Search results for " Numeral"
showing 10 items of 121 documents
High-efficiency fullerene free ternary organic solar cells based with two small molecules as donor
2021
Abstract Herein, we have designed a ternary system comprising of two small molecules (B2 and B3), as donor and a narrow bandgap non-fullerene small molecule acceptor Y6. The chemical structures of B2 and B3 are close to each other but their absorption spectra are complementary with different energy levels. Using these small-molecules, a ternary organic solar cell was fabricated. The presence of B2 in the B3:Y6 blend increases the photon harvesting as well as also forms cascade energy level arrangement which benefits assisting the balancing between the dissociation of excitons into free charge carriers and their subsequent charge transfer between the two donors (B2 and B3) and the acceptor (…
Miscibility of Blends of Biodegradable Polymers and Copolymers with Different Plasticizers
2008
Miscibility between components of different plasticizer(A)/solvent(B)/biodegradable polymer(C) ternary systems with H-bonding has been compared. Systems were formed by two H-donor phenolic plasticizers, 4-nonylphenol (NP) and 4:4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane (BPF); an H-acceptor solvent, epichlorohydrin (ECH); and H-acceptor poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) or poly[(3-hydroxybutyrate)-co-(3-hydroxyvalerate)] (PHBHV) copolymers. Blend miscibility is the result of the balance of three competitive H-bondings: plasticizer self-association (AA), plasticizer-solvent (AB) and plasticizer-polymer (AC) interassociations. The strength and extent of such specific interactions have been experimentally monito…
Abnormal pressure dependence of the phase boundaries in TL/PEO/P(EO-b-DMS) ternary mixtures
2003
The cloud-point temperatures (T-cl's) of both binary poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-poly(ethylene oxide-b-dimethylsiloxane) [P(EO-b-DMS)] and ternary[toluene/PEO/P(EO-b-DMS)] systems were determined by light scattering measurements at atmospheric pressure. The phase separation behavior upon cooling in the ternary system has been investigated at atmospheric pressure and under high pressure and compared to the phase behavior in the binary system. The phase transition temperatures have been obtained for all of the samples. As a result, the pressure induces compatibility in the binary mixtures, but for the ternary system, pressure not only can induce mixing but also can induce phase separation.
Preparation of Poly(l-lactic acid) Scaffolds by Thermally Induced Phase Separation: Role of Thermal History
2018
Abstract Poly-L-Lactic Acid (PLLA) scaffolds for tissue engineering were prepared via thermally induced phase separation of a ternary system PLLA/dioxane/tetrahydrofurane. An extension to solution of a previously developed method for solidification from the melt was adopted, the technique being based on a Continuous Cooling Transformation (CCT) approach, consisting in recording the thermal history of rapidly cooled samples and analysing the resulting morphology. Different foams were produced by changing the thermal history, the dioxane to THF ratio (50/50, 70/30, 90/10 v/v) and the polymer concentration (2, 2.5, 4 ° wt) in the starting ternary solution. Pore size, porosity, melting and crys…
Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibria for binary and ternary systems composed of water, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol at 100 kPa
1996
Isobaric vapor−liquid equilibria data were obtained for the 2-propanol + 1-propanol binary system and the water + 1-propanol + 2-propanol ternary system at 100 kPa. The data were found to be thermodynamically consistent according to the Van Ness−Byer−Gibbs method for the binary system and according to the McDermott−Ellis method for the ternary one. The binary system is well represented by assuming ideal behavior. The binary interaction parameters obtained from this and our previous work are used to predict the vapor−liquid equilibrium for the ternary system using the UNIQUAC, NRTL, and Wilson models. The ternary system is well predicted from binary data.
Isobaric Vapor−Liquid Equilibria for the Binary System 3-Methylpentane + Ethanol and for the Ternary System 2-Methyl-2-propanol + Ethanol + 3-Methylp…
2000
Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibria data were measured for the 3-methylpentane + ethanol binary system and 2-methyl-2-propanol + ethanol + 3-methylpentane ternary system at 101.3 kPa in a temperature range from 329 to 356 K. The data were found to be thermodynamically consistent according to the Van Ness-Byer-Gibbs method for the binary system and according to the McDermott-Ellis method for the ternary one. The binary system shows a minimum boiling azeotrope that boils at 327.9 K and contains 71.4 mol % 3-methylpentane. The binary interaction parameters obtained from this work and literature data are used to predict the vapor-liquid equilibrium for the ternary system using the UNIQUAC, NRTL, a…
Isobaric Vapor−Liquid Equilibria for the Binary System 3-Methylpentane + 2-Methyl-2-propanol and for the Ternary System Methyl 1,1-Dimethylethyl Ethe…
1999
Isobaric vapor−liquid equilibria data were obtained for the 3-methylpentane + 2-methyl-2-propanol binary system and methyl 1,1-dimethylethyl ether + 3-methylpentane + 2-methyl-2-propanol ternary system at 101.3 kPa in a temperature range from 329 to 356 K. The data were found to be thermodynamically consistent according to the Van Ness−Byer−Gibbs method for the binary system and according to the McDermott−Ellis method for the ternary one. The binary system shows a minimum boiling azeotrope that boils at 333.4 K and contains 82.6 mol % of 3-methylpentane. The binary interaction parameters obtained from this work and literature data are used to predict the vapor−liquid equilibrium for the ter…
Effect of the phase behaviour of the solvent–antisolvent systems on the gas–antisolvent-crystallisation of paracetamol
2005
Abstract The influence of the phase behaviour of the solvent–antisolvent system on the process conditions for the gas–antisolvent process is investigated. The two fluids are modelled by the Peng–Robinson equation of state while the dissolved solid is described by a Clapeyron-type approach. Based on the correlation of the ternary system, a liquid–liquid immiscibility region has been found which hinders the proper crystallisation of the solute. A thorough investigation of the binary solvent–antisolvent system by the global phase diagram methods yields a criterion for the proper choice of the solvent. The crucial property turns out to be the distance of the solvent–antisolvent system from the …
First-principles study of the amorphous In3SbTe2phase change compound
2013
Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory were performed to generate amorphous models of the phase change compound In${}_{3}$SbTe${}_{2}$ by quenching from the melt. In-Sb and In-Te are the most abundant bonds with only a minor fraction of Sb-Te bonds. The bonding geometry in the amorphous phase is, however, strongly dependent on the density in the range 6.448--5.75 g/cm${}^{3}$ that we investigated. While at high density the bonding geometry of In atoms is mostly octahedral-like as in the cubic crystalline phase of the ternary compound In${}_{3}$SbTe${}_{2}$, at low density we observed a sizable fraction of tetrahedral-like geometries similar to those pres…
1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene diffusion in polystyrene solutions
1996
Self-diffusion coefficients of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene (TIB) in binary solutions with polystyrene and ternary mixtures comprised of TIB, toluene, and polystyrene have been measured by static gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (SG-NMR) techniques. These data, as well as mutual-diffusion coefficient data measured by capillary column inverse gas chromatography (CCIGC), have been analyzed here with the Vrentas-Duda free-volume diffusion model. Although both binary and ternary diffusion coefficient data can be accurately correlated with the model, the results contradict those of an earlier investigation, which suggested that TIB diffuses as a single unit in polystyrene solutions. The new data…