Search results for " MiRNA"

Targeting of multiple myeloma-related angiogenesis by miR-199a-5p mimics: in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity

2014

// Lavinia Raimondi 1 , Nicola Amodio 1 , Maria Teresa Di Martino 1 , Emanuela Altomare 1 , Marzia Leotta 1 , Daniele Caracciolo 1 , Annamaria Gulla 1 , Antonino Neri 2 , Simona Taverna 3 , Patrizia D’Aquila 4 , Riccardo Alessandro 3 , Antonio Giordano 5 , Pierosandro Tagliaferri 1 and Pierfrancesco Tassone 1,5 . 1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, Salvatore Venuta University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy 2 Department of Medical Sciences University of Milan, Hematology1, IRCCS Policlinico Foundation, Milan, Italy 3 Department of Pathology and Forensic and Medical Biotechnology, Section of Biology and…

The role of microRNAs in cancer: diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and targets of therapies

2012

Introduction: miRNAs are noncoding RNAs that target specific mRNA with subsequent regulation of particular genes, implicated in various biological processes. In cancer, miRNAs could show a different expression from normal tissues. miRNAs have a role as oncogenes when they target tumor suppressor genes and similarly they are tumor suppressors when they target oncogenes. Areas covered: In this review, areas covered include the role of miRNAs in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and research for achievement of therapeutic strategies implicating miRNAs in oncology. As biogenesis of miRNAs is fundamental to understand their usefulness, this has also been discussed. Both miRNA expression profiles in ca…

Exploring the miRNA-mediated response to combined stresses in melon plants

2021

AbstractClimate change has been associated with a higher incidence of combined adverse environmental conditions that can promote a significant decrease in crop productivity. However, knowledge on how a combination of stresses might affect plant development is still scarce. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as potential targets for improving crop-productivity. Here, we have combined deep-sequencing, computational characterization of responsive miRNAs and validation of their regulatory role in a comprehensive analysis of melon’s response to several combinations of four stresses (cold, salinity, short day, and infection with a fungus). Twenty-two miRNA families responding to double and/or …

P2.01-017 Circulating miRNAs in Lung Cancer Are Associated to Pro-Tumorigenic and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment

2017

Targeted Therapy Modulates the Secretome of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts to Induce Resistance in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer

2021

The combination of trastuzumab plus pertuzumab plus docetaxel as a first-line therapy in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer has provided significant clinical benefits compared to trastuzumab plus docetaxel alone. However, despite the therapeutic success of existing therapies targeting HER2, tumours invariably relapse. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve our understanding of the mechanisms governing resistance, so that specific therapeutic strategies can be developed to provide improved efficacy. It is well known that the tumour microenvironment (TME) has a significant impact on cancer behaviour. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are essential components of the…

UPREGULATION OF MIR-29A AND GENOMIC DNA HYPERMETHYLATION IN NORMAL KARYOTYPE AML SHOWING DNMT3A MUTATION UPREGOLAZIONE DEL MIR-29A E IPERMETILAZIONE …

2015

DNMT3A, a member of DNA methyltransferases, is mutated in approximately 22% of de novo normal karyotype acute myeloid leukemia (NK-AML) patients leading to adverse overall survival. The highly recurrent mutation in DNMT3A is a “gain of function-like” at codon R882. To indagate about miRNA signature in NK-AML R882-DNMT3A mutated we studied by qRT-PCR the expression of 384 known human miRNA in 9 selected de-novo AML DNMT3A mutated. We compared miRNA expression data with our previous results obtained in 31 AML DNMT3A wild type (WT) and we focused on a strong up-regulation of miR155, miR29a, miR196b and miR25. We consolidated this data in additional 24 new DNMT3A mutated AML and we confirmed th…

Upregulation of miR-29a and genomic DNA hypermethylation in normal karyotype AML showing DNMT3A mutation

2015

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) is frequently associated to normal karyotype and DNMT3A mutations (R882). Since we previously demonstrated distinctive miRNA expression in some AML groups, we study 384 miRNA in 9 selected DNMT3A-mutated NK-AML patients. Comparing these data with our previous results obtained in 31 DNMT3A-unmutated AML, we focused on a significant up-regulation of miR-155, miR-29a, miR-196b and miR-25. We investigated expression of these miRNAs in additional 24 DNMT3A-mutated AML patients and we confirm the up-regulation of miR-155, miR-29a and miR-196b; in particular, we judged very interesting the over expression of miR-29a since is known to directly target DNMT3A, TET1 and T…

Detecting significant features in modeling microRNA-target interactions

2017

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules mediating the translational repression and degradation of target mRNAs in the cell. Mature miRNAs are used as a template by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to recognize the complementary mRNAs to be regulated. Up to 60% of human genes are putative targets of one or more miRNAs. Several prediction tools are available to suggest putative miRNA targets, however, only a small part of the interaction pairs has been validated by experimental approaches. The analysis of the expression profile of the RNA fraction immunoprecipitated (IP) with the RISC proteins is an established method to detect which genes are actually regulated by the R…

From cellular senescence to age-associated diseases: miRNAs as tools and targets for healthy ageing

2017

miRNAs are the most abundant RNA species to be found in cell-free blood, encapsulated within microvesicles or bound to proteins. miRNAs play essential roles in the regulation of various biological processes. Moreover, specific changes in miRNA transcription levels or miRNA secretory levels have been linked to the development and progression of certain age-related diseases. So, they might be an ideal target for modulating healthy ageing

The role of microRNAs in driving EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC cell lines

2016

Background: the inhibition of EGFR kinase activity by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), such as gefitinib and erlotinib, can result in improved response and prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in NSCLC patients harboring sensitizing exon 19del and exon 21 L858R mutations. Unfortunately, almost all patients will develop resistance to EGFR-TKI, in particular T790M is the most frequent mutation. Nowadays, new methods are urgently needed for a rapid, cost-effective and non-invasive identification of biomarkers as a valuable tool for obtaining the genetic follow-up data during the course of the disease. Circulating microRNAs might represent a new precious biomarker for patients’ moni…