Search results for " Polarization"

showing 10 items of 668 documents

Interaction-induced spin polarization in quantum dots.

2010

The electronic states of lateral many electron quantum dots in high magnetic fields are analyzed in terms of energy and spin. In a regime with two Landau levels in the dot, several Coulomb blockade peaks are measured. A zig-zag pattern is found as it is known from the Fock-Darwin spectrum. However, only data from Landau level 0 show the typical spin-induced bimodality, whereas features from Landau level 1 cannot be explained with the Fock-Darwin picture. Instead, by including the interaction effects within spin-density-functional theory a good agreement between experiment and theory is obtained. The absence of bimodality on Landau level 1 is found to be due to strong spin polarization.

Fock-Darwin spectrumSpin polarizationSpin-density-functional theoryQuantum DotGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesElectronSpin dynamicsShubnikov–de Haas effectMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Electronic statesSemiconductor quantum dotsddc:530Landau levelsSpin-½PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationCoulomb blockadeHigh magnetic fieldsLandau quantizationCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectMagnetic fieldQuantum dotMagnetic fieldsDensity functional theoryDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | PhysikInteraction effectPhysical review letters
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Nuclear hyperpolarization of 3He by magnetized plasmas

2018

International audience; We describe a method, referred to as PAMP (polarization of atoms in a magnetized plasma), that allowshyperpolarization of 3He nuclear spins at high magnetic field solely by excitation of a rf gas discharge.A magnetized plasma is obtained when the mean free path of the free electrons is much larger than theirgyration radius in the rf gas discharge. Investigations of PAMP are carried out in the 1–15-mbar pressure rangewith rf excitation around 100 MHz. Quantitative NMR measurements at 4.7 T and room temperature showthat, for different cell sizes and gas densities, 3He nuclear polarizations in the 1 to 9% range are achieved(i.e., larger than the Boltzmann equilibrium sp…

Free electron modelPhysicsSpin polarization[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Mean free pathAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesPlasma01 natural sciences7. Clean energy010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics - Atomic PhysicsExcited stateMetastability0103 physical sciencesHyperpolarization (physics)Atomic physics010306 general physicsExcitation
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Polarization-sensitive hyperspectral imaging of human skin: From system design to clinical validation (Conference Presentation)

2020

We present the development and validation of a new approach for quantitative functional imaging of human skin based on the machine learning technique for the analysis of the hyperspectral skin images. The considered skin parameters include blood volume fraction, blood oxygenation, melanin content, and the epidermal layer thickness. Additionally, the degree of residual polarization of the reflected light has been analyzed. The validity of the approach has been confirmed by the initial preclinical tests with the tissue-mimicking phantoms, functional in-vivo skin tests, and pilot clinical study of type II diabetic patients. The proposed technique has great potential to be implemented in clinic…

Functional imagingChronic skin ulcersPolarization sensitiveintegumentary systembusiness.industryBlood oxygenationHyperspectral imagingMedicineHuman skinResidual polarizationbusinessLayer thicknessBiomedical engineeringMicro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications XII
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Study of optical and magneto processes in Rb atomic vapor layer of nanometric thickness

2012

Using a narrow-band resonant fluorescence spectra from a nano-cell with a thickness of L= [lambda]/2, and VSOP resonances formed at a thickness L =[lambda] ([lambda] is the wavelength of the resonant radiation), for the first time it was experimentally investigated the behaviour of the frequency and intensity (transition probabilities) of the atomic hyperfine structure transitions between the 85Rb, 87Rb, D1 and D2 lines Zeeman sublevels in external magnetic fields in range 5 - 7000G. The behaviour of tens of previously unstudied atomic transitions was analyzed and it is demonstrated that the intensities of these lines can both greatly increase, and decrease (tenfold). For the first time it …

Gaz tamponπ et ơ- polarizations of the laser radiationCoherent Dicke narrowing[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]High resolution spectroscopyRécissement Dicke cohérentRb hyperfine structureπ et ơ- du rayonnement laserStructure hyperfine RbCellules multi-régions combinéesRésonances VSOPTransitions "interdites''[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Nano-cellsZeeman effectDiode laserNano-cellulesEffet ZeemanƠ+Polarisations Ơ+"Forbidden'' transitions[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Combined multi-region cellsBuffer gasVSOP resonancesSpectroscopie à haute résolution
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First-principles simulations of H centers in CaF2

2014

Abstract H center, a hole trapped at an interstitial anion site, placed in the bulk and the (1 1 1) surface of calcium fluoride CaF2, has been studied by using density functional theory (DFT) with hybrid exchange potentials, namely DFT-B3PW. The H center orients the (1 1 1) direction for the bulk case and the (1 0 0) direction for the surface case, and the hole is mainly localized on the interstitial fluorine. The surface H center leads to a remarkable XY-translation of the surface atoms. Spin and hyperfine coupling calculations show a considerable interaction between the unpaired spin and the spin of neighboring nuclei, and the surface effect strengthens the spin polarization and hyperfine…

General Computer ScienceSpin polarizationChemistryBand gapFermi levelGeneral Physics and AstronomyFermi energyGeneral ChemistryComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeMechanics of MaterialsDensity of statessymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theoryAtomic physicsElectronic band structureHyperfine structureComputational Materials Science
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Femtosecond time resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy: Experiment and modelization of speed memory effects on H2-N2 mixtures in the colli…

2005

194317; With the aim of temperature diagnostic, femtosecond time-resolved CARS (coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy) is applied to probe H2 in H2-N2 mixtures. In a first part, a Lorentzian profile is used to model the femtosecond CARS response. A difference between the experimental broadening and the expected one is observed in the collision regime. The observed broadening increases strongly in an inhomogeneous way with respect to the perturber concentration. This is of considerable importance for temperature measurements. In a second part, we show that in the collision regime, this inhomogeneous broadening is due to the speed dependence of the collisional parameters and the memory effe…

General Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesTemperature measurementVIBRATIONAL LINE-PROFILESsymbols.namesakeOpticsINDUCED POLARIZATION SPECTROSCOPYGAS-MIXTURES0103 physical sciencesSHIFTCARSCoherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopyPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsTEMPERATUREH-2[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]CONSEQUENCESbusiness.industryChemistryTime resolved spectraCHANGING COLLISIONS021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCollisionDOPPLERFemtosecondRadiator (engine cooling)symbolsAtomic physics0210 nano-technologybusinessRaman spectroscopy
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Room-temperature spin-orbit torque in NiMnSb

2015

Materials that crystalize in diamond-related lattices, with Si and GaAs as their prime examples, are at the foundation of modern electronics. Simultaneously, the two atomic sites in the unit cell of these crystals form inversion partners which gives rise to relativistic non-equilibrium spin phenomena highly relevant for magnetic memories and other spintronic devices. When the inversion-partner sites are occupied by the same atomic species, electrical current can generate local spin polarization with the same magnitude and opposite sign on the two inversion-partner sites. In CuMnAs, which shares this specific crystal symmetry of the Si lattice, the effect led to the demonstration of electric…

General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesNanotechnology02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials Science0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Antiferromagnetism010306 general physicsPhysicsspintronicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMagnetization dynamicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsSpin polarizationMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Magnetic semiconductor021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFerromagnetic resonanceFerromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologymagnetic properties and materials
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First experimental study of photon polarization in radiative B0s decays.

2017

The polarization of photons produced in radiative $B^{0}_{s}$ decays is studied for the first time. The data are recorded by the LHCb experiment in $pp$ collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3fb$^{-1}$ at center-of-mass energies of $7$ and $8$TeV. A time-dependent analysis of the $B^{0}_{s} \to \phi \gamma$ decay rate is conducted to determine the parameter ${\mathcal{A}}^\Delta$, which is related to the ratio of right- over left-handed photon polarization amplitudes in $b \to s \gamma$ transitions. A value of ${\mathcal{A}}^\Delta=-0.98^{\,+0.46\,+0.23}_{\,-0.52\,-0.20}$ is measured. This result is consistent with the Standard Model prediction within two standard deviatio…

General PhysicsPhotonModels beyond the standard modeldistributions asymmetries toolPhysics MultidisciplinaryGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentSettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareNONuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)ASYMMETRIES0103 physical sciencesPhoton polarizationLeptonic semileptonic and radiative decays of bottom mesonDISTRIBUTIONS; ASYMMETRIES; TOOLRadiative transfer[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]DISTRIBUTIONSTOOLSDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy010306 general physicsPhysicsScience & Technology02 Physical Sciences/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energyhep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsParticle physicsPolarization (waves)HEPB physics photon polarization.3. Good healthLHCbAmplitudePhysical SciencesBottom mesons (|B|>0)High Energy Physics::ExperimentLHCFísica de partículesExperimentsPolarization in interactions and scatteringParticle Physics - Experiment
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State of the Art in Organic and Molecular Spintronics

2015

Organic spintronics field was born in 2002 with the pioneer work presented by the group of C. Taliani and A. V. Dediu. While molecules are easily tailored by chemical synthesis compared to inorganic materials, organics were initially seen as the ultimate media for spintronics devices due to their expected very long spin lifetime. Only very recently it was also unveiled that radically new spintronics functionalities, unavailable with conventional inorganic materials, could stem from the interface between ferromagnetic (FM) and molecular materials, giving rise to the so-called “spinterface” field. This chapter will present a general state of the art in organic and molecular spintronics fields…

General stateMaterials scienceSpintronicsFerromagnetismField (physics)Spin polarizationNanotechnologyInorganic materialsMolecular materialsSpin (physics)
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Nonlinear Hanle effect in Cs vapor under strong laser excitation

2002

We report results of a theoretical and experimental study of the ground state nonlinear Hanle effect under strong laser excitation. It is shown that besides the well-known zero-magnetic field suppression of absorption on F g = F→F e = F - 1 transitions caused by population trapping, an optical pumping induced enhanced absorption occurs on F g = F→F e = F + 1 transitions for small B-fields. The latter effect becomes more pronounced for high F values. The experiment with atomic vapor of Cs (D2 line, F g = 4) confirms an increase of the spectrally unresolved fluorescence yield at zero magnetic field and 600 mW/cm2 laser intensity by 9% or 42%, when excitation occurs with linearly or circularly…

Hanle effectPhysicseducation.field_of_studyPopulationOptical physicsOptical polarizationLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOptical pumpinglawAtomic physicseducationGround stateExcitationThe European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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