Search results for " Phase"

showing 10 items of 1862 documents

Stability of Asymmetric Lipid Bilayers Assessed by Molecular Dynamics Simulations

2009

The asymmetric insertion of amphiphiles into biological membranes compromises the balance between the inner and outer monolayers. As a result, area expansion of the receiving leaflet and curvature strain may lead to membrane permeation, shape changes, or membrane fusion events. We have conducted both atomistic and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayers to study the effect of an asymmetric distribution of lipids between the two monolayers on membrane stability. Highly asymmetric lipid bilayers were found to be surprisingly stable within the submicrosecond time span of the simulations. Even the limiting case of a monolayer immersed in …

12-DipalmitoylphosphatidylcholineLipid BilayersBiochemistryCatalysisColloid and Surface ChemistryCOARSE-GRAINED MODELSHAPE TRANSFORMATIONSMonolayerComputer SimulationLipid bilayer phase behaviorLipid bilayerChemistryBilayerLipid bilayer fusionBiological membraneGeneral ChemistryLipid bilayer mechanicsANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDESCrystallographyMembraneTRANSMEMBRANE DISTRIBUTIONEGG PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINEPhosphatidylcholinesPORE FORMATIONBiophysicsPRESSURE PROFILESMECHANOSENSITIVE CHANNELlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)OCTYL GLUCOSIDEPHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYERSJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Influence of Centerline Intermetallic Stringers on Pitting Corrosion Resistance of Superduplex Stainless Steel

2021

Superduplex stainless steel UNS S32750 / EN 1.4410 is commonly used in marine environment, petrochemical, oil and gas, chemical and desalination industries, requiring materials with superior corrosion and mechanical properties. Very few residual intermetallic particles may be present under the form of centerline stringers whose effects on corrosion properties are not well documented. A previous study demonstrated the negligible influence of the intermetallic phases in centerline stringers (typically < 0.1% over thickness) on the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of superduplex stainless steel [1]. The present study aims at highlighting the impact of centerline intermetallic stringers on…

1.4410[CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryUNS S32750DX2507intermetallic phasespitting corrosion resistancecenterline stringers
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Synthesis, antiproliferative activity and possible mechanism of action of novel 2-acetamidobenzamides bearing the 2-phenoxy functionality.

2015

Several new 2-(2-phenoxyacetamido)benzamides 17a-v, 21 and 22 were synthesized by stirring in pyridine the acid chlorides 16a-e and the appropriate5-R-4-R1-2-aminobenzamide 15a-e and initially evaluated in vitro for antiproliferative activity against the K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia) cell line. Some of synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against the full NCI tumor cell line panel derived from nine clinically isolated cancer types (leukemia, non-small cell lung, colon, CNS, melanoma, ovarian, renal, prostate and breast). The most active compounds caused an arrest of K562 cells in the G0-G1 phase of cell cycle and induction of apoptos…

3003Clinical BiochemistryCellPharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisAntiproliferative activityPharmacologyG0/G1 arrestBiochemistryArticle2-(2-Phenoxyacetamido)benzamideAntineoplastic AgentStructure-Activity RelationshipBenzamideSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryG1 Phase Cell Cycle CheckpointK562 CellmedicineHumansMolecular BiologyCell ProliferationCell growthChemistryDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceOrganic ChemistryApoptosiCell cyclemedicine.diseaseCaspaseSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaG1 Phase Cell Cycle CheckpointsLeukemiamedicine.anatomical_structureMicroscopy FluorescenceCell cultureApoptosisCaspasesBenzamidesMolecular MedicineDrug Screening Assays AntitumorK562 CellsPro-caspase 3HumanK562 cellsChronic myelogenous leukemiaBioorganicmedicinal chemistry
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PEG 400/Cerium Ammonium Nitrate Combined with Microwave-Assisted Synthesis for Rapid Access to Beta-Amino Ketones. An Easy-to-Use Protocol for Discov…

2018

Compound libraries are important requirement in target-based drug discovery. In the present work, a small focused compound library based on β-aminoketone scaffold has been prepared combining microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) with polymer-assisted solution phase synthesis (PASPS) and replacing reaction workup standard purification procedures with solid phase extraction (SPE). Specifically, the effects of solvent, such as dioxane, dimethylformamide (DMF), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400), temperature, irradiation time, stoichiometric ratio of reagents, and catalysts (HCl, acetic acid, cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN)) were investigated to maximize both conversion and yield. The optimi…

3003Transcription FactorPharmaceutical ScienceNitratePolyethylene Glycol01 natural sciencesPolyethylene GlycolsPolymer-assisted solution phase synthesiAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoveryMannich reactionSolid phase extractionMicrowavesβ-aminoketonesCeriumKetonesKetoneDNA-Binding ProteinsSolventCeriumChemistry (miscellaneous)Molecular MedicineDimethylformamideMicrowave-assisted organic synthesiMannich reaction; β-aminoketones; microwave-assisted organic synthesis; polymer-assisted solution phase synthesis; solid phase extraction; drug discoveryDNA-Binding ProteinBacterial Proteinchemistry.chemical_elementPolyethylene glycol010402 general chemistryArticlelcsh:QD241-441Bacterial Proteinslcsh:Organic chemistryΒ-aminoketonePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolid phase extractionpolymer-assisted solution phase synthesisPEG 400Nitrates010405 organic chemistryDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceOrganic ChemistrySettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical scienceschemistryYield (chemistry)microwave-assisted organic synthesisOrganic synthesisMicrowaveTranscription FactorsMolecules
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PLLA scaffolds with controlled architecture as potential microenvironment for in vitro tumor model

2019

Abstract The "microenvironment" where a tumor develops plays a fundamental role in determining its progression, the onset of metastasis and, eventually, its resistance to therapies. Tumor cells can be considered more or less invasive depending both on the nature of the cells and on the site where they are located. Commonly adopted laboratory culture protocols for the investigation of tumor cells take usually place on standard two-dimensional supports. However, such cultures do not allow for reproduction of the biophysical properties of the tumor’s microenvironment, thus causing the cells to lose most of their relevant characteristics. In this work MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells were cultiva…

3D tumor modelPolyestersCellBreast Neoplasms02 engineering and technologyBiologyModels BiologicalMetastasis03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCell Line TumorTumor MicroenvironmentmedicineHumansViability assayDAPICell adhesion030304 developmental biologySettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria Chimica0303 health sciencesTissue ScaffoldsSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria IndustrialeBreast cancer cellCell BiologyGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymedicine.diseaseIn vitroLactic acidStainingmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiophysicsFemaleThermally induced phase separation0210 nano-technologyPoly-L-Lactic acidDevelopmental BiologyTissue and Cell
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Formation of 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid via gas phase oxidation of pinonic acid – a mass spectrometric study of SOA aging

2012

Abstract. This paper presents the results of mass spectrometric investigations of the OH-initiated oxidative aging of α-pinene SOA under simulated tropospheric conditions at the large aerosol chamber facility AIDA, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. In particular, the OH-initiated oxidation of pure pinic and pinonic acid, two well-known oxidation products of α-pinene, was investigated. Two complementary analytical techniques were used, on-line atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass spectrometry (APCI/MS) and filter sampling followed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS). The results show that 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid (MBTCA), a very low volatile α-pine…

540 Chemistry and allied sciencesAtmospheric ScienceChromatographyChemistryAtmospheric-pressure chemical ionizationFraction (chemistry)Mass spectrometryMass spectrometriclcsh:QC1-999JGas phaseAerosollcsh:ChemistryAcid oxidationlcsh:QD1-999540 ChemieYield (chemistry)ddc:550lcsh:PhysicsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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Thermomineral waters of Greece: geochemical characterization

2020

75 °C). In terms of pH most results vary from 5.5 to 823 °C) ii) warm (23 40 °C) iii) thermal (40 75 °C) and iv) hyperthermal (&gtfew springs show either very low pH (&lt10) proposing serpentinization processes. Regarding TDS concentrations collected waters can be subdivided into low salinity (up to 1.5 g/L) brackish (up to 20 g/L) and saline (up to 43 g/L). The medium high salinities can be justified by mixing with sea water and/or strong waterrock interaction processes. Isotope composition of O and H ranges from 12.7 to +2.7 ‰ SMOW and from 91 to +12 ‰ SMOW respectively and is generally comprised between the Global Meteoric Water Line and the East Mediterranean Meteoric Water Line. Only few water samples show a positive shift for δ18O possibly related to high temperature waterrock interaction processes. Carbon dioxide (18 997000 μmol/mol) or N2 (1100 989000 μmol/mol) or CH4 (&ltMany geothermal areas of Greece are located in regions affected by Miocene or Quaternary volcanism and in continental basins characterised by elevated heat flow. Moreover the majority of them is found along the coast as well as in islands of the Aegean Sea and thus thermal water is often brackish to saline due to marine intrusion into costal aquifer. In the present study almost 300 thermal and cold mineral water samples were collected along the Hellenic territory with their physicochemical parameters (temperature pH electrical conductivity and Eh) and the amount of bicarbonates (titration with 0.1N HCl) being determined in situ. Additionally gases found either in free or dissolved phase were sampled. Both water and gas samples were analysed at the INGVPa laboratories for major ions (Ion Chromatography) silica (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) chemical composition of free and dissolved gases (Gas Chromatography) water isotopes (O and H) and carbon and helium isotopes of free and dissolved gases (Mass Spectrometry). The temperature of the investigated waters ranges from 6.5 to 98°C pH from 1.96 to 11.98 whilst Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from 0.06 to 43 g/L. Based on the temperature parameter waters can be divided into four groups: i) cold (&lt0.5 913000 μmol/mol) are the prevailing gas species found in the studied sites. The δ13CCO2 values ranged from 20.1 to +8.5 ‰ whilst the isotope ratio of He from 0.21 to 6.71 R/RA.4) suggesting interaction with H2Srich gases or very high pH values (&gtSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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Monte Carlo simulations of the solid-liquid transition in hard spheres and colloid-polymer mixtures

2010

Monte Carlo simulations at constant pressure are performed to study coexistence and interfacial properties of the liquid-solid transition in hard spheres and in colloid-polymer mixtures. The latter system is described as a one-component Asakura-Oosawa (AO) model where the polymer's degrees of freedom are incorporated via an attractive part in the effective potential for the colloid-colloid interactions. For the considered AO model, the polymer reservoir packing fraction is eta_p^r=0.1 and the colloid-polymer size ratio is q=sigma_p/\sigma=0.15 (with sigma_p and sigma the diameter of polymers and colloids, respectively). Inhomogeneous solid-liquid systems are prepared by placing the solid fc…

ANISOTROPIC SURFACE-TENSIONMaterials scienceMonte Carlo methodDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)General Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterCAPILLARY WAVESAtomic packing factorCOMPUTER-SIMULATIONVAPOR INTERFACE3-DIMENSIONAL ISING-MODELColloidsymbols.namesakePhase (matter)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryCOEXISTING PHASESchemistry.chemical_classificationCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceINTERFACIAL FREE-ENERGYPROFILESHard spheresPolymerCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistryCRYSTAL-MELT INTERFACESBoltzmann constantsymbolsCRYSTALLIZATIONThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Collision induced decomposition of AOT5YB2+: an unespected intracluster rearrangment

2014

AOT Yb cluster mass spectrometry gas phase rearrangment
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SURFACTANT SELF-ASSEMBLING IN THE GAS PHASE: AOT METAL ION NEGATIVE CHARGED AGGREGATES

2008

AOT gas phase charged aggregates
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