Search results for " MEC"
showing 10 items of 8161 documents
Pairing context determines condition-dependence of song rate in a monogamous passerine bird.
2013
Condition-dependence of male ornaments is thought to provide honest signals on which females can base their sexual choice for genetic quality. Recent studies show that condition-dependence patterns can vary within populations. Although long-term association is thought to promote honest signalling, no study has explored the influence of pairing context on the condition-dependence of male ornaments. In this study, we assessed the influence of natural variation in body condition on song rate in zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata ) in three different situations: during short and long encounters with an unfamiliar female, and within heterosexual mated pairs. We found consistent individual diff…
Effect of Juvenile Hormone on Resistance against Entomopathogenic Fungus Metharizium robertsii Differs between Sexes
2020
Juvenile hormone has been suggested to be a potential mediator in the trade-off between mating and insects&rsquo
Artificial Oral Processing of Extruded Pea Flour Snacks
2021
International audience; The structure of extruded pea flour can affect chewing performances. Our objective was to relate the bolus properties (fragmentation, moisture content and viscosity) of chewed extruded pea snacks to their structure. In order to have control over oral physiological parameters, we opted for an in vitro approach using a chewing simulator, the variables of which were the flow rate of artificial salivary fluid and chewing time. The structure of the extruded pea snacks was characterized by its density and protein solubility in dithioerythritol (DTE), which reflected the amount of protein aggregates cross-linked by disulphide bonds. The particle size distribution and median…
A comparative study of Ural Owl Strix uralensis breeding season diet within its European breeding range, derived from nest box monitoring schemes
2018
Capsule: Voles are the main prey of the Ural Owl Strix uralensis in Europe, with larger prey and higher prey diversity being positively associated with owl breeding performance. Aims: To assess the breeding diet and its influence on the breeding performance of the Ural Owl across a north–south gradient of its European range using nest box monitoring data. Methods: Comparable monitoring of nest boxes in different biogeographical regions of Europe (Finland, Latvia, Slovenia) and diet analysis from nest samples to assess the taxonomic and trait influence of prey on owl breeding performance in different environments. Results: High plasticity in the Ural Owl hunting behaviour under different pre…
European Formalism and Empiriocriticism : Formalism within the International Empiriocritical Movement
2020
Abstract This paper argues that Russian Formalism is to be considered a constitutive part of the international empiriocritical movement—Ernst Mach (1838—1916) and Richard Avenarius’s (1843—1896). The conceptual parallelism between Empiriocriticism and Formalism is striking indeed. Thus, the cornerstones of the empiriocritical approach—the concept of series [Reihe] and the concept of elements [Elemente], understood as sensations [Empfindungen]—are plainly recognizable within formalist theories: the notion of ‘series’ (for example, the notion of ‘literary series’ or ‘poetic series’, leading to the famous concept of ‘literariness’, literaturnost’) and the very formalist idea of a necessarily p…
The impact of ocean acidification and warming on the skeletal mechanical properties of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus from laboratory and field…
2015
AbstractIncreased atmospheric CO2 concentration is leading to changes in the carbonate chemistry and the temperature of the ocean. The impact of these processes on marine organisms will depend on their ability to cope with those changes, particularly the maintenance of calcium carbonate structures. Both a laboratory experiment (long-term exposure to decreased pH and increased temperature) and collections of individuals from natural environments characterized by low pH levels (individuals from intertidal pools and around a CO2 seep) were here coupled to comprehensively study the impact of near-future conditions of pH and temperature on the mechanical properties of the skeleton of the euechin…
Evolutionary significance of antiparasite, antipredator and learning phenotypes of avian nest defence.
2018
AbstractAvian nest defence, which is expected to serve both antiparasite and antipredator functions, may benefit or be detrimental to birds, although selective forces that potentially operate on nest defence have not been quantified as a whole. Together with fitness values, we analysed two traits of nest defence, intensity and plasticity, in two distantly related passerine species, yellow warbler (Setophaga petechia) in North America and reed warbler (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) in Europe, both favourite host species for brood parasites. Breeders that escaped parasitism were the most vocal among reed warblers, whereas there was no specific defence phenotype that predicted prevention of parasit…
From elicitins to lipid-transfer proteins: a new insight in cell signalling involved in plant defence mechanisms.
2002
Elicitins and lipid-transfer proteins are small cysteine-rich lipid-binding proteins secreted by oomycetes and plant cells, respectively, that share some structural and functional properties. In spite of intensive work on their structure and diversity at the protein and genetic levels, the precise biological roles of lipid-transfer proteins remains unclear, although the most recent data suggest a role in somatic embryogenesis, in the formation of protective surface layers and in defence against pathogens. By contrast, elicitins are known elicitors of plant defence, and recent work demonstrating that elicitins and lipid-transfer proteins share the same biological receptors gives a new perspe…
Cellulose ether emulsions as fat source in cocoa creams: Thermorheological properties (flow and viscoelasticity)
2019
Flow behaviour and viscoelastic properties at three different temperatures (20, 45 and 70 °C) of cocoa filling creams have been studied. These creams were composed of cocoa, starch, sugar, skimmed milk powder and non-digestible cellulose ether emulsions as fat source. Two types of methylcelluloses, MC, and two types of hydroxypropyl methylcelluloses, HPMC, with different chemical substitution degrees were employed. Results showed important differences in zero shear viscosity and shear thinning character at room temperature, due to the different internal structure revealed by the viscoelastic moduli spectra. Temperature sweeps of storage modulus showed different temperature gelation dependin…
Reducing waste and ecological impacts through a sustainable and efficient management of perishable food based on the Monte Carlo simulation
2019
Abstract In today’s competitive global market it is mandatory to improve warehousing operations integrating economic, environmental and social aspects. The recent advancement in monitoring technologies can greatly improve the performance of the food supply chain reducing product loss. In particular, in the perishable food supply chain, initially inventory operations are critical because they manage the material flows in very variable conditions. The deterioration level of the products as well as the market demand are the main factors that can influence warehouse strategy. This research aims to consider the application of sustainability principles in the context of warehouse storage, evaluat…