Search results for " Peer"
showing 10 items of 105 documents
Peer Discipline and Incentives Within Groups
2014
We investigate how a collusive group can sustain non-Nash actions by enforcing internal discipline through costly peer punishment. We give a simple and tractable characterization of schemes that minimize discipline costs while preserving incentive compatibility. We apply the model to a public goods contribution problem. We find that if the per-capita benefit from the public good is low, then regardless of whether peer discipline is feasible or not only small groups will contribute to the good. If the public good benefit is significant but peer discipline is infeasible it remains the case that only small groups contribute. On the other hand, if the public good benefit is significant but peer…
Privacy-Preserving Overgrid: Secure Data Collection for the Smart Grid
2020
In this paper, we present a privacy-preserving scheme for Overgrid, a fully distributed peer-to-peer (P2P) architecture designed to automatically control and implement distributed Demand Response (DR) schemes in a community of smart buildings with energy generation and storage capabilities. To monitor the power consumption of the buildings, while respecting the privacy of the users, we extend our previous Overgrid algorithms to provide privacy preserving data aggregation (PP-Overgrid). This new technique combines a distributed data aggregation scheme with the Secure Multi-Party Computation paradigm. First, we use the energy profiles of hundreds of buildings, classifying the amount of &ldquo
The Protection of the Weaker Parties in the Platform Economy
2018
Known by many names – platform, sharing, peer-to-peer (p2p), collaborative economy, and so on - entirely new business models have emerged in recent years, whereby online platforms use digital technologies to connect distinct groups of users in order to facilitate transactions for the exchange of assets and services. This dramatic shift in business organisation and market structure has opened an intense debate on the persisting need for those regulatory measures that typically protect the weaker party in bilateral business-to-consumer transactions. Widespread calls for a more “levelled playing field” makes a strong argument for reconsidering the scope of regulation and delegating regulatory …
Il paradigma proprietario e l'appropriazione dell'immateriale
2014
Uno studio sui paradigmi dell'appropriazione materiale e immateriale, con particolare attenzione per il diritto privato europeo e dalle prospettive dei limiti dei diritti e dell'evoluzione tecnologica. A study on the paradigms of the material and immaterial appropriation, with particular attention to the european private law and from the perspective of limitations to the rights and technological innovation.
A prospective study on an innovative online forum for peer reviewing of surgical science
2017
Background Peer review is important to the scientific process. However, the present system has been criticised and accused of bias, lack of transparency, failure to detect significant breakthrough and error. At the British Journal of Surgery (BJS), after surveying authors' and reviewers' opinions on peer review, we piloted an open online forum with the aim of improving the peer review process. Methods In December 2014, a web-based survey assessing attitudes towards open online review was sent to reviewers with a BJS account in Scholar One. From April to June 2015, authors were invited to allow their manuscripts to undergo online peer review in addition to the standard peer review process. T…
Reporting guidelines for health research: protocol for a cross-sectional analysis of the EQUATOR Network Library
2019
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019.
A Legal Analysis of the Platform Economy
2018
this chapter aims at identifying the emerging legal issues stemming from the advent of the sharing-oriented platform economy, in order to categorize the wide array of competing and sometimes conflicting aspects that regulators should be considering when facing these new innovative practices. The chapter first describes how the advent of the platform economy challenges the current legal framework, at both local and global level; then, it addresses the main legal issues related to market regulation; in its second and final part, it analyzes those aspects of the sharing-oriented platform economy that go beyond market regulation, in order to categorize different models of platform economy and t…
Una anàlisi jurídica de l’economia de plataforma
2019
this chapter aims at identifying the emerging legal issues stemming from the advent of the sharing-oriented platform economy, in order to categorize the wide array of competing and sometimes conflicting aspects that regulators should be considering when facing these new innovative practices. The chapter first describes how the advent of the platform economy challenges the current legal framework, at both local and global level; then, it addresses the main legal issues related to market regulation; in its second and final part, it analyzes those aspects of the sharing-oriented platform economy that go beyond market regulation, in order to categorize different models of platform economy and t…
Hidden connections: Network effects on editorial decisions in four computer science journals
2018
Abstract This paper aims to examine the influence of authors’ reputation on editorial bias in scholarly journals. By looking at eight years of editorial decisions in four computer science journals, including 7179 observations on 2913 submissions, we reconstructed author/referee-submission networks. For each submission, we looked at reviewer scores and estimated the reputation of submission authors by means of their network degree. By training a Bayesian network, we estimated the potential effect of scientist reputation on editorial decisions. Results showed that more reputed authors were less likely to be rejected by editors when they submitted papers receiving negative reviews. Although th…
Privacy-preserving data allocation in decentralized online social networks
2016
International audience; Distributed Online Social Networks (DOSNs) have been recently proposed as an alternative to centralized solutions to allow a major control of the users over their own data. Since there is no centralized service provider which decides the term of service, the DOSNs infrastructure exploits users’ devices to take on the online social network services. In this paper, we propose a data allocation strategy for DOSNs which exploits the privacy policies of the users to increase the availability of the users’ contents without diverging from their privacy preferences. A set of replicas of the profile’s content of a user U are stored on the devices of other users who are entitl…