Search results for " POWER GENERATION"
showing 10 items of 28 documents
Reconfiguration Techniques of Partial Shaded PV Systems for the Maximization of Electrical Energy Production
2007
In this paper, the research of the optimal layout of photovoltaic (PV) modules in a PV array giving the maximum output power under different shaded working conditions is carried out. The particular condition of non uniform solar exposition of the modules is analyzed. The study of the different configurations has been carried out starting from a circuital model used for the design of PV cells and for the simulation of the working behavior of PV arrays. The attained results appear to be interesting although the complexity of the problem in mathematical terms is huge when the number of panels is high. Moreover, the results confirm that this approach often allows to attain a higher electrical e…
Flexible power converters for the fault tolerant operation of Micro-Grids
2010
The progressive penetration level of Distributed Generation (DG) is destined to cause deep changes in the existing distribution networks no longer considered as passive terminations of the whole electrical system. A possible solution is the realization of small networks, namely the Micro-Grids, reproducing in themselves the structure of the main production and distribution of the electrical energy system. In order to gain an adequate reliability level of the microgrids the individuation and the management of the faults with the goal of maintaining the micro-grid operation (fault tolerant operation) is quite important. In the present paper flexible power converters and a companion control al…
A New Solution for Low-Voltage Distributed Generation Interface Protection System
2015
In this paper, a new solution is proposed for the remote monitoring and control of distributed generators (DGs) and energy storage systems (ESSs) connected to low-voltage distribution networks. The proposed system fulfills the in-force standard requirements for the connection of DGs to the utility grid. Moreover, it allows implementing some enhanced functions for the remote control of inverters of DGs and ESSs, not only in terms of disconnection but also in terms of voltage regulation and power shuttering. The proposed solution is based on a new interface protection system and a dedicated secondary substation concentrator, which allows the communication between the distributed system operat…
Characterization of clamp-on current transformers under nonsinusoidal conditions
2009
This paper reports the performance of clamp-on current transformers under nonsinusoidal conditions. A set of experimental measurements helped to determine the ratio and the phase errors under two conditions: 1) sinusoidal excitation with frequencies from 45 to 1000 Hz and 2) nonsinusoidal excitation using the fundamental frequency and one harmonic, with adjusted phase shift. It was found that ratio and phase errors are affected by the phase angle between the harmonic and the fundamental and the harmonic amplitude. The effects of conductor location in the current transformer's window and of the air-gap width were also investigated. It was concluded that harmonic phase and ratio errors measur…
Evaluation of the power quality from a seawave power farm for different interconnection schemes
2007
In this paper we present an approach to the interconnection of a seawave power farm to the grid The generator type used in the farm is a Permanent Magnet (PM) linear generator driven from the seawaves that generates, therefore, highly distorted emfs. We propose and compare two possible ways to interconnect the farm to the grid. One is based on an approach where for each generator there is a conversion subsystem that permits the direct connection of each generator to the a.c. network, the other one is based on an ac.-d.c. converter that is connected to the generator, the converter is connected to a dc link that can receive the power from every unit and that can supply a dc-ac converter direc…
Analysis of interconnection substations for sewave power farms
2014
In this paper we analyse the interconnection of a seawave power farm to the grid. The generator type used in the farm is a linear synchronous generator driven from the seawaves that generates, highly distorted emfs. We presents two possible ways to interconnect the farm to the grid. One is based on an approach where for each generator there is a conversion subsystem that permits the direct connection of each generator to the a.c. network, the other one is based on an a.c.-d.c. converter that is connected to the generator, the converter is connected to a dc link that can receive the power from every unit and that can supply a dc-ac converter directly connected to the main.
A Coexistence Analysis of Blockchain, SCADA Systems, and OpenADR for Energy Services Provision
2022
The advent of blockchain technology allows the raise of new business models for the electricity market, opening the way also to end-users and letting them offer regulation services to the power grid. Thanks to the characteristic of being distributed, the blockchain technology could be a solution to balancing problems caused by the penetration of renewable sources, implementing a platform for Demand-Response programs delivery. Demand-Response allows consumers to respond to market signals by increasing or reducing their energy consumption, contributing to greater flexibility and stability of the grid and to a more efficient use of infrastructures and energy resources. Currently, Demand-Respon…
A Magnetostrictive Electric Power Generator for energy harvesting from traffic: Design and experimental verification
2015
In the last decades, the growth in energy demand, the decrease of fossil fuels available in the market and the impact of anthropogenic factors on climate change has given new impulse to research on renewable energy systems, particularly those known as energy harvesting devices (EHDs) [1]. A large number of EHDs have been proposed, using different operating principle [1-4]. Among them, piezoelectric and magnetostrictive seem to be particularly suitable for the application in EHD. In these materials the application of external mechanical stress induces a change in the level of magnetization and therefore an electromotive force (emf) can be generated and collected in order to produce electrica…
A new formulation of the optimal compensation and reconfiguration problem including minimum load nodes unavailability for automated distribution netw…
2004
This paper deals with a new formulation of the optimal operation of electrical distribution networks problem in regular working state. In the new deregulated energy market providing reliable and economical service to customers is a primary task. The multiobjective formulation of the reconfiguration and compensation problem used in this paper considers as a primary object also the minimisation of the load nodes unavailability (UA) expressed in probabilistic terms. Therefore, the objectives to be attained through the optimisation strategy are: minimal power losses operation, minimum UA of the load nodes, load balancing among the HV/MV transformers, and voltage profile regularisation. The appl…
Evaluation of the optimal renewable electricity mix for Lampedusa island: The adoption of a technical and economical methodology
2020
Abstract Worldwide, the majority of small islands not connected to the main grid is still dependent on fossil fuels. From an economic and environmental point of view, this condition is no more sustainable given the high costs for electricity generation and the high level of pollutant emissions. Furthermore, the dependence on fossil fuel represents a risk for the security of the supply of several small developing Countries since they are obliged to import those resources from foreign Countries. The introduction of renewable energy sources in small islands represents a valid solution to solve these problems. In this context, the paper investigates the case of Lampedusa, a small Italian island…