Search results for " Optics"

showing 10 items of 5880 documents

Accommodation in human eye models: a comparison between the optical designs of Navarro, Arizona and Liou-Brennan.

2017

Aim To simulate and compare accommodation in accommodative and non-accommodative human eye models. Methods Ray tracing and optical design program was used. Three eye models were designed and studied: the Navarro, the Arizona and the Liou-Brennan. In order to make the Navarro and Liou-Brennan models to accommodate, specific geometric parameters of the models were altered with values that were chosen from the literature. For the Arizona model, its' mathematical functions for accommodation were used for the same accommodative demands. The simulation included four distances of accommodation for each model: at infinity, 3, 1 and 0.5 m.The results were diffraction images of a "letter F" for graph…

DiffractionZernike polynomialsbusiness.industryMathematical analysis01 natural sciences010309 opticsRoot mean squareOphthalmologysymbols.namesakemedicine.anatomical_structureBasic ResearchOptical transfer function0103 physical sciencessymbolsAiry diskMedicineOptometryHuman eyeRay tracing (graphics)businessAccommodationInternational journal of ophthalmology
researchProduct

Joint transform correlator with spatial code division multiplexing.

2006

A joint transform correlator may suffer from overlapping of the zero diffraction order of the output, which does not contain relevant information, and the correlation peaks that appear in the first diffraction orders if objects are not sufficiently separated. Such overlapping significantly reduces the signal-to-noise ratio of the identification process. We propose a novel approach based on code division multiplexing technique in which the contrast of the identification peaks is significantly enhanced. The approach does not include placing the two objects side by side but rather includes code multiplexing them. Moreover, the code division multiplexing technique allows the space-bandwidth pro…

Diffractionbusiness.industryComputer scienceCode division multiple accessMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Fourier opticsProcess (computing)Division (mathematics)MultiplexingIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringsymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformModulationCode (cryptography)symbolsBusiness and International ManagementbusinessPhase modulationApplied optics
researchProduct

Transverse resolution improvement using rotating-grating time-multiplexing approach

2008

The ability to improve the limited resolving power of optical imaging systems while approaching the theoretical diffraction limit has been an attractive discipline with growing interest over the last years due to its benefits in many applied optics systems. This paper presents a new approach to achieve transverse superresolution in far-field imaging systems, with direct application in both digital microscopy and digital holographic microscopy. Theoretical analysis and computer simulations show the validity of the presented approach.

Diffractionbusiness.industryComputer scienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONGratingMultiplexingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsTime-division multiplexingOptical transfer functionMedical imagingDigital holographic microscopyComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionbusinessImage resolutionJournal of the Optical Society of America A
researchProduct

Diffusion stabilizes cavity solitons in bidirectional lasers

2009

We study the influence of field diffusion on the spatial localized structures (cavity solitons) recently predicted in bidirectional lasers. We find twofold positive role of the diffusion: 1) it increases the stability range of the individual (isolated) solitons; 2) it reduces the long-range interaction between the cavity solitons. Latter allows the independent manipulation (writing and erasing) of individual cavity solitons.

Diffusion (acoustics)Field (physics)FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsGallium nitridePattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)Ring (chemistry)Molecular physicslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawQuantum mechanicsClockwiseDiffusion (business)Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsPhysicsRange (particle radiation)Weak signalLaserNonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSplit-step methodNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemschemistryGinzburg–Landau theoryAtomic physicsOptics Express
researchProduct

In Vitro Measurement of Strain Localization Preceding Dissection of the Aortic Wall Subjected to Radial Tension

2020

AbstractBackgroundAortic dissection (AD) is a common pathology and challenging clinical problem. A better understanding of the biomechanical effects preceding its initiation is essential for predicting adverse events on a patient-specific basis. Moreover, the predictability of patient-specific biomechanics-based computational models is hampered by uncertainty about boundary conditions and material properties.ObjectivePredisposition of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) to ADs can be related to the degradation of biomechanically important constituents in the aortic wall of TAAs. The goal of the present study is to develop a new methodology to measure strain fields in aortic tissues subjected to…

Digital image correlationMaterials scienceAortic dissectionAerospace EngineeringDissection (medical)030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRadial tensile test01 natural sciencesThoracic aortic aneurysm010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesSpeckle pattern0302 clinical medicineAneurysmmedicine.artery0103 physical sciencesmedicineThoracic aortaStrain fieldTensile testingAortic dissectionOptical coherence tomographyMechanical EngineeringDigital image correlationSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria Industriale[SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]medicine.diseaseMechanics of MaterialsRadial stiffnessBiomedical engineering
researchProduct

3D displacement field measurement with correlation based on the micro-geometrical surface texture

2011

Image correlation methods are widely used in experimental mechanics to obtain displacement field measurements. Currently, these methods are applied using digital images of the initial and deformed surfaces sprayed with black or white paint. Speckle patterns are then captured and the correlation is performed with a high degree of accuracy to an order of 0.01 pixels. In 3D, however, stereo-correlation leads to a lower degree of accuracy. Correlation techniques are based on the search for a sub-image (or pattern) displacement field. The work presented in this paper introduces a new correlation-based approach for 3D displacement field measurement that uses an additional 3D laser scanner and a C…

Digital image correlationPixelLaser scanningWavinessbusiness.industryComputer scienceMechanical EngineeringAcousticsParticle displacementAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSpeckle patternDigital imageDisplacement fieldComputer visionArtificial intelligenceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessOptics and Lasers in Engineering
researchProduct

Comments on “Mean velocity and turbulent characteristics of flow over half-cycle cosine sharp-crested weirs” by Salehi S., Esmaili K., Azimi A.H.

2019

Abstract In this paper the stage-discharge equation of a half-cycle cosine weir is theoretically deduced applying the Π-Theorem of dimensional analysis and the self-similarity theory. The coefficients of the new stage-discharge relationships are estimated using the results of the experimental runs by Salehi et al..

Dimensional analysiSelf-similarityHalf cycleTurbulenceMathematical analysis0207 environmental engineering02 engineering and technologySharp-crested weirs01 natural sciencesFlow measurementComputer Science ApplicationsFlow measurementSelf-similarity010309 opticsFlow (mathematics)Physics::Plasma PhysicsModeling and SimulationCosine weir0103 physical sciencesWeirTrigonometric functionsElectrical and Electronic Engineering020701 environmental engineeringInstrumentationMathematicsFlow Measurement and Instrumentation
researchProduct

Theoretical studies on the spectroscopy of the 7-azaindole monomer and dimer

2001

The absorption and the emission spectra, both fluorescence and phosphorescence, of the 7-azaindole molecule have been studied by means of the complete active space (CAS) SCF method and multiconfigurational second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2). Excitation energies, oscillator strengths, dipole moments, transition dipole moments, and their directions have been computed and the results compared to those of analogous molecules such as indene, indole, and benzimidazole, to get a homogeneous picture of the photophysics of the systems. The absorption and emission of the 7-azaindole dimer and its related tautomer have also been computed in order to get further insight into the double fluoresce…

DimerCondensed Matter PhysicsTautomerMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticschemistry.chemical_compoundDipolechemistryComputational chemistryMoleculeComplete active spaceEmission spectrumPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyPhosphorescenceInternational Journal of Quantum Chemistry
researchProduct

Elongated push–pull diphenylpolyenes for nonlinear optics: molecular engineering of quadratic and cubic optical nonlinearities via tuning of intramol…

1999

Abstract Push–pull polyenes are of particular interest for nonlinear optics (NLO) as well as model compounds for long-distance intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). In order to tune the ICT phenomenon and control the linear and nonlinear optical properties, we have synthesized and investigated several series of soluble push–pull diphenylpolyenes of increasing length and having various donor (D) and acceptor (A) end groups. Their linear and NLO properties have been studied by performing electro-optical absorption measurements (EOAM) and third-harmonic generation (THG) experiments in solution. Each push–pull molecule exhibits an intense ICT absorption band in the visible characterized by an i…

DipoleChemistryAbsorption bandComputational chemistryIntramolecular forceSolvatochromismGeneral Physics and AstronomyNonlinear opticsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Molecular physicsAcceptorExcitationChemical Physics
researchProduct

Organic Materials for Non-Linear Optics: The 2D Approach

1998

Conventional organic molecules for applications in second-order non-linear optics are donor–acceptor substituted π systems that show only one intense charge-transfer (CT) transition. Thus, only a single element of the second-order polarizability tensor, β, is significant in these one-dimensional systems. The advantages and optimization strategies for two new classes of molecules with multiple CT transitions and two-dimensional second-order polarizability are reviewed. These are donor–acceptor substituted π systems that lack a dipole and have a molecular symmetry of C3 or higher, and dipolar molecules of symmetry C2v. A basic introduction to the field is also given.

DipoleField (physics)ChemistryChemical physicsPolarizabilityMolecular symmetryMoleculeNonlinear opticsNanotechnologySingle elementGeneral MedicinePhysics::Chemical PhysicsSymmetry (physics)Journal f�r Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung
researchProduct