Search results for " Optics"

showing 10 items of 5880 documents

Performance of the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC

2014

ALICE is the heavy-ion experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The experiment continuously took data during the first physics campaign of the machine from fall 2009 until early 2013, using proton and lead-ion beams. In this paper we describe the running environment and the data handling procedures, and discuss the performance of the ALICE detectors and analysis methods for various physics observables.

p-p and Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions at the LHCPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors01 natural sciences07.05.-tParticle identificationHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ALICEData acquisition29.40.-nAtomic and Molecular Physics[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentAnalysis methodPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderLHC; ALICE; heavy-ion collisions; particle detectors.Physicsparticle detectorsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics3. Good healthPRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika.LHCParticle Physics - Experimentheavy-ion collisionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsGroup method of data handlingFOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear physicsLHC; ALICE; heavy-ion collisions; particle detectors29.85.-c0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsALICE; Heavy-ion collisions; LHC; Particle detectors; Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Nuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physics25.75.-qALICE experimentAstronomy and Astrophysicsheavy-ion collisionsNATURAL SCIENCES. Physics.Physics::Accelerator Physics25.75.-q; 29.40.-n; 29.85.-c; 07.05.-t; LHC ALICE heavy-ion collisions particle detectorsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentHeavy ionALICE; Heavy-ion collisions; LHC; Particle detectorsand OpticsALICE (propellant)Detector performanceInternational Journal of Modern Physics A
researchProduct

Location-Awareness for Failure Management in Cellular Networks: An Integrated Approach

2021

Recent years have seen the proliferation of different techniques for outdoor and, especially, indoor positioning. Still being a field in development, localization is expected to be fully pervasive in the next few years. Although the development of such techniques is driven by the commercialization of location-based services (e.g., navigation), its application to support cellular management is considered to be a key approach for improving its resilience and performance. When different approaches have been defined for integrating location information into the failure management activities, they commonly ignore the increase in the dimensionality of the data as well as their integration into th…

paikkatiedotProcess (engineering)Computer sciencecellular networksmedia_common.quotation_subjectReliability (computer networking)matkaviestinverkot02 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technologycomputer.software_genreverkonhallintaBiochemistryCommercializationArticleField (computer science)Analytical Chemistry0203 mechanical engineering0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringfailure managementlcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringResilience (network)Instrumentationmedia_commonviatLocation awareness020206 networking & telecommunications020302 automobile design & engineeringlocation-awarenessAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsRisk analysis (engineering)positioningKey (cryptography)Cellular networkPsychological resiliencecomputerlangattomat verkot
researchProduct

The Effect of the Range of a Modulating Phase Mask on the Retrieval of a Complex Object from Intensity Measurements

2021

The authors have been supported by the postdoctoral project (1.1.1.2/16/I/001, 1.1.1.2/VIAA/1/16/199), the CAMART2 project (grant agreement ID 739508), the Latvian Investment and Development Agency (LIDA) project (KC-PI-2017/105), and the grant for the Latvian State Emeritus Scientists.

phase retrievalComputer Science::Information RetrievalPhysicsQC1-999phase problem020206 networking & telecommunications02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010309 opticscoherent diffractive imaging0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]Coherent diffractive imagingmagnitude
researchProduct

The effect of noise, a constant background, and bit depth on the phase retrieval of pure phase objects

2021

Acknowledgements – The authors are supported by the postdoctoral project (1.1.1.2/16/I/001; 1.1.1.2/ VIAA/1/16/199, State Education Development Agency, Republic of Latvia).

phase retrievalNoiseComputer scienceAcousticsphase problemColor depthPhase (waves)diffraction:NATURAL SCIENCES::Physics [Research Subject Categories]Constant (mathematics)Phase retrievalAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials
researchProduct

Experimental generalized quantum suppression law in Sylvester interferometers

2017

Photonic interference is a key quantum resource for optical quantum computation, and in particular for so-called boson sampling machines. In interferometers with certain symmetries, genuine multiphoton quantum interference effectively suppresses certain sets of events, as in the original Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. Recently, it was shown that some classical and semi-classical models could be ruled out by identifying such suppressions in Fourier interferometers. Here we propose a suppression law suitable for random-input experiments in multimode Sylvester interferometers, and verify it experimentally using 4- and 8-mode integrated interferometers. The observed suppression is stronger than what is…

photonicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum simulatorFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyInterference (wave propagation)01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materiaquantumquantum informationboson sampling0103 physical sciencesQuantum metrologyquantum opticssuppression lawQuantum information010306 general physicsQuantumBosonQuantum computerQuantum opticsPhysicsgeneralized Hong-Ou-Mandel effectintegrated interferometersQuantum Physicsgeneralized Hong-Ou-Mandel effect; integrated interferometers; multi-photon interference; suppression law021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaw0210 nano-technologyQuantum Physics (quant-ph)multi-photon interference
researchProduct

Thin Film CIGS Solar Cells, Photovoltaic Modules, and the Problems of Modeling

2013

Starting from the results regarding a nonvacuum technique to fabricate CIGS thin films for solar cells by means of single-step electrodeposition, we focus on the methodological problems of modeling at cell structure and photovoltaic module levels. As a matter of fact, electrodeposition is known as a practical alternative to costly vacuum-based technologies for semiconductor processing in the photovoltaic device sector, but it can lead to quite different structural and electrical properties. For this reason, a greater effort is required to ensure that the perspectives of the electrical engineer and the material scientist are given an opportunity for a closer comparison and a common language.…

photovoltaic moduleArticle SubjectComputer sciencelcsh:TJ807-830CIGS solar celllcsh:Renewable energy sourcessolar energyNanotechnologySettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicamodellingGeneral Materials ScienceThin filmThin-film solar cellRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiGeneral ChemistrysimulationEngineering physicsCopper indium gallium selenide solar cellsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSemiconductorThin-film solar cells; CIGS solar cells; modelling; simulations; photonic structures; photovoltaic modules; solar energyCell structurephotonic structurebusiness
researchProduct

Plasma Dynamics Characterization for Improvement of Resonantly Enhanced Harmonics Generation in Indium and Tin Laser-Produced Plasmas

2022

R.A.G. is grateful to H. Kuroda for providing the access to the laser facility. As a Center of Excellence, the Institute of Solid State Physics at the University of Latvia received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement no. 739508, project CAMART².

plasma characterizationindium plasmalaser-induced ablationlaser-induced ablation; plasma characterization; indium plasma; tin plasma; resonance-induced enhancement of harmonics:NATURAL SCIENCES::Physics [Research Subject Categories]tin plasmaRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingresonance-induced enhancement of harmonicsInstrumentationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhotonics
researchProduct

Characterization of thin plastic foils for applications in X-ray optics technology

2007

Thin plastic foils are being investigated to build shell optics for X-ray telescopes. Compared to polished glass optics, the advantage is in terms of increased collecting area, light weight and lower cost. Plastic material is also desirable to allow deformation into a complete surface of revolution. We collected plastic materials of common use for industrial applications and also specialty materials developed for the electronic industry. A comparative study was then performed to evaluate the optical quality of the selected plastic films. Surface analysis was carried out with topographic instruments to investigate the microroughness of our samples at different scan lengths. Preliminary resul…

plastic materialsMaterials sciencex-ray optics grazing incidencex-ray astronomy; x-ray optics grazing incidence; plastic materials; high-performance films; surface analysis; microroughnessbusiness.industryShell (structure)Plastic materialsX-ray opticsX-ray astronomy X-ray optics grazing incidence plastic materials high-performance films surface analysis microroughnessX-ray telescopeDeformation (meteorology)surface analysiseye diseasesx-ray astronomylaw.inventionCharacterization (materials science)Telescopehigh-performance filmsOpticsmicroroughnesslawSurface of revolutionbusiness
researchProduct

Noncovalent axial I∙∙∙Pt∙∙∙I interactions in platinum(II) complexes strengthen in the excited state

2021

Abstract Coordination compounds of platinum(II) participate in various noncovalent axial interactions involving metal center. Weakly bound axial ligands can be electrophilic or nucleophilic; however, interactions with nucleophiles are compromised by electron density clashing. Consequently, simultaneous axial interaction of platinum(II) with two nucleophilic ligands is almost unprecedented. Herein, we report structural and computational study of a platinum(II) complex possessing such intramolecular noncovalent I⋅⋅⋅Pt⋅⋅⋅I interactions. Structural analysis indicates that the two iodine atoms approach the platinum(II) center in a “side‐on” fashion and act as nucleophilic ligands. According to c…

platinakemialliset yhdisteetchemistry.chemical_elementfysikaalinen kemiaCoordination complexMetaljodinoncovalent interactionsNucleophileaxial interactionsexcited stateNon-covalent interactionsplatinumPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryexcited stateschemistry.chemical_classificationiodineCommunicationliganditAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCommunicationsCrystallographychemistryCovalent bondvisual_artExcited stateIntramolecular forcevisual_art.visual_art_mediumPlatinum
researchProduct

High-resolution laser spectroscopy of long-lived plutonium isotopes

2017

Long-lived isotopes of plutonium were studied using two complementary techniques, high-resolution resonance ionisation spectroscopy (HR-RIS) and collinear laser spectroscopy (CLS). Isotope shifts have been measured on the $5f^67s^2\ ^7F_0 \rightarrow 5f^56d^27s\ (J=1)$ and $5f^67s^2\ ^7F_1 \rightarrow 5f^67s7p\ (J=2)$ atomic transitions using the HR-RIS method and the hyperfine factors have been extracted for the odd mass nuclei $^{239,241}$Pu. Collinear laser spectroscopy was performed on the $5f^67s\ ^8F_{1/2} \rightarrow J=1/2\; (27523.61\text{cm}^{-1})$ ionic transition with the hyperfine $A$ factors measured for $^{239}$Pu. Changes in mean-squared charge radii have been extracted and s…

plutoniumAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)collinear laser spectroscopyFOS: Physical sciencesHigh resolutionPlutonium isotopes01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic PhysicsCLs upper limits0103 physical sciencesNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsSpectroscopyHyperfine structureNuclear ExperimentisotopesPhysicsisotoopitta114010308 nuclear & particles physics/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3107Charge (physics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticshigh-resolution resonance ionization spectroscopyResonance ionizationAtomic physics
researchProduct