Search results for " Igiene"

Tracking the progressive spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in Italy, December 2021 to January 2022

2022

Background The SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron was first detected in Italy in November 2021. Aim To comprehensively describe Omicron spread in Italy in the 2 subsequent months and its impact on the overall SARS-CoV-2 circulation at population level. Methods We analyse data from four genomic surveys conducted across the country between December 2021 and January 2022. Combining genomic sequencing results with epidemiological records collated by the National Integrated Surveillance System, the Omicron reproductive number and exponential growth rate are estimated, as well as SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility. Results Omicron became dominant in Italy less than 1 month after its first detection,…

Evaluating the effect of organization and context on technical efficiency: a second-stage DEA analysis of Italian hospitals

2022

Objective: the purpose of this study was to compare the technical efficiency of Italian hospitals at a regional level and to examine if differences could be explained by organisational and contextual factors. Technical efficiency was defined as the ability of the operating units evaluated to use optimal resource levels for their level of output.Methods: the effect of external factors was explored through a second stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Efficiency scores were calculated for each hospital using the DEA method (Stage I). Through Tobit regression analysis, the estimated efficiency scores were regressed against a set of organisational and contextual characteristics beyond manager…

Blood and body fluids exposure of healthcare workers in a university hospital of Palermo, Italy: a fourteen years long surveillance.

2020

Background Healthcare workers are habitually in direct contact with patients, possible carriers of infectious diseases and with potentially infectious biological materials; therefore, the implementation of standard precautions and good working practices represent an intervention strongly recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and required by Italian law, for the prevention of professional cut wounds. The study focused on assessing the exposure frequency and factors related to biological injuries among healthcare workers in a teaching hospital in Palermo, Italy. Methods We performed a 14-years retrospective descriptive analysis on blood and body fluids exposures in he…

First case in Italy of acquired resistance to oseltamivir in an immunocompromised patient with influenza A/H1N1v infection

2010

A pandemic influenza A/H1N1v strain with the neuraminidase H274Y mutation was detected in nasal secretions of a 2-year-old leukemic patient with influenza-like illness after 18 days of treatment with oseltamivir. At baseline, no drug-resistant virus was found, while 4 days after treatment initiation a mix- ture of wild-type and mutated virus was detected. After treatment interruption, the wild type influenza virus re-emerged and became prevalent in nasal secretions after a few days, suggesting the lower fitness of the mutated virus strain. The patient slowly improved concurrently with a decrease in virus load, which resulted negative 42 days after diagnosis. No other drug-resistant influenz…

THE BIAS (BULLYING IN SICILIAN SCHOOL) PILOT STUDY: INVESTIGATING THE PREVALENCE OF BULLYING IN SCHOOL OF PALERMO CITY. A RESEARCH STUDY PROTOCOL

2017

Being a serious threat to physical and emotional health of children and adolescents all over the world, bullying in school represents an important public health issue. Since 2007, in Italy, the Ministry of Education (MIUR) has promoted activities to face and prevent bullying in schools of all levels while at the same time national and local Health Authorities have implemented effective social-health strategies. To date, the lack of consistent data needed to properly describe the concerning increase of this Public Health phenomenon prevents both the ability to systematically survey and measure the effectiveness of the public health strategies against bullying. The Bullying In Sicilian School…

RISULTATI PRELIMINARI DELLA SORVEGLIANZA AMBIENTALE DURANTE I LAVORI DI CANTIERE NELL'AOUP P. GIACCONE DI PALERMO

2014

La vaccinazione antinfluenzale come Strumento di Sanità pubblica e di prevenzione. Esperienza dell'Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico (AOU…

2009

Introduzione Le Linee guida per la prevenzione e controllo dell'influenza, emanano Ogni anno dal Ministero della Salute, raccomandano la vaccinazione per tutti Coloro Che svolgono Funzioni lavorative di primario interesse collettivo. Il personale sanitario rappresenta, un tal Riguardo, un obiettivo strategico della campagna da vaccino antinfluenzale SIA per la possibile trasmissione dell'influenza aviaria Pazienti SIA Perchè l'eventuale assenteismo Potrebbe inficiare la qualità e la Capacità dell'Assistenza erogata. La trasmissione dell'influenza ad un Paziente è sicuramente un importante Rischio nosocomiale in Quanto l'Infezione virale PUÒ portare ad un aggravamento dello stato di salute d…

Risk of classical Kaposi sarcoma by plasma levels of Epstein-Barr virus antibodies, sCD26, sCD23 and sCD30

2010

Abstract Background To clarify the immunological alterations leading to classical Kaposi sarcoma (cKS) among people infected with KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Methods In a population-based study of 119 cKS cases, 105 KSHV-seropositive controls, and 155 KSHV-seronegative controls, we quantified plasma soluble cluster of differentiation (sCD) levels and antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 (anti-EBNA-1) and viral capsid antigen (anti-VCA). Differences between groups in prevalence of low-tertile anti-EBNA-1 and high-tertile anti-VCA were compared by logistic regression. Continuous levels between groups and by presence of cKS co-factors among controls were compared by li…

Identification of an effective chemotherapy and DNA damage response inhibitor combination for diffuse large b cell lymphoma

2022

Chemotherapy forms the backbone of treatment for Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL); however, <∼20% of tumors are chemoresistant. Inhibitors of the DNA damage response (DDR) show promise as chemosensitizers. We therefore set up an in-vitro screen to identify an optimal chemotherapy-DDR inhibitor (DDRi) combination in a panel of DLBCL cell lines.

Global survival trends for brain tumors, by histology: analysis of individual records for 556,237 adults diagnosed in 59 countries during 2000–2014 (…

2022

Abstract Background Survival is a key metric of the effectiveness of a health system in managing cancer. We set out to provide a comprehensive examination of worldwide variation and trends in survival from brain tumors in adults, by histology. Methods We analyzed individual data for adults (15–99 years) diagnosed with a brain tumor (ICD-O-3 topography code C71) during 2000–2014, regardless of tumor behavior. Data underwent a 3-phase quality control as part of CONCORD-3. We estimated net survival for 11 histology groups, using the unbiased nonparametric Pohar Perme estimator. Results The study included 556,237 adults. In 2010–2014, the global range in age-standardized 5-year net survival for…