Search results for " Measurement"
showing 10 items of 2341 documents
Are remote sensing evapotranspiration models reliable across South American ecoregions?
2021
Many remote sensing-based evapotranspiration (RSBET) algorithms have been proposed in the past decades and evaluated using flux tower data, mainly over North America and Europe. Model evaluation across South America has been done locally or using only a single algorithm at a time. Here, we provide the first evaluation of multiple RSBET models, at a daily scale, across a wide variety of biomes, climate zones, and land uses in South America. We used meteorological data from 25 flux towers to force four RSBET models: Priestley–Taylor Jet Propulsion Laboratory (PT-JPL), Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM), Penman–Monteith Mu model (PM-MOD), and Penman–Monteith Nagler model (PME-VI).…
Dynamic Magnetic and Optical Insight into a High Performance Pentagonal Bipyramidal Dy(III) Single-Ion Magnet
2017
The pentagonal bipyramidal single-ion magnets (SIMs) are among the most attractive prototypes of high-performance single-molecule magnets (SMMs). Here, a fluorescence-active phosphine oxide ligand CyPh2PO (=cyclohexyl(diphenyl)phosphine oxide) was introduced into [Dy(CyPh2PO)2(H2O)5]Br3⋅2 (CyPh2PO)⋅EtOH⋅3 H2O, and combined dynamic magnetic measurement, optical characterization, ab initio calculation, and magneto-optical correlation of this high-performance pseudo-D5h DyIII SIM with large Ueff (508(2) K) and high magnetic hysteresis temperature (19 K) were performed. This work provides a deeper insight into the rational design of promising molecular magnets.
Temperature effects on the IR absorption bands of hydroxyl and deuteroxyl groups in silica glass
2009
Abstract In this report we will show the changes of the band shape of the hydroxyl group (SiOH) infrared (IR) absorption band (∼3670 cm −1 ) in silica glass induced by lowering temperature in the range from 290 to 20 K. This band is considered as the overlap of several spectral components associated to the vibrational activity of hydroxyl groups in different bond configurations. By a suitable analysis of the experimental band profile in terms of different sub-bands, we studied the thermal evolution of each component and we reconsidered their assignations. For comparison we examined the SiOD absorption band (∼2710 cm −1 ) as a function of temperature as well. Our data can be interpreted as a…
The Effects of Low-frequency Vibration on Aligner Treatment Duration: A Clinical Trial
2021
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an orthodontic tooth movement acceleration device (AcceleDent, OrthoAccel Technologies, Houston, Texas) when used during an aligner treatment. Materials and Methods: Adult patients who began an aligner treatment (Lineo, Micerium Lab, Avegno, Italy) were allocated to two treatment groups. The first one (Group A), with a 7-day aligner change regimen, used the AcceleDent device for 20 min per day, whereas the second one (Group B) changed the aligners every 14 days and did not use any device. The registered outcomes were the possibility of completing the treatment, the number of aligners needed and treatment duration in t…
Channeling experiments at planar diamond and silicon single crystals with electrons from the Mainz Microtron MAMI
2020
Line structures were observed for (110) planar channeling of electrons in a diamond single crystal even at a beam energy of 180 MeV . This observation motivated us to initiate dechanneling length measurements as function of the beam energy since the occupation of quantum states in the channeling potential is expected to enhance the dechanneling length. High energy loss signals, generated as a result of emission of a bremsstrahlung photon with about half the beam energy at channeling of 450 and 855 MeV electrons, were measured as function of the crystal thickness. The analysis required additional assumptions which were extracted from the numerical solution of the Fokker-Planck equation. Prel…
Metabolic shift of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms with different levels of polyphosphate storage
2012
Previous studies have shown that polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) are able to behave as glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) under different conditions. In this study we investigated the behavior of a culture enriched with Accumulibacter at different levels of polyphosphate (poly-P) storage. The results of stoichiometric ratios Gly degraded/HAc uptake, PHB synthesized/HAc uptake, PHV synthesized/HAc uptake and P release/HAc uptake confirmed a metabolic shift from PAO metabolism to GAO metabolism: PAOs with high poly-P content used the poly-P to obtain adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), and glycogen (Gly) to obtain nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and some ATP. In a test whe…
Steam sterilization processes affect the stability of clinical thermometers: Thermistor and prototypal FBG probe comparison
2020
Abstract Temperature is one of the most frequently measured physical quantities in clinical environment and a good biomarker of illness. The need for reusable probes, which have to be sterilized to prevent infections, requires the metrological qualification of thermometer probes in response to ageing effects induced by several sterilization processes. In this study, we investigated the effect of repeated sterilizations on both a commonly-used autoclavable thermistor probe and a prototypal Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) probe for temperature measurements. Findings highlighted a greater reliability of the proposed FBG probe than the commercial thermistor. Specifically, the FBG probe was able to w…
Comparison of in Situ Land Surface Temperatures Measured with Radiometers and Pyrgeometers: Consequences for Calibration and Validation of Thermal In…
2018
Land surface temperature (LST) is a key magnitude in many exchange processes between the surface and the atmosphere. LST measurement from satellites provides an efficient way to monitor its change across wide areas on Earth, an essential issue being LST validation using in situ measurements to assess its accuracy and precision. Presently, there are two widely used methodologies: temperature measurements made by wideband radiometers observing the land surface with a given viewing angle and a limited field of view, and measurements provided by total radiation pyrgeometers with a nearly hemispheric field of view. Although both measurements are correlated, they are not equivalent; thus, it is r…
3D reconstruction of hot metallic surfaces for industrial part characterization
2009
During industrial forging of big hot metallic shells, it is necessary to regularly measure the dimensions of the parts, especially the inner and outer diameters and the thickness of the walls, in order to decide when to stop the forging process. The inner and outer diameters of the shells range from 4 to 6 meters and to measure them a large ruler is placed horizontally at the end of the shell. Two blacksmiths standing on each side of the ruler at about ten meters from it visually reads the graduations on the ruler in order to determine the inner and outer diameters from which the thickness of the wall is determined. This operation is carried out several times during a forging process and it…
Subjective ranking of concert halls substantiated through orthogonal objective parameters.
2015
[EN] This paper studies the global subjective assessment, obtained from mean values of the results of surveys addressed to members of the audience of live concerts in Spanish auditoriums, through the mean values of the three orthogonal objective parameters (Tmid, IACCE3, and LEV), expressed in just noticeable differences (JNDs), regarding the best-valued hall. Results show that a linear combination of the relative variations of orthogonal parameters can largely explain the overall perceived quality of the sample. However, the mean values of certain orthogonal parameters are not representative, which shows that an alternative approach to the problem is necessary. Various possibilities are pr…