Search results for " PATOLOGIA"
showing 10 items of 779 documents
Insulin pathway and its correlation with ageing and longevity
2014
Ageing is unavoidable and leads to the reduction of the ability to adapt to the environment, involving the organism at all levels. Approximately 25% of the overall variation in human lifespan can be attributed to genetic factors, which become more relevant for extreme longevity. A “favourable” genetic background is essential to live longer. Longevity depends on the survival after reproduction and genes that lead to longevity are “survival genes” rather than “longevity genes”. But human population is very heterogeneous because of the different genetic background and different environmental stimuli thus it has not been yet possible to identify a clear panel of biomarkers of ageing and longevi…
I centenari, modello di invecchiamento di successo e la malattia di Alzheimer, modello di invecchiamento senza successo
2020
How Important Are Genes to Achieve Longevity?
2022
Several studies on the genetics of longevity have been reviewed in this paper. The results show that, despite efforts and new technologies, only two genes, APOE and FOXO3A, involved in the protection of cardiovascular diseases, have been shown to be associated with longevity in nearly all studies. This happens because the genetic determinants of longevity are dynamic and depend on the environmental history of a given population. In fact, population-specific genes are thought to play a greater role in the attainment of longevity than those shared between different populations. Hence, it is not surprising that GWAS replicated associations of common variants with longevity have been few, if an…
La malattia: dagli sciamani alla medicina di precisione
2016
This book is not only an introductory refocusing of the foundations of Pathology general, but it would also be an excellent guide to intelligently instruct a solid, more advanced and necessary reform of medical curricula. The General Pathology has represented, at the origins and in the phase of greater scientific development of medicine, the space for meeting and integration between the two more advanced experimental applications applied to the study of diseases. A little abandoned in its function of theoretical synthesis from the advent of EBM (evidence based medicine), in the face of the challenges represented from the flow of genomic data and from the expectations of seeing a new persona…
Human Liver and microRNA profiling: effects of donor and recipient age-mismatch in transplant
2012
MGUS and multiple myeloma: looking for “new” markers and exploring the interaction with the bone marrow microenvironment.
Role of sex and age in fatal outcomes of COVID-19: women and older centenarians are more resilient.
2023
In the present paper, we have analysed the role of age and sex in the fatal outcome of COVID-19, as there are conflicting results in the literature. As such, we have answered three controversial questions regarding this aspect of the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) Have women been more resilient than men? (2) Did centenarians die less than the remaining older people? (3) Were older centenarians more resistant to SARS-CoV-2 than younger centenarians? The literature review demonstrated that: (1) it is women who are more resilient, in agreement with data showing that women live longer than men even during severe famines and epidemics; however, there are conflicting data regarding centenarian men; (2) c…
Immunoflogosi e declino cognitivo dell'anziano. Contributo delle infezioni batteriche croniche: il modello umano della parodontite.
2014
La parodontite (PD) è un'infezione periferica polimicrobica ad elevata prevalenza, associata a batteri anaerobi gram-. Nella PD l'equilibrio tra batteri e risposta dell'ospite è alterato, risultando in un'infiammazione incontrollata caratterizzata da alti livelli di mediatori infiammatori (IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-a) e bassi livelli di molecole anti-infiammatorie (IL-10). Localmente, tali molecole interagiscono amplificando la flogosi ed attivando i meccanismi responsabili della distruzione tissutale. Inoltre, nei pazienti con PD, chemochine (IL-8, Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) e citochine (IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-17, TNF- a) infiammatorie sono elevate anche nel plasma, contribuendo al caric…