Search results for " Medical imaging"
showing 10 items of 1067 documents
CEUS LI-RADS: a pictorial review
2020
AbstractContrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) greatly improved the diagnostic accuracy of US in the detection and characterization of focal liver lesions (FLLs), and it is suggested and often included in many international guidelines as an important diagnostic tool in the imaging work-up of cirrhotic patients at risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In particular, CEUS Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) provides standardized terminology, interpretation, and reporting for the diagnosis of HCC. The aim of this pictorial essay is to illustrate CEUS features of nodules discovered at US in cirrhotic liver according to LI-RADS categorization.
CT imaging findings of abdominopelvic vascular compression syndromes: what the radiologist needs to know.
2020
AbstractAbdominopelvic vascular compression syndromes include a variety of uncommon conditions characterized by either extrinsic compression of blood vessels by adjacent anatomical structures (i.e., median arcuate ligament syndrome, nutcracker syndrome, May-Thurner syndrome) or compression of hollow viscera by adjacent vessels (i.e., superior mesenteric artery syndrome, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, ureteral vascular compression syndromes, portal biliopathy). These syndromes can be unexpectedly diagnosed even in asymptomatic patients and the predisposing anatomic conditions can be incidentally discovered on imaging examinations performed for other indications, or they can manifest wit…
Complications of hepatic echinococcosis: multimodality imaging approach
2019
AbstractHydatid disease is a worldwide zoonosis endemic in many countries. Liver echinococcosis accounts for 60–75% of cases and may be responsible for a wide spectrum of complications in about one third of patients. Some of these complications are potentially life-threatening and require prompt diagnosis and urgent intervention. In this article, we present our experience with common and uncommon complications of hepatic hydatid cysts which include rupture, bacterial superinfection, and mass effect-related complications. Specifically, the aim of this review is to provide key imaging features and diagnostic clues to guide the imaging diagnosis using a multimodality imaging approach, includin…
A focused ultrasound treatment system for moving targets (part I): generic system design and in-silico first-stage evaluation
2017
Abstract Background Focused ultrasound (FUS) is entering clinical routine as a treatment option. Currently, no clinically available FUS treatment system features automated respiratory motion compensation. The required quality standards make developing such a system challenging. Methods A novel FUS treatment system with motion compensation is described, developed with the goal of clinical use. The system comprises a clinically available MR device and FUS transducer system. The controller is very generic and could use any suitable MR or FUS device. MR image sequences (echo planar imaging) are acquired for both motion observation and thermometry. Based on anatomical feature tracking, motion pr…
Prenatal Risk Calculation (PRC) 3.0: An Extended DoE-Based First-Trimester Screening Algorithm Allowing For Early Blood Sampling
2015
Aim: Both previous versions of the German PRC algorithm developed by our group for routine first-trimester screening relied on the assumption that maternal blood sampling and fetal ultrasonography are performed at the same visit of a pregnant women. In this paper we present an extension of our method allowing also for constellations where this synchronization is abandoned through preponing blood sampling to dates before 11 weeks of gestation. Methods: In contrast to the directly measured concentrations of the serum parameters PAPP-A and free ß-hCG, the logarithmically transformed values could be shown to admit the construction of reference bands covering the whole range from 16 to 84 mm CRL…
Image Segmentation Techniques for Healthcare Systems
2019
The present special issue of the Journal of Healthcare Engineering collects articles written by researchers scattered around the world who belong to the academic and industrial environments. The papers of this special issue have been selected by a rigorous peer-reviewing process with the support of at least two reviewers per paper, along with the opinion written in the final decision by a component of the editorial staff. Different methods on biomedical image segmentation dedicated to healthcare systems have been developed regarding, for example, the fields of machine learning, deformable models, fuzzy models, and so on. Such methods have been applied on different biomedical image modalitie…
Automated approach for indirect immunofluorescence images classification based on unsupervised clustering method
2018
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are a collection of many complex disorders of unknown aetiology resulting in immune responses to self-antigens and are thought to result from interactions between genetic and environmental factors. ADs collectively are amongst the most prevalent diseases in the U.S., affecting at least 7% of the population. The diagnosis of ADs is very complex, the standard screening methods provides seeking and recognizing of Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) by Indirect ImmunoFluorescence (IIF) based on HEp-2 cells. In this paper an automatic system able to identify and classify the Centromere pattern is presented. The method is based on the grouping of centromeres present on the cell…
Temperature Measurement by Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
2021
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) thermometry is a magnetic resonance-based imaging tool that allows the noninvasive measurement of brain core temperature. Although only applicable to cerebrospinal fluid, it is thought to be potentially useful in assessing the thermal pathophysiology of the brain in both patients and healthy subjects. The objective of this article is to provide a concise but thorough review of the basic physical principles and the principal applications of DWI thermometry as a potential method to elucidate the pathophysiology of several brain diseases and neurologic syndromes.
Comment on “Computer-Extracted Texture Features to Distinguish Cerebral Radionecrosis from Recurrent Brain Tumors on Multiparametric MRI: A Feasibili…
2017
We have read with great interest the article published by Tiwari et al, “Computer-Extracted Texture Features to Distinguish Cerebral Radionecrosis from Recurrent Brain Tumors on Multiparametric MRI: A Feasibility Study.”[1][1] In their article, they refer to our work regarding brain metastasis
Study of CT/MRI mutual information based registration applied in brachytherapy
2016
The present work aims to include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a Medical Image-based Graphical platfOrm - Brachytherapy module (AMIGOBrachy) which coupled to the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP6) code allows absorbed dose calculations. Computed tomography (CT) and MRI images were registered using mutual information algorithms to improve tissue segmentation potentially leading to a more accurate treatment planning system.