Search results for " Migration"
showing 10 items of 754 documents
When the seasons don't fit: Speedy molt as a routine carry-over cost of reproduction
2013
The failure of animals to fit all life-cycle stages into an annual cycle could reduce the chances of successful breeding. In some cases, non-optimal strategies will be adopted in order to maintain the life-cycle within the scope of one year. We studied trade-offs made by a High Arctic migrant shorebird, the red knot Calidris canutus islandica, between reproduction and wing feather molt carried out in the non-breeding period in the Dutch Wadden Sea. We compared primary molt duration between birds undertaking the full migratory and breeding schedule with birds that forego breeding because they are young or are maintained in captivity. Molt duration was ca. 71 days in breeding adults, which wa…
Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe
2015
We generated genome-wide data from 69 Europeans who lived between 8,000-3,000 years ago by enriching ancient DNA libraries for a target set of almost four hundred thousand polymorphisms. Enrichment of these positions decreases the sequencing required for genome-wide ancient DNA analysis by a median of around 250-fold, allowing us to study an order of magnitude more individuals than previous studies and to obtain new insights about the past. We show that the populations of western and far eastern Europe followed opposite trajectories between 8,000-5,000 years ago. At the beginning of the Neolithic period in Europe, ~8,000-7,000 years ago, closely related groups of early farmers appeared in G…
Paracrine in vivo inhibitory effects of adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stromal cells in the early stages of the acute inflammatory response
2015
Abstract Background aims Excessive or unresolved inflammation leads to tissue lesions. Adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AMSCs) have shown protective effects that may be dependent on the modulation of inflammation by secreted factors. Methods We used the zymosan-induced mouse air pouch model at two time points (4 h and 18 h) to evaluate the in vivo effects of AMSCs and their conditioned medium (CM) on key steps of the early inflammatory response. We assessed the effects of AMSCs and CM on leukocyte migration and myeloperoxidase activity. The levels of chemokines, cytokines and eicosanoids in exudates were measured by use of enzyme-linked immunoassay or radio-immunoassay. In …
Reduced expression of Hugl-1, the human homologue of Drosophila tumour suppressor gene lgl, contributes to progression of colorectal cancer.
2005
The human gene, human giant larvae (Hugl-1/Llg1/Lgl1) has significant homology to the Drosophila tumour suppressor gene lethal(2)giant larvae (lgl). The lgl gene codes for a cortical cytoskeleton protein, Lgl, that binds Myosin II and is involved in maintaining cell polarity and epithelial integrity. The human protein, Hugl-1 contains several conserved functional domains found in Lgl, suggesting that these proteins may have closely related functions. Whether loss of Hugl expression plays a role in human tumorigenesis has so far not been extensively investigated. Thus, we evaluated tumour tissues from 94 patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC) for loss of Hugl-1 transcription…
Control of Cell Migration and Inflammatory Mediators Production by CORM-2 in Osteoarthritic Synoviocytes
2011
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most widespread degenerative joint disease. Inflamed synovial cells contribute to the release of inflammatory and catabolic mediators during OA leading to destruction of articular tissues. We have shown previously that CO-releasing molecules exert anti-inflammatory effects in animal models and OA chondrocytes. We have studied the ability of CORM-2 to modify the migration of human OA synoviocytes and the production of chemokines and other mediators sustaining inflammatory and catabolic processes in the OA joint. Methodology/Principal Findings OA synoviocytes were stimulated with interleukin(IL)-1β in the absence or presence of CORM-2. Migration assay was…
Stock-specific variation of trophic position, diet and environmental stress markers in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar during feeding migrations in the B…
2012
This study investigated stock-specific variation in selected ecophysiological variables during the feeding migrations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in the Baltic Sea. Oxidative stress biomarkers and EROD (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, Cyp1A enzyme) activity were used as indicators of possible environmental stress and stable isotopes as determinants of diet and trophic position. Latvian S. salar stocks Daugava and Gauja had distinct stable-isotope signatures compared to the other stocks, indicating differences in migration patterns, residency or arrival times, or dietary specialization among stocks. Salmo salar originating from Daugava and Gauja also had lower catalase enzyme activity than …
Do otolith annular structures correspond to the first freshwater entry for yellow European eelsAnguilla anguillain the Baltic countries?
2010
To examine the relationship between freshwater entry and otolith annular structures, a total of 113 naturally recruited European eels Anguilla anguilla from Lithuania and Latvia that entered fresh water at least once were collected. In some individuals (8.3-11.3%), the first freshwater entry coincided with a dark check that was distinctly different from neighbouring annuli. In most individuals (81.7-84.9%), the first freshwater entry occurred on rings and increments indistinguishable from other annuli. For the remaining individuals (3.8-10%), the first freshwater entry did not correspond to any otolith ring, band or annulus. According to recent evidence, the observed high correspondence bet…
Needle perforation of the bowel in childhood
2004
Accidental ingestion of foreign bodies occurs frequently in childhood. The majority of them are passed spontaneously, and conservative management generally is recommended for foreign bodies in the stomach and duodenum. However, in some cases, operative intervention should be considered to prevent undesirable complications, such as intestinal perforation. Two cases of intestinal perforation owing to accidental ingestion of a needle are reported. J Pediatr Surg
Evidence for an Association between Post-Fledging Dispersal and Microsatellite Multilocus Heterozygosity in a Large Population of Greater Flamingos
2013
10 pages; International audience; DISPERSAL CAN BE DIVIDED INTO THREE STAGES: departure, transience and settlement. Despite the fact that theoretical studies have emphasized the importance of heterozygosity on dispersal strategies, empirical evidence of its effect on different stages of dispersal is lacking. Here, using multi-event capture-mark-recapture models, we show a negative association between microsatellite multilocus heterozygosity (MLH; 10 loci; n = 1023) and post-fledging dispersal propensity for greater flamingos, Phoenicopterus roseus, born in southern France. We propose that the negative effects of inbreeding depression affects competitive ability and therefore more homozygous…
Incidental finding of migrated pacing lead fragment into pulmonary artery detected with CT
2013
This case shows a rare complication of a migrated atrial lead into the pulmonary artery incidentally detected during a comprehensive evaluation of coronary CT angiography.