Search results for " Infections"

showing 10 items of 2592 documents

Sequential infection can decrease virulence in a fish-bacterium-fluke interaction: Implications for aquaculture disease management.

2018

Abstract Hosts are typically infected with multiple strains or genotypes of one or several parasite species. These infections can take place simultaneously, but also at different times, i.e. sequentially, when one of the parasites establishes first. Sequential parasite dynamics are common in nature, but also in intensive farming units such as aquaculture. However, knowledge of effects of previous exposures on virulence of current infections in intensive farming is very limited. This is critical as consecutive epidemics and infection history of a host could underlie failures in management practices and medical intervention of diseases. Here, we explored effects of timing of multiple infectio…

sequential infectionOriginal ArticleepidemiologyOriginal Articlesmultiple infectionsdynamic infectionspatiotemporal variationEvolutionary applications
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Sequential infection can decrease virulence in a fish–bacterium–fluke interaction: Implications for aquaculture disease management

2019

Hosts are typically infected with multiple strains or genotypes of one or several parasite species. These infections can take place simultaneously, but also at different times, i.e. sequentially, when one of the parasites establishes first. Sequential parasite dynamics are common in nature, but also in intensive farming units such as aquaculture. However, knowledge of effects of previous exposures on virulence of current infections in intensive farming is very limited. This is critical as consecutive epidemics and infection history of a host could underlie failures in management practises and medical intervention of diseases. Here, we explored effects of timing of multiple infection on viru…

sequential infectionaquaculturelcsh:Evolutionlcsh:QH359-425epidemiologymultiple infectionmultiple infectionsepidemiologiadynamic infectionspatiotemporal variationvesiviljely (kalatalous)infektiot
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bbFISH-ing in the sonication fluid

2019

Abstract By 2030, the annual number of combined total hip and knee arthroplasty is estimated to reach 3.5 to 4 million in the US alone. In the context of a constant increase of the number of primary and revision total hip and knee arthroplasty, an increased risk of complication is expected. Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) represent major cause of healthcare expenditure and morbidity. PJI still remain the most common and feared arthroplasty complication. A rapid and correct diagnosis of infection is decisive for a correct therapeutical management. In this setting, the Academic Emergency Hospital Sibiu adopted and implemented, with the beginning of September 2016, a new strategy for the di…

sonicationMaleProsthetic joint infectionmedicine.medical_specialtyPJIProsthesis-Related InfectionsArthroplasty Replacement Hipmedicine.medical_treatmentSonication7100Observational StudydiagnosticContext (language use)biofilm03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStaphylococcus epidermidisRNA Ribosomal 16SInternal medicineSynovial FluidmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineArthroplasty Replacement KneeIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceAgedAged 80 and overBacteriological Techniquesbiologybusiness.industryRalstonia pickettiimolecular diagnosticBacterial InfectionsGeneral MedicineGold standard (test)Middle Agedbiology.organism_classificationArthroplastyRNA BacterialConnective Tissue030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPositive culturebbFISHFemaleComplicationbusinessResearch ArticleMedicine
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Genetic relationship between clinical and environmental Vibrio cholerae isolates in Tanzania: A comparison using repetitive extragenic palindromic (R…

2015

The bacterium causing cholera, Vibrio cholerae, is a marine organism and coastal waters are important reservoirs of the organism. There are more than 200 serogroups of V. cholerae, of which serogroups O1 and O139 are known to be the causative agent of the cholera. The main virulent factor in V. cholerae is cholera toxin gene (ctx) that is found from the epidemic O1 and O139 strains, but may also be found in some strains other than O1 and O139 (non-O1 and non-O139). In this study, 48 V. cholerae strains isolated from three estuaries of Tanzania and 20 stool isolates were characterized in terms of their serogroups and possession of ctx gene and then compared using two PCR based fingerprinting…

ta1172VirulencePlant Sciencemedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyMicrobiologyIntergenic regionestuaries of TanzaniamedicineGeneticsbiologyenterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCRGenetic heterogeneityCholera toxinta1183Outbreakta3142vibrio choleraebiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseasebacterial infections and mycosesCholeraInfectious Diseasesrepetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-PCRVibrio choleraeBacteria
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Evaluation of the different exposure parameters for the accurate diagnosis of peri-implantitis severity in digital panoramic radiography.

2022

To evaluate the accuracy of the diagnosis of peri-implant bone defects? severities in digital panoramic radiographs obtained at different tube voltage and/or tube current settings. Two different sizes of peri-implant bone defects (type 1 and type 2) were prepared after the implants were inserted into 29 bovine rib blocks. Digital panoramic radiographs were obtained at eight different tube voltage and/or tube current settings for all rib blocks. Implant images were cropped separately. The average intensity value (AIV) of cropped images were analyzed using Adobe Photoshop CC software. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare AIVs. All cropped images were evaluated using a five-point Like…

tooth extractionOtorhinolaryngologyodontogenicabscessSurgeryneck infectionsGeneral DentistrymediastinitisUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASMedicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal
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Double copies of blaKPC-3::Tn4401a on an IncX3 plasmid in Klebsiella pneumoniae successful clone ST512 from Italy

2015

ABSTRACT A carbapenem-resistant sequence type 512 (ST512) Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase 3 (KPC-3)-producing K. pneumoniae strain showing a novel variant plasmid content was isolated in Palermo, Italy, in 2014. ST512 is a worldwide successful clone associated with the spread of bla KPC genes located on the IncFIIk pKpQIL plasmid. In our ST512 strain, the bla KPC-3 gene was unusually located on an IncX3 plasmid, whose complete sequence was determined. Two copies of bla KPC-3 ::Tn 4401a caused by intramolecular transposition events were detected in the plasmid.

transposonsequence analysispolymerase chain reactionDrug ResistanceGene DosageSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicatabacterial proteinbeta-Lactamaseopen reading framecarbapenemasePlasmidminocyclineplasmid DNAmeropenemPharmacology (medical)geneticscolistincefpodoximeceftazidime610 Medicine & healthCarbapenemBacterialpolymyxin Btimentingene expression regulationbacteriumKlebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase 3 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae3. Good healthantiinfective agentmicrobial sensitivity testKlebsiella pneumoniaeItalypriority journaltigecyclineMultipleclone (Java method)cefotaxime030106 microbiologyKlebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase 3tobramycinMicrobial Sensitivity Testsgentamicinpiperacillin plus tazobactamchemistryGene dosageArticleMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesComplete sequenceClone CellOpen Reading FramesertapenemBacterial Proteinsmultidrug resistanceextensively drug resistant bacteriumAnti-Bacterial AgentcefepimePharmacologylevofloxacinmicrobiologycefoxitinbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbacterial infections and mycosesVirologyAnti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Carbapenems; Clone Cells; Drug Resistance Multiple Bacterial; Gene Dosage; Italy; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Open Reading Frames; Plasmids; beta-Lactamases; DNA Transposable Elements; Gene Expression Regulation Bacterial; Pharmacology (medical); Pharmacology; Infectious Diseasesantibiotic sensitivityClone CellsKlebsiella InfectionsceftriaxoneCarbapenemsbacterial genetics0301 basic medicinemolecular cloningSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaKlebsiella pneumoniaeTransposition (music)Drug Resistance Multiple Bacterialpolycyclic compoundsgenetic screeningcell clonecarbapenem derivativeKlebsiella infectionunclassified drugAnti-Bacterial AgentsInfectious Diseasesbacterial genePlasmidsenzymologydoripenemBiologyminimum inhibitory concentrationbeta-Lactamasesbeta lactamaseMechanisms of ResistanceciprofloxacinAmikacin; aztreonam; carbapenemase; cefepime; cefotaxime; cefoxitin; cefpodoxime; ceftazidime; ceftriaxone; ciprofloxacin; colistin; cotrimoxazole; doripenem; doxycycline; ertapenem; gentamicin; imipenem; Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase 3; levofloxacin; meropenem; minocycline; piperacillin plus tazobactam; plasmid DNA; polymyxin B; tigecycline; timentin; tobramycin; unclassified drug; antiinfective agent; bacterial protein; beta lactamase; carbapenem derivative; transposon antibiotic sensitivity; Article; bacterial gene; bacterial genetics; bacterial strain; bacterium; bacterium detection; bacterium isolation; Escherichia coli; extensively drug resistant bacterium; gene dosage; genetic screening; Italy; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase 3 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae; minimum inhibitory concentration; molecular cloning; nonhuman; polymerase chain reaction; priority journal; sequence analysis; cell clone; chemistry; drug effects; enzymology; gene expression regulation; genetics; isolation and purification; Klebsiella infection; Klebsiella pneumoniae; metabolism; microbial sensitivity test; microbiology; multidrug resistance; open reading frame; plasmid; transposon Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; beta-Lactamases; Carbapenems; Clone Cells; DNA Transposable Elements; Drug Resistance Multiple Bacterial; Gene Dosage; Gene Expression Regulation Bacterial; Italy; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Open Reading Frames; Plasmidsplasmidbacterium isolationEscherichia coliGeneAmikacinbacterium detectionnonhumandoxycyclineisolation and purificationGene Expression Regulation Bacterialbiology.organism_classificationbacterial straincotrimoxazoleOpen reading frameDNA Transposable Elementdrug effectsDNA Transposable Elementsmetabolismaztreonamimipenem
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Evolution of nurses' social representation of hospital hygiene: From training to practice

2011

Nurses' social representations of hospital hygiene were analyzed. A cross-sectional method was used to compare and analyze the social representations of the concept domain of "hospital hygiene" across three independent groups of participants (N=744). The groups included: (a) professional nurses (N=114); (b) student nurses (N=315); and (c) psychology students (N=315). Comparisons were drawn: (a) between professionals and students; and (b) between student nurse cohorts at three different levels (years) of training. The results show an ongoing evolution of the social representations of hospital hygiene during training and in the course of professional practice. The representation of hospital h…

tâche d'associations verbalesanalyse de similitude[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychologyhealthanalyse lexicaleinfections nosocomialesSocial representationsword association task[SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology[ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychologyhygienenosocomial infectionslexical analysissimilarity analysisReprésentations socialessantéComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Regulation of type 1 fimbriae synthesis and biofilm formation by the transcriptional regulator LrhA of Escherichia coli

2005

Type 1 fimbriae ofEscherichia colifacilitate attachment to the host mucosa and promote biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces. The transcriptional regulator LrhA, which is known as a repressor of flagellar, motility and chemotaxis genes, regulates biofilm formation and expression of type 1 fimbriae. Whole-genome expression profiling revealed that inactivation oflrhAresults in an increased expression of structural components of type 1 fimbriae.In vitro, LrhA bound to the promoter regions of the twofimrecombinases (FimB and FimE) that catalyse the inversion of thefimApromoter, and to the invertible element itself. TranslationallacZfusions with these genes and quantification offimEtranscript le…

urinary-tractphase variationFimbrialac operonRepressorsuicide vectorBiologyFlagellummedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyBacterial AdhesionMicrobiologylysr homologMiceglobal regulatorh-nsEscherichia colimedicineAnimalsHumansgenetic-analysisPromoter Regions GeneticEscherichia coliEscherichia coli InfectionsOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisPhase variationRegulation of gene expressionfim switchEscherichia coli ProteinsGene Expression ProfilingBiofilmGene Expression Regulation Bacterialbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionintegration host factorBiofilmsFimbriae BacterialMutationUrinary Tract Infectionsvirulence determinantsTranscription Factors
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In-Depth Characterization of Bioactive Extracts from Posidonia oceanica Waste Biomass

2019

© 2019 by the authors.

ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.speciesPhytochemicalsPharmaceutical ScienceBiomassMicrobiologiaantioxidant capacity7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesEcologia marinaAntioxidantsFoodborne Diseaseschemistry.chemical_compoundMicevalorisationAnti-Infective AgentsDrug DiscoveryFood scienceAntifungal activityBiomasslcsh:QH301-705.5Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)Caliciviridae InfectionsPlant Proteinschemistry.chemical_classificationFeline calicivirusAlismatalesbiologyultrasound04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food scienceantiviralLipids6. Clean waterAntioxidant capacityMicrobiologia marinaPosidonia oceanicaMitosporic FungiValorisationValorisationMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPolysaccharideArticle0404 agricultural biotechnologyPhenolsPolysaccharidesUltrasoundAnimalsHumansAntiviralHot water extractionEthanolEthanol010405 organic chemistryved/biologyPlant Extractsantifungal activityNorovirusWaterbiology.organism_classification0104 chemical sciencesEcologiaHot water extractionRAW 264.7 Cellslcsh:Biology (General)chemistryCatsSolventsAntiviralesQuímica Analíticahot water extractionMurine norovirusCalicivirus FelineMarine Drugs
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Soft X-ray Tomography Reveals HSV-1-Induced Remodeling of Human B Cells.

2022

Upon infection, viruses hijack the cell machinery and remodel host cell structures to utilize them for viral proliferation. Since viruses are about a thousand times smaller than their host cells, imaging virus-host interactions at high spatial resolution is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Scouting gross cellular changes with fluorescent microscopy is only possible for well-established viruses, where fluorescent tagging is developed. Soft X-ray tomography (SXT) offers 3D imaging of entire cells without the need for chemical fixation or labeling. Here, we use full-rotation SXT to visualize entire human B cells infected by the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). We have mapped the temporo…

viruksetisäntäsolutBioengineeringmikroskopiainfektiotMicrobiologyX-ray tomography; soft X-rays; infection imaging; HSV-1; cell mapping; cryo imagingherpes simplex -virusCapsidsoft X-raystomografiaVirologyHumans2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment2.1 Biological and endogenous factorsAetiologyherpesviruksetTomographycryo imagingHerpesvirus 1herpesinfection imagingHSV-1solutInfectious Diseasesröntgenkuvauscell mappingX-RaySexually Transmitted InfectionsInfectionX-ray tomographysolubiologiaHuman
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