Search results for " Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences"
showing 10 items of 275 documents
Science on local, regional, and national scales: geographies of natural history in the mid- to late Victorian England
2022
The history of science has taken a “geographical turn” at the turn of this century. Since then, historians of science have sought to understand the impact of geography on the practice, organisation and diffusion of scientific knowledge. In this paper, I look into the organisation of amateur science in provincial England through the scales of local, regional and national. The scientific societies established in the Victorian Midlands provide an excellent material to understand the close relationship between the natural history societies and geography, which has usually been taken for granted. In the Victorian Midlands, some sixty scientific societies were established for the study of local n…
"Martyre"
2006
Provincial Scientific Societies and Publishing: Centre and Peripheries of Publishing Science in late Victorian Britain
2022
Publishing, albeit in many cases irregular, became one of the main activities of provincial scientific societies from the 1860s. In this way, the natural history societies and field clubs contributed to the inflation of scientific publications were thought to disrupt the progress of science. As a remedy, the creation of regional and regular periodicals instead of the publishing by individual societies was suggested. The appearance of the regional federations of natural history societies in the 1870s shows that the need to publish became even greater. The Midland Union of Natural History Societies (1877-1895) was founded with the aim of “imagining” a Midland community of naturalists through …
Methods for territorial intelligence
2006
Quantitative methods which are used by social sciences for thirty years can provide tools to help territorial actors better managing their territories. This short paper outlines an inventory of the kinds of methods that are usable within this framework.
Sharing and disseminating knowledge of advanced spatial modelling. Presentation of an action carried out by the European research group S4 (spatial s…
2006
International audience; The European research group S4 (Spatial simulation for social sciences) gathers researchers in geography as well as in geographical information sciences coming from about 30 European research centres. One action of the European research group S4 consists in sharing and disseminating knowledge of advanced spatial modelling. We propose here to describe several aspects of this action that are of interest considering the objectives of the CAENTI. The first aim of the action is to improve the diffusion of the results of the research in advanced spatial modelling, particularly in direction of regional and urban management and planning. The second aim is the development of …
ACCEM observation strategy.
2006
International audience; ACCEM is an NGO that works in favour of refugees and immigrants in Spain. Since 1996, ACCEM has developed a strategy of observation that articulates national observation and local observatories. The objective of the local observatories is to improve the services which are offered to the migrants, thanks to a better knowledge of their needs and to the use of tools of territorial intelligence, CATALYSE and the trees of knowledge. Since 1996, the Gorion national observatory has gathered in Madrid the individual data of migrants from the regional centres and from the different programmes that were carried out by ACCEM. It provides a wider knowledge of the migrants and of…
LE VIGNOBLE DU COUCHOIS : "ET SI L'HISTOIRE PARLAIT DE SON RENOUVEAU"
2022
Le vignoble du Couchois en Bourgogne rejoint aujourd'hui les vignobles en renaissance. Il fait partie des « nouveaux petits vignobles de Bourgogne », tels qu'ils ont été récemment définis en France et en Europe. Nous traitons donc dans cette contribution des caractères actuels de ce vignoble du Couchois, vignoble de marges , puis nous tentons de montrer en quoi son histoire permet d'établir un certain nombre d'ancrages historiques pour son identification à venir, fondés sur ses différentes appartenances et sur les différents acteurs de la vigne et du vin qui l'entourent.
Proportions. Science, Musique, Peinture et Architecture
2012
Le langage des proportions est un langage de comparaison. Outil scientifique, il met en relation grandeurs mathématiques ou physiques (deux cercles, deux mouvements, deux sons, etc.). Pour autant, son application ne se restreint pas au seul champ des mathématiques. Erigé en principe philosophique par le principe de comparaison qui le sous-tend, il déploie tout son potentiel analogique en devenant langage constructeur d'harmonie. La théorie des proportions s'ouvre ainsi sur un vaste champ de relations qui définissent canons et règles de beauté dans les diverses disciplines artistiques. S'intéresser aux proportions signifie donc s'intéresser à tous les domaines du savoir. Mais comment aborder…
Le médicament homéopathique dans l'histoire du médicament, Co construction, confrontation, coopération. Histoire, Transmission, Représentation
2007
The dynamics of this thesis resides in the search for the breach between the historical positioning (in relation to scientific fact itself) of homeopathic medication in the history of medical sciences, and the representation made of it in the past and present. By distinguishing what may be at stake, we are led to identify the positioning and impact of the mode of transmitting scientific fact as lacking a historical link to the history of medical sciences, notably medication. Our research hypothesis thus postulates that the transmission mode is at the source of discrepancies in representation. The links between context breakthroughs, such as the role of influences, are just parameters that, …
Enseignement et recherche sont inséparables
2020
Les politiques publiques françaises concentrent les moyens de recherche sur quelques “sites”, aux dépens de régions entières, creusant les inégalités entre universités dites “d’élite” ou “de masse”. Mais de nombreux travaux empiriques démontrent l’inefficacité d’une telle concentration des moyens.