Search results for " Income"
showing 10 items of 340 documents
Demographic aspects of aging
2021
Population aging is occurring in almost all developed countries, albeit with differences in timing and intensity. This unprecedented phenomenon is evident not only in the change in the population age structure, but also in the impressive increase in the average length of life. After describing past, current, and future population trends, this contribution presents theories explaining the reasons for this long-term process that is completely reshaping the age structure of the population. It also describes the inequalities in aging (focusing in particular on the differences by gender, education, and cause of death), and introduces some measures of the individual health and economic consequenc…
Aid for trade policy in developing and least developed countries: A GTAP simulation analysis
2011
Recent global initiatives on debt relief and development assistance call for increasing aid for trade to the poorest countries. We apply a multi-country computable general equilibrium model, to analyze if aid for trade offers the possibility that, instead of the developing and least developed countries’ being worse off—as so many were as the result of the last round of trade negotiations—they will actually be better off. Alternative aid for trade scenarios have been evaluated in terms of effectiveness and equity. Our findings show that aid for trade policies expand trade and alleviate inequalities. The developing and least developed countries will benefit mainly from aid for trade assistanc…
Patterns of inter- and intra-regional differences in human capital and earnings : Evidence from Finland and Sweden 1987–2015
2021
In this paper, we examine the long-term patterns of geographical disparities in human capital and income in Finland and Sweden over the period 1987–2015. Using nationwide longitudinal population register data, we analyze disparities at different spatial scales, between and within functional labor market regions determined by observed travel-to-work patterns. Contrary to the findings from many other developed economies indicating inter-regional divergence in per capita income, we find indications of inter-regional convergence in per capita earnings among the functional labor market regions in both countries after 2000. However, small, and peripheral regions have not recovered from the macroe…
Psychic income associated with Shanghai tennis masters and residents’ attitude
2022
Using Shanghai Tennis Masters as an example, this study seeks to explore the psychic income associated with major sports events hosting and whether the psychic income would predict the attitudes of local residents toward events hosting. In addition, the moderating effect of sport involvement on the relationship between psychic income and attitude is also tested. In this study, a questionnaire survey is adopted. The structured questionnaire was developed based on 4 parts, including the demographics of the residents, involvement in the sport event, psychic income from the sport event, and their attitudes toward the sports event, there were 47 items in total. Data were collected from the local…
Manfaat Ekonomi Ekowisata Hiu Paus (Rhincodon typus) di Kampung Akudiomi Distrik Yaur Kabupaten Nabire
2017
Model pemanfaatan hiu paus yang memberi manfaat ekonomi sekaligus memberikan perlindungan terhadap hiu paus dapat dilakukan melalui pariwisata dengan konsep ekowisata. Kampung Akudiomi merupakan salah satu kampung di wilayah Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih yang memiliki objek dan daya tarik wisata berbasis hiu paus. Meningkatnya kunjungan wisatawan ke wilayah ini telah memberi manfaat ekonomi bagi berbagai pihak. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui manfaat ekonomi yang diperoleh para pemangku kepentingan dan secara khusus mengetahui tingkat kesejahteraan pelaku usaha wisata lokal dari aktifitas ekowisata hiu paus. Studi dilakukan pada bulan Maret hingga Mei 2014 di Kampung Akudiomi Kab…
Exploring the Anatomy of Franchising: A Cross-National Examination of US and Finnish Franchise Contract Provisions
2004
The present study focuses on describing and comparing the provisions of the franchise contracts and pre-sale disclosures to prospective franchisees in the USA and Finland. A fact that makes the investigation especially interesting is that no franchising specific legislation exists in Finland. Whereas in the USA franchisors are by a directive of the Federal Trade Commission required to publicly disclose key information on their franchise systems. The information is of paramount importance for potential franchisees who need to analyze franchise offering(s) before their buying decision. Two separate samples were developed for the study. The member franchisors of the International Franchise Ass…
Growth and convergence profiles in the Spanish provinces (1965-1997)
2005
. Economic performance in Spanish provinces has led to a considerable improvement in standard of living of their populations. Intense capital accumulation since the 1950s played a key roll in this process. Provincial inequalities may increase or decrease as a result of this growth pattern. This study analyzes the evolution of the disparities by means of distribution dynamics techniques. It explicitly considers economic size of each province and whether spatial spillovers exist. Results indicate that the convergence process has been especially intense for labor productivity, total factor productivity, and capital intensity, while for per capita income the patterns of convergence are less ma…
Potential and competitiveness of EU countries in terms of slaughter livestock production
2019
: Models and methods of spatial econometrics are gaining more and more popularity. Their advantage is the opportunity to examine the interrelationships between individual territorial units. These methods, apart from the own potential of the region, take into account the impact of neighbouring objects and location in space. The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between the potential and the level of competitiveness of individual European Union countries in the field of slaughter cattle production. In addition, the paper attempts to determine the specialisation of individual EU countries in the production of slaughter animals by sector. The analysis covered the years 2010–2016, …
Street Food and Street Vendors, a Culinary Heritage?
2018
This paper examines the theoretical discourse surrounding street food and tells how street food is multidimensional and spatially contingent, but also tackles food safety and aspects related to street vendors’ issues. The street food sector offers to the guests various dishes and drinks prepared at the place of sale or only marketed by itinerant merchants or by vendors with stationary carts, either on the streets or in other public places that may be of interest for tourists. Fast food is generally associated with globalization, so present in high income per capita countries. This paper aims to present a radiography of street food marketing, an image that defines a particular region or coun…
Perspectives and challenges of small scale plant microalgae cultivation. Evidences from Southern Italy
2020
Abstract In recent years, the cultivation of algae has achieved attention of scientists and practicioniers due to the great variety of products that can be obtained, among which biofuels. The aim of this work is twofold. The first is to perform a profitability analysis of food and biofuel production from microalgae, in a small-scale setting. The second is to assess the economic impact of algae production systems on the dairy farms potentially interested in Southern Italy. The analysis was performed using financial and economic indicators and considering two system management scenarios, namely single and collective. Our results confirm that current microalgae production technology favors bio…