Search results for " Models"

ICO Crowdfunding: Incentives, Pricing Strategy, Token Strategy and Crowd Involvement

2020

AbstractBlockchain technologies provide means to develop services that are secure, transparent and efficient by nature. Unsurprisingly, the emerging business opportunities has gained a lot of interest that is realized in form of successful Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) that are able to raise billions of USD through crowdfunding campaign. In this exploratory research we study 91 ICOs through content analysis in order to investigate the special characteristics of ICO crowdfunding as business models towards the possible investors. We found that ICOs can be described through (1) the model for providing incentives for investment, (2) the pricing strategy, (3) the token strategy and (4) the activ…

What Key Aspects Do ICOs Reveal About Their Businesses?

2020

AbstractBlockchain technologies disrupt industries by enabling decentralized and transactional data sharing across a network of untrusted participants, among others. Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) are a novel form of crowdfunding through which hundreds of blockchain-enabled businesses manage to raise billions of dollars in total only in United States. However, there is a lack of understanding of the ICO phenomenon especially related to the business aspects. In this paper, we describe the results of an exploratory study of 91 ICOs and identify the key business model elements that ICOs reveal in their websites and whitepapers. Furthermore, we also note the immaturity and lack of transparency o…

Co-evolution between streaming and live music leads a way to the sustainable growth of music industry : Lessons from the US experiences

2017

While digitization of music, particularly streaming services, has gained increasing popularity, it has also led to a steady decline in the revenues of recorded music industry. This is causing strong concern regarding a potential collapse of the music industry comparable to other print media industries such as newspaper and book publishing. However, recent changes in the music industry initiated by a resurgence of the live music industry are giving rise to some expectations for the survival and growth of the music industry. The parallel paths of increasing popularity of streaming services and a resurgence of live music suggest that these two dynamics are working together in a co-evolutionary…

Coffee Restores Expression of lncRNAs Involved in Steatosis and Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of NAFLD

2021

Background and aim: Coffee intake exerts protective effects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), although without fully cleared mechanisms. In this study we aimed to assess whether coffee consumption may influence the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the liver. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were fed a 12-week standard diet (SD), high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD plus decaffeinated coffee solution (HFD + coffee). Expression of specific lncRNAs involved in NAFLD was analyzed by real-time PCR. For the most differentially expressed lncRNAs, the analysis was also extended to their mRNA targets. Results: Decaffeinated coffee intake reduced body weight gain, prevented NAFLD, lowered…

Cooperative banks and reactions to the crisis: organizational models, governance, strategies

Estimating the Bayesian posterior distribution of indirect effects in causal longitudinal mediation analysis

Many research studies aim to unveil the causal mechanism underlying a particular phenomenon; mediation analysis is increasingly used for this scope, and longitudinal data are particularly suited for mediation since they ensure the correct temporal order among variables and the time spanning allows the causal effects to unfold. This explains the rise of interest in the topic of longitudinal mediation analysis. Many approaches have been proposed to cope with longitudinal mediation (Fosen et al., 2005; Lin et al., 2017), among which mixed-effect modelling. In a recent paper, Bind et al. (Biostatistics, 2016) made use of generalised mixed effect models and provided conditions for the identifiab…

Combining Sequence Analysis and Hidden Markov Models in the Analysis of Complex Life Sequence Data

2018

Life course data often consists of multiple parallel sequences, one for each life domain of interest. Multichannel sequence analysis has been used for computing pairwise dissimilarities and finding clusters in this type of multichannel (or multidimensional) sequence data. Describing and visualizing such data is, however, often challenging. We propose an approach for compressing, interpreting, and visualizing the information within multichannel sequences by finding (1) groups of similar trajectories and (2) similar phases within trajectories belonging to the same group. For these tasks we combine multichannel sequence analysis and hidden Markov modelling. We illustrate this approach with an …

Bayesian causal mediation analysis through linear mixed-effect models

2022

In mediational settings, the main focus is on the estimation of the indirect effect of an exposure on an outcome through a third variable called mediator. The traditional maximum likelihood estimation method presents several problems in the estimation of the standard error and the confidence interval of the indirect effect. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian approach to obtain the posterior distribution of the indirect effect through MCMC, in the context of mediational mixed models for longitudinal data. A simulation study shows that our method outperforms the traditional maximum likelihood approach in terms of bias and coverage rates.

Bayesian semiparametric long memory models for discretized event data

2020

We introduce a new class of semiparametric latent variable models for long memory discretized event data. The proposed methodology is motivated by a study of bird vocalizations in the Amazon rain forest; the timings of vocalizations exhibit self-similarity and long range dependence. This rules out Poisson process based models where the rate function itself is not long range dependent. The proposed class of FRActional Probit (FRAP) models is based on thresholding, a latent process. This latent process is modeled by a smooth Gaussian process and a fractional Brownian motion by assuming an additive structure. We develop a Bayesian approach to inference using Markov chain Monte Carlo and show g…

Do large‐scale associations in birds imply biotic interactions or environmental filtering?

2023

Aim There has been a wide interest in the effect of biotic interactions on species' occurrences and abundances at large spatial scales, coupled with a vast development of the statistical methods to study them. Still, evidence for whether the effects of within-trophic-level biotic interactions (e.g. competition and heterospecific attraction) are discernible beyond local scales remains inconsistent. Here, we present a novel hypothesis-testing framework based on joint dynamic species distribution models and functional trait similarity to dissect between environmental filtering and biotic interactions. Location France and Finland. Taxon Birds. Methods We estimated species-to-species association…