophysiologyAmplitudeStatistical analysisData Interpretation StatisticalBioelectric phenomenaLacunarityAffine transformationArtificial intelligenceSleep StagesbusinessSleep
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Visual knowledge processing in computer-assisted radiology: A consultation system

1992

This paper presents Visual Heuristics, a consultation system for diagnosis based on thorax radiograph recording. Visual Heuristics uses both prototypical representations of physiological and pathological states and reasoning aimed to infer conclusions from pathological or physiological conditions, establishing correspondences between pathological or physiological states and semantic descriptions of images. Images are assembled with groups of descriptors that guide the recognition process, achieving the possibility of comparisons with real images on the basis of 'expected' images. The system may be employed to generate a dynamic atlas that does not contain proper images, but generates them.

Computer scienceThoracicComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONExpert Systemscomputer.software_genreComputer-AssistedArtificial IntelligenceConsultation systemDiagnosisHumansDiagnosis Computer-AssistedArtificial Intelligence Diagnosis; Computer-Assisted; instrumentation Expert Systems Humans Radiographic Image Interpretation; instrumentation Radiography; Thoracic; instrumentation SoftwareinstrumentationObject-oriented programmingbusiness.industryComputer aidKnowledge processingProcess (computing)Radiographic Image InterpretationReal imageVisualizationRadiographyRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedRadiography ThoracicArtificial intelligenceData miningbusinessHeuristicscomputerSoftwareNatural language processing
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Morse Description and Geometric Encoding of Digital Elevation Maps

2004

Two complementary geometric structures for the topographic representation of an image are developed in this work. The first one computes a description of the Morse-topological structure of the image, while the second one computes a simplified version of its drainage structure. The topographic significance of the Morse and drainage structures of digital elevation maps (DEMs) suggests that they can been used as the basis of an efficient encoding scheme. As an application, we combine this geometric representation with an interpolation algorithm and lossless data compression schemes to develop a compression scheme for DEMs. This algorithm achieves high compression while controlling the maximum …

ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONImage processingData_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORYSensitivity and SpecificityPattern Recognition AutomatedPhysics::GeophysicsImaging Three-DimensionalCompression (functional analysis)Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedComputer SimulationComputer visionMorse theoryMathematicsLossless compressionbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsNumerical Analysis Computer-AssistedSignal Processing Computer-AssistedData CompressionImage EnhancementTopographic mapComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmAlgorithmsSoftwareData compressionImage compressionInterpolationIEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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