Search results for " Ingegneri"
showing 10 items of 809 documents
TREATMENT OF LANDFILL LEACHATE IN SBR SYSTEMS: ANALYSIS OF BIOMASS ACTIVITY BY MEANS OF RESPIROMETRIC TECHNIQUES
2013
In the last decades landfilling has been the main method of municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal in many countries. MSW landfills are usually considered as a large biological reactor where the MSWs undergo anaerobic digestion producing gas and liquid emissions. Aged, or mature leachate, which is produced by older landfills, can be very refractory; for this reason mature leachate is difficult to treat alone, but it can be co-treated with sewage or domestic wastewater. The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility of co-treatment of landfill leachate and synthetic wastewater in different percentages, in terms of process performance and biomass activity, by means of respirometric tec…
Sensitivity analysis: fundamentals
2015
Sensitivity analysis (SA) is a valuable tool to support the use of mathematical models for environmental systems. Local or global SA (namely, LSA and GSA) are performed in order to better understand processes and to select the most influential factors affecting processes. The main objective of this extended abstract is to provide an informed problem statement of the issues surrounding LSA and GSA applications in the environmental water quality modelling field. Specifically, this paper aims at identifying, for the most popular methods, their potential use, the critical issues to be solved and the limits identified in a comprehensive literature review.
Variance-based sensitivity analysis for wastewater treatment plant modelling
2014
Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) is a valuable tool to support the use of mathematical models that characterise technical or natural systems. In the field of wastewater modelling, most of the recent applications of GSA use either regression-based methods, which require close to linear relationships between the model outputs and model factors, or screening methods, which only yield qualitative results. However, due to the characteristics of membrane bioreactors (MBR) (non-linear kinetics, complexity, etc.) there is an interest to adequately quantify the effects of non-linearity and interactions. This can be achieved with variance-based sensitivity analysis methods. In this paper, the Extend…
Global sensitivity analysis in ASM applications: comparison of the SRC and Extended-FAST method for a UCT-MBR model
2011
In this study global sensitivity analysis is performed to identify influential as well as non-influential parameters in a model of a University Cape Town Membrane Bioreactor (UCT-MBR). In particular, the Standardised Regression Coefficients (SRC) and Extended-FAST sensitivity analysis methods are applied. The sensitivity of model variables towards parameter variation is analysed for CODTOT, SNH4, SNO3, SPO, and MLSS along five reactor compartments. Both methods indicate that the parameters identified as being influential differ from section to section due to the different processes involved. Moreover, the relevant influence of the membrane filtration parameters is detected in the first plan…
The role of EPS in fouling and foaming phenomena occurring in an UCT-MBR pilot plant
2012
The aim of this study is to detect a possible relationship between EPS and fouling and EPS and foaming in a University Cape Town (UCT) membrane bioreactor (MBR) pilot plant. The UCT-MBR pilot plant was fed with 40 L/h of real wastewater and monitored for 165 days. Specifically physical/chemical features of influent, permeate and mixed liquor in different sections were analyzed. The fouling phenomenon was studied monitoring the hydraulic resistances of the membrane. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) concentration inside the aerobic tank were also measured. The foaming phenomenon was monitored by performing the Foam Power and Scum Index testes. Results have shown a high correlatio…
Comparison between MBR and MB-MBR pilot plants subject to a gradual salinity increase: analysis of biokinetic and fouling behaviour
2014
Two pilot plants were investigated for the treatment of wastewater subject to a gradual increase of salinity. In particular, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) and a moving bed biofilm membrane bioreactor (MB-MBR) were studied. Carbon and ammonium removal, kinetic constants and membranes fouling rates have been assessed. Both plants showed very high efficiency in terms of carbon and ammonium removal and the gradual salinity increase led to a good acclimation of the biomass, as confirmed by the respirometric tests. Significant biofilm detachments from carriers were experienced, which contributed to increase the irreversible superficial cake deposition. However, this aspect prevented the pore foulin…
Advanced course: innovative wastewater treatment and mathematical modelling
2015
During the last years many advances have matured in wastewater treatment both in terms of processes and mathematical modelling approaches. For a new generation of new scientists and engineers entering/working in the wastewater treatment field, the quantity, complexity and diversity of these new developments can be overwhelming. This Advanced Course on Innovative wastewater treatment processes and mathematical modelling will provide a comprehensive overview and a discussion platform for recent advances and trends currently under development in the context of wastewater treatment. This course is aimed at professionals (Master, PhD or equivalent experience) in wastewater treatment and mathemat…
Analisi sperimentale e modellistica di formazione del fouling delle menbrane negi sistemi MBR
2012
La tecnologia MBR è una realtà consolidata e la sua applicazione è considerata una valida alternativa ai sistemi convenzionali, soprattutto ove il refluo depurato assuma pienamente il ruolo di “risorsa” riutilizzabile. Tuttavia, la diffusione dei bioreattori a membrana è frenata prevalentemente dall’elevato costo di investimento su cui grava, inoltre, l’impossibilità di prevedere correttamente la durata della vita utile delle membrane a causa dell’incompleta conoscenza del fouling, della sua evoluzione e delle sue conseguenze. Il fenomeno di sporcamento, infatti, è estremamente complesso e la conoscenza dei meccanismi di deposito e le proprietà sporcanti di tutti gli agenti presenti nella m…
Materials recovery from WEEE: current situation in Sicily.
2012
The potential recovery of materials and energy in one year in Italy and in Sicily was estimated assuming that all WEEEs were gathered through the collection – treatment – disposal system implemented according to the rules in force. The embodied energy (EE) recovery associated to material recovery was also estimated, starting from standard values of EE and from yields declared for each component. Mass fractions composition for some categories of WEEE given by a facility in Catania agree with the national averages. Starting from data given by another facility - located in Siracusa - which processes all the five R categories (R1 to R5), potential mass and energy recovery was estimated for this…