Search results for " MRI"

showing 10 items of 290 documents

Association between cingulum bundle structure and cognitive performance: an observational study in major depression.

2009

AbstractBackgroundMajor depression can be regarded as a systemic neurobehavioral disorder resulting from dysfunction of the limbic-cortical networks. The cingulum bundle represents a major association fiber tract of those networks. The aim of our study was to determine the association of brain structural tissue markers of the cingulum bundle and cognitive function in patients with major depression.MethodsRegion-of-interest-based analyses of the middle-anterior and middle-posterior cingulum bundle fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) using color-coded diffusion-tensor imaging and neuropsychological assessment in 14 patients with major depression.ResultsFA of the middle-anteri…

Cingulate cortexMalemedicine.medical_specialtyObservationNeuropsychological Testsbehavioral disciplines and activitiesGyrus CinguliFunctional Laterality03 medical and health sciencesAssociation fiber0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationMemoryFractional anisotropymedicineHumansAttention030212 general & internal medicineEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performanceNeuropsychological assessmentDepression (differential diagnoses)Depressive Disorder Majormedicine.diagnostic_testCognitionMiddle Aged030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthDiffusion Tensor ImagingAnisotropyFemalePsychologyNeuroscienceDiffusion MRIEuropean psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists
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7 Tesla MRI will soon be helpful to guide clinical practice in multiple sclerosis centres – No

2021

Clinical Practicemedicine.medical_specialtyText miningNeurologybusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisMEDLINEMedicine7 tesla mriMedical physicsNeurology (clinical)businessmedicine.diseaseMultiple Sclerosis Journal
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Multicenter stability of diffusion tensor imaging measures: a European clinical and physical phantom study.

2011

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) detects white matter damage in neuro-psychiatric disorders, but data on reliability of DTI measures across more than two scanners are still missing. In this study we assessed multicenter reproducibility of DTI acquisitions based on a physical phantom as well as brain scans across 16 scanners. In addition, we performed DTI scans in a group of 26 patients with clinically probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 12 healthy elderly controls at one single center. We determined the variability of fractional anisotropy (FA) measures using manually placed regions of interest as well as automated tract based spatial statistics and deformation based analysis. The coefficie…

Coefficient of variationNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Nerve Fibers MyelinatedBrain mappingImaging phantommethods [Diffusion Tensor Imaging]White matterYoung AdultNeuroimagingBiasAlzheimer Diseasepathology [Brain]Fractional anisotropymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingddc:610AgedAged 80 and overReproducibilityBrain Mappingpathology [Nerve Fibers Myelinated]business.industryPhantoms Imagingdiagnosis [Alzheimer Disease]BrainMiddle AgedEuropePsychiatry and Mental healthDiffusion Tensor Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureAnisotropyFemaleNuclear medicinebusinessPsychologyDiffusion MRI
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Deep Learning-Based Methods for Prostate Segmentation in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2021

Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based prostate segmentation is an essential task for adaptive radiotherapy and for radiomics studies whose purpose is to identify associations between imaging features and patient outcomes. Because manual delineation is a time-consuming task, we present three deep-learning (DL) approaches, namely UNet, efficient neural network (ENet), and efficient residual factorized convNet (ERFNet), whose aim is to tackle the fully-automated, real-time, and 3D delineation process of the prostate gland on T2-weighted MRI. While UNet is used in many biomedical image delineation applications, ENet and ERFNet are mainly applied in self-driving cars to compensate for limited hardwar…

Computer scienceGraphics processing unit02 engineering and technologyResiduallcsh:TechnologyArticle030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglcsh:Chemistrydeep learning; segmentation; prostate; MRI; ENet; UNet; ERFNet; radiomicsSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineENetERFNet0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGeneral Materials ScienceSegmentationlcsh:QH301-705.5InstrumentationSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniFluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesprostateArtificial neural networklcsh:Tbusiness.industryProcess Chemistry and TechnologyDeep learningsegmentationGeneral EngineeringProcess (computing)deep learningUNetPattern recognitionlcsh:QC1-999Computer Science Applicationslcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999lcsh:TA1-2040radiomics020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligenceCentral processing unitlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)businesslcsh:PhysicsMRIApplied Sciences
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Discovering Aberrant Patterns of Human Connectome in Alzheimer's Disease via Subgraph Mining

2012

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of age-related dementia, which prominently affects the human connectome. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) provides a promising way to explore the organization of white matter fiber tracts in the human brain in a non-invasive way. However, the immense amount of data from millions of voxels of a raw diffusion map prevent an easy way to utilizable knowledge. In this paper, we focus on the question how we can identify disrupted spatial patterns of the human connectome in AD based on a data mining framework. Using diffusion tractography, the human connectomes for each individual subject were constructed based on two diffusion derived attributes: …

Computer sciencebusiness.industryPattern recognitionGraph theoryHuman ConnectomeHuman brainGrey mattercomputer.software_genremedicine.diseaseWhite mattermedicine.anatomical_structureVoxelHuman ConnectomesFractional anisotropymedicineDementiaDiffusion TractographyArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerDiffusion MRI2012 IEEE 12th International Conference on Data Mining Workshops
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Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging in the Diffusion Imaging in Python Project

2021

ABSTRACTDiffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) measurements and models provide information about brain connectivity and are sensitive to the physical properties of tissue microstructure. Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) quantifies the degree of non-Gaussian diffusion in biological tissue from dMRI. These estimates are of interest because they were shown to be more sensitive to microstructural alterations in health and diseases than measures based on the total anisotropy of diffusion which are highly confounded by tissue dispersion and fiber crossings. In this work, we implemented DKI in the Diffusion in Python (DIPY) project - a large collaborative open-source project which …

Computer scienceopen-source softwaremicrostructureNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryGrey matter030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingWhite matterdiffusion MRI03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinebiophysicsmedicineTechnology and CodeReference implementationDiffusion (business)DKIBiological Psychiatrycomputer.programming_languageGround truthmedicine.diagnostic_testMagnetic resonance imagingHuman NeuroscienceBiological tissueInvariant (physics)Python (programming language)Characterization (materials science)pythonDiffusion imagingPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyNeurologyDTIKurtosisAlgorithmcomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryRC321-571MRITractographyDiffusion MRIFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Eine Kombination niedrig und hochauflösender dynamischer T1-gewichteter Sequenzen zur besseren Beurteilung der Morphologie Kontrastmittel aufnehmende…

2002

Purpose: Presentation of a new protocol for simultaneous acquisition of both low and high resolution T 1 -weighted images of breast lesions for dynamic contrast-enhanced MR mammography. Demonstration of possible diagnostic improvement with representative measurements in patients with suspected breast cancer by adding morphologic parameters from high resolution sequences to the analysis of the signal-time curve. Materials and Methods: Dynamic MR imaging was performed with a 1.5 T system (Magnetom SONATA, Siemens Medical Systems, Germany) and the manufacturer's double-breast coil. Coronal T 1 -weighted 3D FLASH sequences (spatial resolution 1.25 ×1.25 mm 2 ; slice thickness 1.7 mm) were acqui…

Contrast mediumNuclear magnetic resonanceMaterials sciencePulse (signal processing)Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRIResolution (electron density)Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSensitivity (control systems)Image resolutionSignalImaging phantomBiomedical engineeringRöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
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Graph cut-based method for segmenting the left ventricle from MRI or echocardiographic images

2017

International audience; In this paper, we present a fast and interactive graph cut method for 3D segmentation of the endocardial wall of the left ventricle (LV) adapted to work on two of the most widely used modalities: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography. Our method accounts for the fundamentally different nature of both modalities: 3D echocardiographic images have a low contrast, a poor signal-to-noise ratio and frequent signal drop, while MR images are more detailed but also cluttered and contain highly anisotropic voxels. The main characteristic of our method is to work in a 3D Bezier coordinate system instead of the original Euclidean space. This comes with several ad…

Convex hullHeart VentriclesEnergy MinimizationCoordinate systemEchocardiography Three-DimensionalHealth InformaticsBézier curve02 engineering and technology[SDV.IB.MN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicinecomputer.software_genreAutomated Segmentation030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging[ SDV.IB.MN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineVoxelCut0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingMagnetic-Resonance ImagesHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer vision[ SDV.IB ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/BioengineeringCardiac MriImage gradientMathematicsWhole MyocardiumLeft ventricular 3-D segmentationRadiological and Ultrasound Technology[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingEuclidean spacebusiness.industryComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignMagnetic Resonance ImagingEchocardiographyConstrained Level-SetGraph (abstract data type)020201 artificial intelligence & image processing[SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BioengineeringComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusiness2d-EchocardiographycomputerAlgorithmsGraph cutMRI
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Advanced techniques in Magnetic Resonance Imaging: characterization of non-gaussian water diffusion using DIFFUSION KURTOSIS IMAGING (DKI)

2014

DKI DTI MRISettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleSettore MED/37 - NeuroradiologiaSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)
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Looking into the architecture of the brain with MRI: quantification of non-Gaussian water diffusion by Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI)

2015

The aim of this work is the definition of an MRI protocol for Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) by using a 1.5T clinical scanner and the development of a software for DKI analysis.

DKI MRI Gaussinan KurtosisSettore MED/37 - NeuroradiologiaSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)
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