Search results for " PROGRESS"
showing 10 items of 1287 documents
Racism, Xenophobia and Intolerance
2015
Unlike what is usually assumed, racism is neither a phenomenon of the past nor exclusive to other latitudes. As Wieviorka points out (2009, p. 15), today there has been a surprising return of racism, even in societies that could be expected to be ridding themselves of it. Until the 1960s, the outlook clearly seemed optimistic, as the prevailing idea was that political and economic progress would end up burying phenomena of this type. This hypothesis, however, was soon revealed to be overly optimistic. Racism currently exists in European societies, and it is one of the great challenges of their present and future. Therefore, regardless of future social evolution, it is likely that European s…
Hepatobiliary phase hypointensity predicts progression to hepatocellular carcinoma for intermediate-high risk observations, but not time to progressi…
2020
Purpose: To determine whether hepatobiliary phase hypointensity, enhancing “capsule” and size provide prognostic information regarding the risk of progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as well as the time to progression, of intermediate to high risk observations ≥ 10 mm with arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE). Method: This retrospective dual-institution study included 160 LR-3 and 26 LR-4 observations measuring more than 10 mm and having APHE in 136 patients (mean age [SD], 57 [11] years old). A composite reference standard of pathologic analysis and imaging follow-up was used. The prognostic performance of hepatobiliary phase hypointensity, enhancing “capsule” and size (cut-of…
The “Janus” Role of C/EBPs Family Members in Cancer Progression
2020
CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) constitute a family of transcription factors composed of six members that are critical for normal cellular differentiation in a variety of tissues. They promote the expression of genes through interaction with their promoters. Moreover, they have a key role in regulating cellular proliferation through interaction with cell cycle proteins. C/EBPs are considered to be tumor suppressor factors due to their ability to arrest cell growth (contributing to the terminal differentiation of several cell types) and for their role in cellular response to DNA damage, nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, and genotoxic agents. However, C/EBPs can elicit completely opposi…
Constructive Dynamic Program Slicing Research
2010
Program slicing is a promising technique for providing automated support for various important software engineering activities. There exists hundreds of scientific studies on the theory of slicing. However, slicing is still not widely applied in software industry. Therefore, there is a need to survey and characterize the conducted research and to analyze what problems hinder progress. This paper answers to that need by providing a survey of constructive dynamic program slicing research focusing on publication series with high visibility. The survey identified 12 dynamic slicers related to which 12 aspects were studied. The analysis revealed many issues which can be seen both as concerns and…
ALS monocyte-derived microglia-like cells reveal cytoplasmic TDP-43 accumulation, DNA damage, and cell-specific impairment of phagocytosis associated…
2022
Abstract Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease characterised by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons. Increasing evidence indicates that neuroinflammation mediated by microglia contributes to ALS pathogenesis. This microglial activation is evident in post-mortem brain tissues and neuroimaging data from patients with ALS. However, the role of microglia in the pathogenesis and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis remains unclear, partly due to the lack of a model system that is able to faithfully recapitulate the clinical pathology of ALS. To address this shortcoming, we describe an approach that generates monocyte-derived mi…
Is the European Social Progress Index robust? Implications for the design of European Union regional Cohesion Policy
2023
The European Social Progress Index (EU-SPI) is a composite index launched by the European Commission in 2016 to assess social progress. It is constructed using non-economic indicators, and is intended to serve as a tool for European regional policies. This paper shows that the 2020 release of the index is robust to multiple alternative designs, and thus suitable for policymaking. The EU-SPI and gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc) are positively correlated, although they are in no way substitutes. These findings suggest that the EU-SPI could complement the GDPpc as an instrument to determine eligibility and achieve a more citizen-oriented allocation of European Cohesion Policy funds.
T Cell-Specific Overexpression of TGFß1 Fails to Influence Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice
2013
Clinical data have indicated a negative correlation between plasma TGFß1 concentrations and the extent of atherosclerosis and have thus led to the hypothesis that the pleiotropic cytokine may have anti-atherogenic properties. T-cells are currently discussed to significantly participate in atherogenesis, but the precise role of adaptive immunity in atherogenesis remains to be elucidated. TGFß1 is known to strongly modulate the function of T-cells, however, inhibition of TGFß1 signalling in T-cells of atherosclerosis-prone knock-out mice failed to unequivocally clarify the role of the cytokine for the development of atherosclerosis. In the present study, we thus tried to specify the role of T…
IL-6 Signaling Promotes Tumor Growth in Colorectal Cancer
2004
Recent investigations support an important role for TGF-beta in the development of colorectal cancer. However, the molecular consequences of TGF-beta signaling in the colon remains incompletely understood. In a recent study in Immunity, we analyzed the role of TGF-beta in a murine model of colon cancer. Using transgenic mice overexpressing TGF-beta or a dominant negative TGF-beta receptor II under control of the CD2 minigene, we show that TGF-beta signaling in tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes regulates the growth of dysplastic colon epithelial cells, as determined by histology and a novel system for high resolution chromoendoscopy in vivo. At the molecular level, TGF-beta signaling in T cel…
TGF-β Suppresses Tumor Progression in Colon Cancer by Inhibition of IL-6 trans-Signaling
2004
Alterations of TGF-beta signaling have been described in colorectal cancer, although the molecular consequences are largely unknown. By using transgenic mice overexpressing TGF-beta or a dominant-negative TGF-betaRII, we demonstrate that TGF-beta signaling in tumor infiltrating T lymphocytes controls the growth of dysplastic epithelial cells in experimental colorectal cancer, as determined by histology and a novel system for high-resolution chromoendoscopy. At the molecular level, TGF-beta signaling in T cells regulated STAT-3 activation in tumor cells via IL-6. IL-6 signaling required tumor cell-derived soluble IL-6R rather than membrane bound IL-6R and suppression of such TGF-beta-depende…
Immune characterization of the HBHA-specific response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected patients with or without HIV infection.
2017
Introduction RD1-based Interferon-γ Release Assays (IGRAs) cannot distinguish latent from active tuberculosis (TB) disease. Conversely, a positive response to heparin-binding haemagglutinin (HBHA)-based IGRAs, among TB-infected subjects, correlates with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) containment and low risk of TB progression. The aim of this study was to characterize HBHA-immune responses in HIV-infected and uninfected subjects with active TB or latent TB infection (LTBI). Methods 49 subjects were prospectively enrolled: 22 HIV-uninfected (13 TB, 9 LTBI) and 27 HIV-infected (12 HIV-TB, 15 HIV-LTBI). Whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with HBHA and RD1 anti…