Search results for " KIDNEY"
showing 10 items of 404 documents
Inflammation and endothelial activation are linked to renal function in long-term kidney transplantation
2006
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between inflammation and adhesion molecules in long-term kidney transplantation. We measured serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and intercellular and vascular cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) in 35 renal transplant recipients (mean age of transplantation 5 +/- 3 years) and in 35 chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) patients; twenty-six healthy subjects were enrolled as controls. Transplanted showed higher values than controls of TNFalpha (P < 0.0001), ICAM-1 (P < 0.0001), and VCAM-1 (P < 0.0001). CRI group as well exhibited higher concentrations than controls of TNFalpha (P < 0.0001), ICAM-1 (P < …
Presentation, Management and Long-Term Outcome of Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in Duplex Kidneys.
2015
Ureteropelvic junction obstruction in association with a duplex collecting system is a rare but challenging upper urinary tract pathology. We report our 21-year experience with this anomaly in terms of presentation, diagnostic evaluation and management.We retrospectively identified all patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a duplex collecting system between 1991 and 2012. We reviewed each case for presenting symptoms, anatomy and management. Median followup was 10.8 years (range 2 to 22).Ureteropelvic junction obstruction in duplex kidneys was diagnosed in 21 patients. Ten patients presented with clinical symptoms such as flank pain and urinary tract infection but 11 were asym…
Vitamin D serum levels in multiorgan failure critically ill patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapies
2020
Introduction Severe vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients is linked to mortality. There are no scientific data regarding vitamin D status in critically ill patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapies. Material and methods We aimed to measure vitamin D serum levels in critically ill patients with multi-organ failure undergoing continuous renal replacement therapies. Vitamin D serum measurements in 12-hour time intervals were performed in 20 patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapies through continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration (the study group). The results were then compared with the historical control group (20 patients without renal replacemen…
Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation: Similarities and Differences in the Psychological Aspects of Noncompliance
2006
Abstract Background Dialysis and kidney transplantation represent two effective strategies in treating chronic uremia, albeit with different results. Our study compared the psychological aspects of two categories of patients: patients who faced kidney transplantation and have been on dialysis, and noncompliant patients treated with these therapies. Materials and Methods On 170 patients (120 hemodialysis and 50 peritoneal dialysis) we used a personality analysis (MMPI2) and the COPE, which assessed the ability of patients to cope under certain conditions that can be perceived as stressful or, in any case, unusual. The screening succeeded in 11 cases among the first group and 9 in the second.…
Renal endometriosis mimicking complicated cysts of kidney: report of two cases
2017
Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disorder characterized by ectopic endometrial tissue growth outside the uterine cavity. Although usually occurring in pelvic organs, endometrial lesions may involve urinary tract. Renal endometriosis is extremely rare and it has only occasionally been reported in the past. We report two cases of patients with renal cystic lesions, incidentally found at imaging techniques during oncologic follow-up for gastric sarcoma and melanoma, initially misinterpreted as complicated haemorrhagic cysts and then histologically characterized as renal localizations of extragenital endometriosis.
Nephrolithiasis, bone mineral density, osteoporosis, and fractures: a systematic review and comparative meta-analysis
2016
Summary: Our meta-analysis demonstrates that people with nephrolithiasis have decreased bone mineral density, an increased odds of osteoporosis, and potentially an elevated risk of fractures. Introduction: People with nephrolithiasis might be at risk of reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures, but the data is equivocal. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate if patients with nephrolithiasis have worse bone health outcomes (BMD), osteoporosis, and fractures versus healthy controls (HCs). Methods: Two investigators searched major databases for articles reporting BMD (expressed as g/cm2 or a T- or Z-score), osteoporosis or fractures in a sample of people with nephrolithiasis, and…
EFFECTS OF ALLOPURINOL ON RENAL FUNCTION DECLINE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASES
2014
Aim: To evaluate retrospectively the effects of allopurinol treatment on renal function decline in non-gouty hypertensive patients with moderate-to-severe CKD. Methods: We selected 22 patients treated with allopurinol (A) (100–300 mg/die) that were compared with 44 subjects not treated with this drug (B), matched with A for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), age, gender and blood pressure values. Results: After a mean follow-up period of 16 months no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding eGFR decline (A: -6.8 ± 11.6 ml/min/1.73 m2; B: -4.2 ± 9.3 ml/min/1.73 m2). Furthermore, the percentage of subjects with a value of eGFR reduction above the median w…
Efficacy of epidural anesthesia for retroperitoneoscopic renal biopsy
2000
Laparoscopic procedures are performed using general anesthesia due to the perceived limitations of regional anesthesia in the upper abdomen and retroperitoneum. We present our initial experience with epidural anesthesia for retroperitoneal laparoscopic renal biopsy.
The Relationship Between Aortic Root Size and Hypertension: An Unsolved Conundrum
2017
Thoracic aortic aneurysms rupture and dissection are among the most devastating vascular diseases, being characterized by elevated mortality, despite improvements in diagnostic imaging and surgical techniques. An increased aortic root diameter (ARD) represents the main risk factor for thoracic aortic dissection and rupture and for aortic valve regurgitation. Even though arterial hypertension is commonly regarded as a predisposing condition for the development of thoracic aorta aneurysms, the role of blood pressure (BP) as determinant of aortic root enlargement is still controversial. The use of different methods for indexation of ARD may have in part contributed to the heterogeneous finding…
Obesity and Outcomes in COVID-19: When an Epidemic and Pandemic Collide.
2020
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States and in much of the westernized world, contributing to considerable morbidity. Several of these obesity-related morbidities are associated with greater risk for death with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 penetrates human cells through direct binding with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors on the cell surface. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in adipose tissue is higher than that in lung tissue, which means that adipose tissue may be vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. Obese patients also have worse outcomes with COVID-19 infection, including respiratory failure, n…