Search results for " Migration"

Characterization of EGF-guided MDA-MB-231 cell chemotaxis in vitro using a physiological and highly sensitive assay system

2018

Chemotactic cell migration is a central mechanism during cancer cell invasion and hence metastasis. In order to mimic in vivo conditions, we used a three-dimensional hydrogel matrix made of collagen I and a stable gradient-generating chemotaxis assay system, which is commercially available (μ-Slide Chemotaxis) to characterize epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced chemotaxis of the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Surprisingly, chemotactic effects of EGF on MDA-MB-231 cells could neither be observed in the standard growth medium DMEM/F-12 supplemented with 10% serum nor in starvation medium. In contrast, after adapting the cells to the serum-free growth medium UltraCULTURETM, signif…

Trans-oceanic genomic divergence of Atlantic cod ecotypes is associated with large inversions

2017

Chromosomal rearrangements such as inversions can play a crucial role in maintaining polymorphism underlying complex traits and contribute to the process of speciation. In Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), inversions of several megabases have been identified that dominate genomic differentiation between migratory and nonmigratory ecotypes in the Northeast Atlantic. Here, we show that the same genomic regions display elevated divergence and contribute to ecotype divergence in the Northwest Atlantic as well. The occurrence of these inversions on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean reveals a common evolutionary origin, predating the >100 000-year-old trans-Atlantic separation of Atlantic cod. The long…

Inhibition of cell migration and induction of apoptosis by a novel class II histone deacetylase inhibitor, MCC2344.

2020

Epigenetic modifiers provide a new target for the development of anti-cancer drugs. The eraser histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a class IIb histone deacetylase that targets various non-histone proteins such as transcription factors, nuclear receptors, cytoskeletal proteins, DNA repair proteins, and molecular chaperones. Therefore, it became an attractive target for cancer treatment. In this study, virtual screening was applied to the MicroCombiChem database with 1162 drug-like compounds to identify new HDAC6 inhibitors. Five compounds were tested in silico and in vitro as HDAC6 inhibitors. Both analyses revealed 1-cyclohexene-1-carboxamide, 2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-N-1-naphthalenyl-6-oxo- (MC…

Ectodomain shedding of CD99 within highly conserved regions is mediated by the metalloprotease meprin β and promotes transendothelial cell migration.

2016

The adhesion molecule CD99 is essential for the transendothelial migration of leukocytes. In this study, we used biochemical and cellular assays to show that CD99 undergoes ectodomain shedding by the metalloprotease meprin β and subsequent intramembrane proteolysis by γ-secretase. The cleavage site in CD99 was identified by mass spectrometry within an acidic region highly conserved through different vertebrate species. This finding fits perfectly to the unique cleavage specificity of meprin β with a strong preference for aspartate residues and suggests coevolution of protease and substrate. We hypothesized that limited CD99 cleavage by meprin β would alter cellular transendothelial migratio…

2020

Nature is an indispensable source of new drugs, providing unique bioactive lead structures for drug discovery. In the present study, secalonic acid F (SAF), a naturally occurring ergochrome pigment, was studied for its cytotoxicity against various leukemia and multiple myeloma cells by the resazurin assay. SAF exhibited cytotoxic activity on both leukemia and multiple myeloma cells. Generally, multiple myeloma cells were more sensitive to SAF than leukemia cells. NCI-H929 cells were the most affected cells among the tested panel of multiple myeloma cell lines and were taken for further studies to assess the mode of action of SAF on those cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that SAF induced …

2021

A substantial body of research has shown worse health conditions for East- vs. West-Germany in the wake of reunification. In the present study, we investigate how these differences between the two formerly divided regions developed and what maintains them. Specifically, we consider the associations between health status, income satisfaction, and health-related locus of control. In a quasi-experimental and longitudinal study design, we are particularly interested in the differences between individuals who stayed in East-Germany and those who were born in the East but migrated to West-Germany. To this end, we examined data from seven waves of the Saxony Longitudinal Study (2003–2009). Specifi…

Remittance behaviours of foreigners in Italy

2015

This article investigates the determinants of remittance behaviours among foreigners in Italy and intends to gain a better understanding of the temporal pattern of remittances. The analysis is based on data from the 2009 “Italian Statistics on Income and Living Conditions of Households with Foreigners”. The decisions on whether to remit and how much to remit are separately yet simultaneously estimated using a zero-inflated beta regression model. The findings reveal that remittances are driven by a mix of altruistic and self-interest motives that may persist for many years. Many covariates included in the model have a different effect on the propensity to remit and on the relative amount of …

Reflexión sobre un estudio de Senegal para el diseño de campañas de prevención de la migración de forma irregular

2010

La iniciativa europea Proyecto Infomigra tuvo como objetivo diseñar unas campañas de información para desarrollar en Marruecos y Senegal con la intención de concienciar sobre los peligros de la migración de forma irregular. El trabajo de campo desarrollado en Senegal fue elaborado por Cruz Roja Española y contó con la colaboración de Socioestudia S.L. para el análisis e informe final. De dicho estudio, además del análisis de la información y motivaciones de las personas que mostraban su decisión de emigrar, puede extraerse una apología de la concienciación social en las investigaciones y el fomento en el campo del análisis social para un trabajo conjunto entre sociólogos/as y trabajadores/a…

Flexibility in otherwise consistent non-breeding movements of a long-distance migratory seabird, the long-tailed skua

2017

Quantifying within- and between-individual variation in animal migration strategies is a first step towards our understanding of the ability of migrants to adjust to changes in the en - vironment. We studied consistency (or, conversely, flexibility) in movement patterns at large (>1000 km) to meso-scales (100−1000 km) during the non-breeding season of the long-tailed skua Stercorarius longicaudus, a long-distance migratory Arctic seabird, using light-based geolocation. We obtained 97 annual tracks of 38 individuals and quantified similarity between routes. Overall, tracks of the same individual were generally within about 200 to 300 km of their previous year’s route, and more similar than t…

Seasonal and diel patterns of mayfly (Ephemeroptera) drift in Korge stream, Latvia

2009

A complex set of biotic and abiotic factors affects a drift. Mayfly drift has been extensively studied worldwide, but the manner in which the environmental factors interact is not completely clear. The aim of the present study was to characterise mayfly seasonal and diel drift patterns in relation to abiotic factors in a medium-sized lowland stream in Latvia. Drift samples were collected at three-hour intervals in a riffle section in May, August and September 2007. Distinct seasonal and diel patterns of the mayfly drift were observed in the Korge stream. These were not directly infuenced by primary hydraulic factors e.g. current velocity and discharge, but depended on the active growth peri…