Search results for " Optics"

showing 10 items of 5880 documents

Crystallization of chiral molecular compounds: what can be learned from the Cambridge Structural Database?

2020

A detailed study on chiral compound structures found in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) is presented. Solvates, salts and co-crystals have intentionally been excluded, in order to focus on the most basic structures of single enantiomers, scalemates and racemates. Similarity between the latter and structures of achiral monomolecular compounds has been established and utilized to arrive at important conclusions about crystallization of chiral compounds. For example, the fundamental phenomenon of conglomerate formation and, in particular, their frequency of occurrence is addressed. In addition, rarely occurring kryptoracemates and scalemic compounds (anomalous racemates) are discussed.…

DatabaseFrequency of occurrenceChemistryMetals and AlloysCrystal structurecomputer.software_genreAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionlawMaterials ChemistryCrystallizationEnantiomercomputerSolid solutionActa Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials
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Optical calibration of a multispectral imaging system based on interference filters

2005

We present a new approach to optically calibrate a multispectral imaging system based on interference filters. Such a system typically suffers from some blurring of its channel images. Because the effectiveness of spectrum reconstruction depends heavily on the quality of the acquired channel images, and because this blurring negatively affects them, a method for deblurring and denoising them is required. The blur is modeled as a uniform intensity distribution within a circular disk. It allows us to characterize, quantitatively, the degradation for each channel image. In terms of global reduction of the blur, it consists of the choice of the best channel for the focus adjustment according to…

DeblurringComputer sciencebusiness.industryNoise reductionWiener filterMultispectral imageComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONGeneral EngineeringImage processingReal imageAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMultispectral pattern recognitionsymbols.namesakeComputer Science::GraphicsInterference (communication)Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionsymbolsComputer visionArtificial intelligenceOptical filterFocus (optics)businessImage restorationOptical Engineering
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Dipolar coupling of nanoparticle-molecule assemblies: An efficient approach for studying strong coupling

2021

Strong light-matter interactions facilitate not only emerging applications in quantum and non-linear optics but also modifications of materials properties. In particular the latter possibility has spurred the development of advanced theoretical techniques that can accurately capture both quantum optical and quantum chemical degrees of freedom. These methods are, however, computationally very demanding, which limits their application range. Here, we demonstrate that the optical spectra of nanoparticle-molecule assemblies, including strong coupling effects, can be predicted with good accuracy using a subsystem approach, in which the response functions of the different units are coupled only a…

Degrees of freedom (statistics)General Physics and AstronomyNanoparticleFOS: Physical sciences010402 general chemistryoptiset ominaisuudet01 natural scienceslinear combination of atomic orbitalstime dependent density functional theorynanorakenteet0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)MoleculePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryoptical spectroscopyQuantumPhysicssurface optics010304 chemical physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicstiheysfunktionaaliteoriapolarizability0104 chemical sciencesplasmonitRange (mathematics)DipoleChemical physicsDensity functional theorynanoparticlesnanohiukkasetplasmonsMagnetic dipole–dipole interaction
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Size-Dependent Structural Evolution and Chemical Reactivity of Gold Clusters

2006

Ground-state structures and other experimentally relevant isomers of Au(15) (-) to Au(24) (-) clusters are determined through joint first-principles density functional theory and photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. Subsequent calculations of molecular O(2) adsorption to the optimal cluster structures reveal a size-dependent reactivity pattern that agrees well with earlier experiments. A detailed analysis of the underlying electronic structure shows that the chemical reactivity of the gold cluster anions can be elucidated in terms of a partial-jellium picture, where delocalized electrons occupying electronic shells move over the ionic skeleton, whose geometric structure is strongly infl…

Delocalized electronGold clusterX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyChemical physicsChemistryCluster (physics)Analytical chemistryIonic bondingDensity functional theoryReactivity (chemistry)Electronic structurePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsChemPhysChem
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B-parameters for ΔS=2 supersymmetric operators

1998

We present a calculation of the matrix elements of the most general set of DeltaS=2 dimension-six four-fermion operators. The values of the matrix elements are given in terms of the corresponding B-parameters. Our results can be used in many phenomenological applications, since the operators considered here give important contributions to K^0--K^0bar mixing in several extensions of the Standard Model (supersymmetry, left-right symmetric models, multi-Higgs models etc.). The determination of the matrix elements improves the accuracy of the phenomenological analyses intended to put bounds on basic parameters of the different models, as for example the pattern of the sfermion mass matrices. Th…

DeltaNuclear and High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeLattice (group)FOS: Physical sciencesQuenched approximationRenormalizationMatrix (mathematics)Theoretical physicsHigh Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Lattice (order)Mixing (physics)Mathematical physicskaon decays lattice supersymmetryPhysicsHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)FísicaSupersymmetryAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticskaone decays lattice supersymmetryFIS/02 - FISICA TEORICA MODELLI E METODI MATEMATICIHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyStandard Model (mathematical formulation)SfermionNon-perturbative
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Dissipation of vibronic energy in a dimer

1992

Abstract The density matrix theory is used for the study of the dissipative quantum dynamics of electron transfer in a dimer. The vibrational modes of the dimer are divided into a single interaction coordinate coupling to the transfered electron and the remaining modes which form a dissipative environment. To correlate the dissipative dynamics with the exact eigenlevels computed for the model system without dissipative environment we analyse the time dependence of the expectation value of the number of vibrational quanta. We analyse the renormalisation of the eigenvalues due to the damping and the relaxation of an excitation into these states.

Density matrixChemistryQuantum dynamicsBiophysicsGeneral ChemistryElectronExpectation valueDissipationCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectron transferQuantum mechanicsDissipative systemRelaxation (physics)Journal of Luminescence
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Integral-geometrical consideration of density matrices

1995

The ensemble N-representability problem for the k-th order reduced density matrix (k-RDM) as well as the problem of reconstruction of the N-particle system density matrices (N-DM) from a given k-RDM are studied. The spatial parts of the k-RDM expansion in terms of spin tensorial operators {Theta}{sub {lambda}} are represented using particular values (at specially chosen {Xi} = {Xi}{sub o}) of the Radon transform D{sub N{lambda}} D{sub N{lambda}}({Xi}) of the N-DM spatial parts (or their sums) D{sub N{lambda}}({chi}{prime}{vert_bar}{chi}{double_prime}) (here, {Xi} is a d-plane in the n-space {Re}{double_prime} of {chi} = ({chi}{prime}, {chi}{double_prime}), with n = 6N, d = 3(N - k), {chi}{p…

Density matrixCombinatoricsOrder (ring theory)Reduced density matrixPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySymmetry (geometry)Condensed Matter PhysicsLambdaAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPrime (order theory)Spin-½International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
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Anomalous d-like surface resonances on Mo(110) analyzed by time-of-flight momentum microscopy.

2015

The electronic surface states on Mo(110) have been investigated using time-of-flight momentum microscopy with synchrotron radiation (hν=35 eV). This novel angle-resolved photoemission approach yields a simultaneous acquisition of the E-vs-k spectral function in the full surface Brillouin zone and several eV energy interval. (kx,ky,EB)-maps with 3.4 A(-1) diameter reveal a rich structure of d-like surface resonances in the spin-orbit induced partial band gap. Calculations using the one-step model in its density matrix formulation predict an anomalous state with Dirac-like signature and Rashba spin texture crossing the bandgap at Γ¯ and EB=1.2 eV. The experiment shows that the linear dispersi…

Density matrixPhysicsBand gapAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyLinear dichroismMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBrillouin zoneMomentumQuantum mechanicsInstrumentationSurface statesSpin-½Ultramicroscopy
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Remote Modification of Bidentate Phosphane Ligands Controlling the Photonic Properties in Their Complexes: Enhanced Performance of [Cu(RN‐xantphos)(N…

2020

A series of copper(I) complexes of the type [Cu(HN-xantphos)(N^N)][PF6] and [Cu(BnN-xantphos)(N^N)][PF6], in which N^N = bpy, Mebpy and Me2bpy, HN-xantphos = 4,6-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)-10H-phenoxazine and BnN-xantphos = 10-benzyl-4,6-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)-10H-phenoxazine is described. The single crystal structures of [Cu(HN-xantphos)(Mebpy)][PF6] and [Cu(BnN-xantphos)(Me2bpy)][PF6] confirm the presence of N^N and P^P chelating ligands with the copper(I) atoms in distorted coordination environments. Solution electrochemical and photophysical properties of the BnN-xantphos-containing compounds (for which the highest-occupied molecular orbital is located on the phenoxazine moiety) are repor…

DenticityMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyXantphosLigandQuantum yield02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryExcited stateDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologySingle crystalAdvanced Optical Materials
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Entanglement dynamics of two independent cavity-embedded quantum dots

2010

We investigate the dynamical behavior of entanglement in a system made by two solid-state emitters, as two quantum dots, embedded in two separated micro-cavities. In these solid-state systems, in addition to the coupling with the cavity mode, the emitter is coupled to a continuum of leaky modes providing additional losses and it is also subject to a phonon-induced pure dephasing mechanism. We model this physical configuration as a multipartite system composed by two independent parts each containing a qubit embedded in a single-mode cavity, exposed to cavity losses, spontaneous emission and pure dephasing. We study the time evolution of entanglement of this multipartite open system finally …

DephasingFOS: Physical sciencesQuantum entanglementOpen system (systems theory)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaOpen quantum systemsAtomic and Molecular PhysicsQuantum mechanicsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Spontaneous emissionMathematical PhysicsPhysicsQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsTime evolutionCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics; Mathematical Physics; Condensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMultipartite68.65.Hb Quantum dots (patterned in quantum wells)Quantum dotQubitPhysics::Accelerator Physicsand OpticsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)68.65.Hb Quantum dots (patterned in quantum wells); Open quantum systems
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