Search results for " Muscle"
showing 10 items of 1495 documents
Endocannabinoid anandamide mediates hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
2013
Endocannabinoids are important regulators of organ homeostasis. Although their role in systemic vasculature has been extensively studied, their impact on pulmonary vessels remains less clear. Herein, we show that the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) is a key mediator of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) via fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH)-dependent metabolites. This is underscored by the prominent vasoconstrictive effect of AEA on pulmonary arteries and strongly reduced HPV in FAAH(-/-) mice and wild-type mice upon pharmacological treatment with FAAH inhibitor URB597. In addition, mass spectrometry measurements revealed a clear increase of AEA and the FAAH-dependent metabolite arac…
Preliminary study of the Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory-11:validation for patients with head and neck cancer
2021
Background Cancer involves numerous physical, psychological and emotional changes and has a negative impact on patients. Although there are a wide variety of questionnaires for general use in patients with cancer, very few are available that assess the pain, disability and craniomandibular functionality of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) in a more specific manner. The purpose of this study is to present the preliminary behavior of the CF-PDI in its reduced version adapted for patients with HNC. Material and Methods A total of 61 patients with HNC were included in a study to preliminarily analyze the internal consistency of the instrument, the convergent validity and the floor and c…
Distribution and course of cortico-respiratory projections for voluntary activation in man
2002
The function and course of the cortico-respiratory projections in man are not yet well established. In 30 normal volunteers respiratory muscles were activated by magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex and the cervical and thoracic spinal roots with bilateral recordings from the respiratory muscles. Following cortical stimulation contralateral responses were obtained in all subjects during voluntary inspiration showing a mean latency and amplitude of 13.4±1.4ms/1.6±1.2 mV (stimulation of the left hemisphere) and 13.2±1.3ms/2.5±2.5 mV (stimulation of the right hemisphere). Ipsilateral responses were obtained in only 18 (right side) and 21 (left side) subjects and had a significantly (p < 0.…
Effects of high-fat diet and physical activity on pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 in mouse skeletal muscle
2012
Abstract Background The expression of PDK4 is elevated by diabetes, fasting and other conditions associated with the switch from the utilization of glucose to fatty acids as an energy source. It is previously shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a master regulator of energy metabolism, coactivates in cell lines pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK4) gene expression via the estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα). We investigated the effects of long-term high-fat diet and physical activity on the expression of PDK4, PGC-1α and ERRα and the amount and function of mitochondria in skeletal muscle. Methods Insulin resistance was induced by a high-fat (HF) d…
Die dynamische 31-Phosphor-Magnetresonanz-Spektroskopie des M. quadriceps: Einfluß von Geschlecht und Alter auf spektroskopische Parameter
1999
PURPOSE 31P-MRS is used to assess the influence of sex und age on quadriceps muscle metabolism before and after exercise. MATERIALS AND METHODS 32 healthy volunteers (15 women, 17 men, mean age: 38 +/- 17 yrs.) were examined by dynamic phosphorus-31 (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). In the magnet, the quadriceps muscle was stressed by an isometric und an isotonic form of exercise until exhaustion, respectively. RESULTS Resting conditions: With increasing subjects' age, the ratio beta-adenosine triphosphate/total phosphate decreased (r = -0.37; p = 0.02). With increasing subjects' age, the ratios inorganic phosphate/phosphocreatine (r = 0.79; p = 5 x 10(-8), phosphomonoester/beta-…
Can you blame cold feet on Epac (and Rap1A)? Focus on “Cyclic AMP-Rap1A signaling activates RhoA to induce α2C-adrenoceptor translocation to the cell…
2012
Intracellular signaling by the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) activates the Ras-related small GTPase Rap1 through the guanine exchange factor Epac. This activation leads to effector protein interactions, activation, and biological responses in the vasculature, including vasorelaxation. In vascular smooth muscle cells derived from human dermal arterioles (microVSM), Rap1 selectively regulates expression of G protein-coupled α2C-adrenoceptors (α2C-ARs) through JNK-c-jun nuclear signaling. The α2C-ARs are generally retained in the trans-Golgi compartment and mobilize to the cell surface and elicit vasoconstriction in response to cellular stress. The present study used human microVSM to exa…
Myositis ossificans of the masseter muscle: A rare location. Report of a case and review of literature
2016
Background Myositis Ossificans is a rare heterotopic bone formation within a muscle being the masticatory muscles exceptionally involved. In most cases there is a previous trauma, bearing in mind that there may be many other etiologies. CT scan and panoramic radiographs along with histological findings are essential diagnostic aids. Case Desciption We report a rare case of MO of masseter muscle in 49 years-old woman after repetitive wisdom tooth infection with the discussion of clinical, radiological and histological features. Clinical Implications MO is a rare disease of masticatory muscles being the masseter the most frequently affected. Wide surgical excision with free margins is the tre…
The anatomic basis of the transversus and rectus abdominis musculoperitoneal (TRAMP) composite flap
1999
The aim of this study was to provide an anatomic basis for the transversus and rectus abdominis musculoperitoneal (TRAMP) flap, recently successfully introduced for vulvovaginal reconstruction. In 25 cadavers the width and length of the portions of rectus and transversus abdominis muscles suitable for the TRAMP flap as well as the length and diameter of the inferior epigastric artery were assessed. The mean length of the rectus abdominis muscle was 32.42±0.48 cm and its width 6.15±0.12 cm. The suitable part of the transversus abdominis muscle measured 19.08±0.3 cm mean length with a mean width of 18.62±0.19 cm. No significant left-right differences were observed. The resulting area of the r…
Effects of motor imagery on strength, range of motion, physical function, and pain intensity in patients with total knee arthroplasty: A systematic r…
2021
Abstract Background In the early stages of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) rehabilitation, in which physical function in general can be affected, motor imagery (MI) might play a relevant role. Objective To assess the impact of MI on strength, active range of motion (ROM), pain intensity, and physical function in patients with TKA. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Pooled effects were calculated as standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relevant outcomes using random effects model. The certainty of evidence was assessed with GRADE approach. Results This review included 7 articles. The addition of…
Possible role of cyclic AMP in the relaxation process of mammalian heart: effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP and theophylline on potassium contractures …
1976
The effect of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DB-c-AMP; 3 X 10(-4)-3 X 10(-3) M) on electrically induced twitch and high potassium (142.4 mM KCl)-induced contracture tension was studied in papillary muscles from normal and reserpinized cats ([Ca]0 1.8 mM; 25 degrees C; pH 7.4). In both groups of preparations, the increase in twitch tension evoked by DB-c-AMP was accompanied by an abbreviation of the time to peak force and of relaxation time. In the same preparations, the high potassium contracture was markedly depressed by DB-c-AMP in a concentration-dependent manner. Similar results were obtained with the N6-monobutyryl derivative of cyclic AMP. The relaxing effects of the cyclic nucleotides on KCl …