Search results for " Modelling"
showing 10 items of 1055 documents
A model for wastewater organic removal and fouling development in a SMBR pilot plant
2007
The paper presents the setting up of a mathematical model for membrane bioreactor able to simulate physical-biological wastewater organic removal. The model is basically divided into two sub-models: the first sub-model is basically devoted for the simulation of the biological features and the second one for the physical processes. In particular regarding the biological aspects, the ASM concept has been employed. On the other hand, the physical processes have been modelled considering the deep-bed theory taking into account not only the effect of the physical membrane filtration but also the cake layer effect. This latter operates as a biological membrane leading to a further reduction of th…
Erosion, screening, and migration of tungsten in the JET divertor
2019
The erosion of tungsten (W), induced by the bombardment of plasma and impurity particles, determines the lifetime of plasma-facing components as well as impacting on plasma performance by the influx of W into the confined region. The screening of W by the divertor and the transport of W in the plasma determines largely the W content in the plasma core, but the W source strength itself has a vital impact on this process. The JET tokamak experiment provides access to a large set of W erosion-determining parameters and permits a detailed description of the W source in the divertor closest to the ITER one: (i) effective sputtering yields and fluxes as function of impact energy of intrinsic (Be,…
The effect of rainfall temporal resolution on urban drainage water quality modelling
2009
Dynamic Modeling for Environmental Processes: A Case Study of Lake Engure
2014
Abstract This focus of the study was on system dynamic models that could be useful for modelling environmental processes in Lake Engure. The paper considers the system dynamic model development principles, the most important elements and structure. The aim of the study was to describe possible methods of ecosystem process modelling that allow to represent the actual state of ecosystems and provide opportunities to predict further processes. The methods of ecosystem modelling considered in the paper reveal interactive factors of anthropogenic and environmental processes that influence changes in ecosystems. System dynamic models indicate not only interactions between various factors in the e…
Transparency reduces predator detection in mimetic clearwing butterflies
2019
International audience; Predation is an important selective pressure and some prey have evolved conspicuous warning signals that advertise unpalatability (i.e. aposematism) as an antipredator defence. Conspicuous colour patterns have been shown effective as warning signals, by promoting predator learning and memory. Unexpectedly, some butterfly species from the unpalatable tribe Ithomiini possess transparent wings, a feature rare on land but common in water, known to reduce predator detection.We tested if transparency of butterfly wings was associated with decreased detectability by predators, by comparing four butterfly species exhibiting different degrees of transparency, ranging from ful…
Comparisons, Categories, and Labels: Investigating the North–South Dichotomy in Europe
2021
The paper presents genealogy-oriented analysis of how the Nordic model gained its dominant characterization as modern, advanced and superior to other European welfare models while Southern European countries came to be labelled laggards in the welfare domain. To illuminate the relational nature of these, and all, comparisons, the analysis accentuates how researchers, politicians, and civil servants alike designate Nordic and Southern European states, their societies, and their welfare models. The empirical analysis focuses on scholarly writings about welfare-state comparisons (1986–2017) and on European Union documents addressing cohesion policies (1986–2021). Analysis of the vocabulary and…
Environmental drivers of lake profundal macroinvertebrate community variation : implications for bioassessment
2011
AN EXPERIMENTAL WORKFLOW FOR THE VIRTUAL RECONSTRUCTION OF ANCIENT STATUES
2021
The work aims to investigate the main steps of a virtual reconstruction process of ancient statues, inspecting theoretical and technical approaches. Two fragmentary Roman statues from the "Sanctuary of Isis", inside the Archaeological Park of Lilibeo-Marsala (Italy), were chosen as a case study. Trying to preserve the original artwork authenticity and the transparency of the reconstruction method, a workflow was developed following three steps: 1) 3D survey and reality based model production; 2) evaluation of reconstruction hypotheses based on a rigorous selection of reference sources; 3) 3D modelling and source-based model creation. Three models for multiple visualization purposes were car…
Real-time optimal control of water distribution systems - Models and techniques, including intermittent supply conditions.
2014
Water quality analysis in network and private storage tanks in intermittent distribution systems
2012
In countries suffering from chronic water shortages, water distribution systems are often operated on an intermittent basis. As a consequence, the network is involved by cyclical filling and emptying periods causing water quality degradation. During the emptying period, the distribution system is unpressurised and it may occur that pollutants move into the network. Moreover, the stagnation period can promote microbial growth. For this reason water is usually heavily chlorinated in order to maintain it potable. Due to intermittent water service users acquire private tanks, which are used for collecting water during serviced periods and distributing it when public service is not available. Th…