Search results for " Polarization"

showing 10 items of 668 documents

Three-dimensional polarimetric computational integral imaging

2012

In this paper, we propose a novel 3D polarimetric computational integral imaging system by using polarization diversity of objects under natural illumination conditions. In the system, the measured Stokes polarization parameters are utilized to generate degree of polarization images of a 3D scene. Based on degree of polarization images and original 2D images, we utilize a modified computational reconstruction method to perform 3D polarimetric image reconstruction. The system may be used to detect or classify objects with distinct polarization signatures in 3D space. Experimental results also show the proposed system may mitigate the effect of occlusion in 3D reconstruction.

Integral imagingComputer sciencebusiness.industry3D reconstructionPolarimetryIterative reconstructionPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionDegree of polarizationImage sensorbusinessCircular polarizationOptics Express
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Wannier90 as a community code: new features and applications

2019

Wannier90 is an open-source computer program for calculating maximally-localised Wannier functions (MLWFs) from a set of Bloch states. It is interfaced to many widely used electronic-structure codes thanks to its independence from the basis sets representing these Bloch states. In the past few years the development of Wannier90 has transitioned to a community-driven model; this has resulted in a number of new developments that have been recently released in Wannier90 v3.0. In this article we describe these new functionalities, that include the implementation of new features for wannierisation and disentanglement (symmetry-adapted Wannier functions, selectively-localised Wannier functions, s…

Interface (Java)02 engineering and technologysemiconductors01 natural sciencesGeneral Materials Sciencefieldslocal orbitalCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceUnit testingComputer programBasis (linear algebra)electronstooldynamicsComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsspin polarizationreal-space methods[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]0210 nano-technologyPhysics - Computational PhysicspseudopotentialsconstructionMaterials sciencelocal orbitalsFluids & Plasmasreal-space method0204 Condensed Matter PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesComputational sciencecrystalSet (abstract data type)band structure interpolation0103 physical sciencesddc:530Wannier function010306 general physics0912 Materials Engineeringdensity-functional theoryWannier orbitalWannier function1007 Nanotechnologybusiness.industrywannier orbitalsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Usabilitywannier functionsWannier functions; band structure interpolation; local orbitals; real-space methods; electronic structure; Wannier orbitals; density-functional theoryelectronic structureAutomationtotal-energy calculationsbusiness
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Variability and polarization in the inner jet of 3C 395

2001

We present new results on the parsec-scale jet of the quasar 3C395, derived from VLBI polarization sensitive observations made in 1995.91 and 1998.50 at 8.4, 15.4 and 22.2 GHz. The observations show a complex one-sided jet extending up to 20 mas, with a projected magnetic field essentially aligned with the radio jet. The emission is strongly dominated, in total intensity and polarization, by the core and the inner jet region (of ~3 mas length). We have studied the details of this dominant region finding clear structural variations during this ~2.5 years period, in contrast with the apparent quietness of the jet structure inferred from lower resolution VLBI observations. We observe the eject…

InterferometricAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAsymbols.namesakeFaraday effectVery-long-baseline interferometryJetsPhysicsIndividual galaxiesAstrophysics (astro-ph)Active Galaxies ; Individual galaxies ; 3C 395 ; Jets ; Radio continuum ; InterferometricAstronomy and AstrophysicsQuasarPolarization (waves):ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia [UNESCO]Magnetic fieldRadio continuumPolarization sensitiveSpace and Planetary Science3C 395symbolsDegree of polarizationUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogoniaActive Galaxies:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]
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Space charge effect on competitive ion transport through ion-exchange membranes

2002

A mathematical model of the competitive electro-transport of two counter-ions through an ion exchange membrane based on the Nernst-Planck and Poisson equations is developed. A three-layer system is considered: the membrane and two adjacent diffusion layers. Concentration profiles in the three layers, effective transport numbers as functions of the current and current-voltage characteristics are calculated. Deviation from the local electroneutrality in space charge region near the depleted solution/membrane interface is taken into account. It is shown that the space charge region grows with the voltage applied. However the fluxes of the competitive counter-ions at over-limiting currents are …

Ion exchangeChemistryMechanical EngineeringGeneral Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistrySpace chargeQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorDiffusion layerMembraneDepletion regionChemical physicsGeneral Materials ScienceDiffusion (business)Ion transporterWater Science and TechnologyConcentration polarizationDesalination
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Field-free two-direction alignment alternation of linear molecules by elliptic laser pulses

2005

We show that a linear molecule subjected to a short specific elliptically polarized laser field yields postpulse revivals exhibiting alignment alternatively located along the orthogonal axis and the major axis of the ellipse. The effect is experimentally demonstrated by measuring the optical Kerr effect along two different axes. The conditions ensuring an optimal field-free alternation of high alignments along both directions are derived.

Kerr effectI-2 MOLECULESField (physics)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesLinear molecular geometry02 engineering and technologyElliptical polarizationEllipse01 natural scienceslaw.inventionOpticsREVIVAL STRUCTURESlaw0103 physical sciencesOPTICAL CENTRIFUGEAlternation (formal language theory)010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantum Physicsbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserOrthogonal coordinates0210 nano-technologybusinessQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Measurement of the mixing-induced and CP-violating parameters of Bs -> phi gamma decays at LHCb

2018

En esta tesis se presenta la primera medida de los observables de violación de CP e inducidos por mezcla de la desintegración Bs -> phi gamma (los observables A, S y C), que aparecen en la fracción de desintegración en función del tiempo. Se han utilizado los datos tomados por el experimento LHCb durante los años 2011 y 2012, representando una luminosidad integrada de 3 fb-1 en total. El Modelo Estándar de física de partículas describe las propiedades de todas las partículas elementales y de las interacciones fuerte, débil y electromagnética. A pesar de su gran éxito predictivo, resulta necesaria una extensión del mismo puesto que no explica determinados fenómenos que han sido observados en…

LHCbCP violation:FÍSICA::Física de altas energías [UNESCO]UNESCO::FÍSICA::Física de altas energíasphoton polarizationparticle physicsphigamma
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Interface-Assisted Sign Inversion of Magnetoresistance in Spin Valves Based on Novel Lanthanide Quinoline Molecules

2018

Molecules are proposed to be an efficient medium to host spin-polarized carriers, due to their weak spin relaxation mechanisms. While relatively long spin lifetimes are measured in molecular devices, the most promising route toward device functionalization is to use the chemical versatility of molecules to achieve a deterministic control and manipulation of the electron spin. Here, by combining magnetotransport experiments with element-specific X-ray absorption spectroscopy, this study shows the ability of molecules to modify spin-dependent properties at the interface level via metal–molecule hybridization pathways. In particular, it is described how the formation of hybrid states determine…

LanthanideMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsMagnetoresistanceSpin polarizationAbsorption spectroscopySpin valve02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterials0103 physical sciencesElectrochemistryMoleculeSurface modificationCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySpin (physics)Materials
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Comments on 'formation and characterization of nanotubes of La(OH) 3 obtained using porous alumina membranes'

2010

New experimental evidence concerning the formation of La(OH)3 nanowires on anodic alumina membranes by cathodic polarization in 0.05 M lanthanum nitrate solution is provided to further support the conclusions previously reached in our work (Bocchetta et al 2007 Electrochem. Commun. 9 683-8) and recently criticized by González-Rovira et al (Nanotechnology 2008 19 495305). Some unconvincing aspects of the paper of González-Rovira et al, according to which the same electrochemical process should lead to the formation of hydroxycarbonate nanotubes, are also discussed.

Lanthanum nitrateMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringAlumina membranesNanowireBioengineeringNanotechnologyCathodic polarizationGeneral ChemistryElectrochemistryAnodeCharacterization (materials science)Settore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataChemical engineeringLa(OH)3 nanowireelectrogeneration of base anodic alumina membraneMechanics of MaterialsAnodic alumina membranes Electrochemical process Experimental evidence Hydroxy carbonates Lanthanum nitrates Porous alumina membranesGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPorosity
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Probing Lorentz invariance and other fundamental symmetries in3He/129Xe clock-comparison experiments

2011

We discuss the design and performance of a very sensitive low-field magnetometer based on the detection of free spin precession of gaseous, nuclear polarized 3He or 129Xe samples with a SQUID as magnetic flux detector. Characteristic spin precession times T*2 of up to 60 h were measured in low magnetic fields (about 1μT) and in the regime of motional narrowing. With the detection of the free precession of co-located 3He/129Xe nuclear spins (clock comparison), the device can be used as ultra-sensitive probe for non-magnetic spin interactions, since the magnetic dipole interaction (Zeeman-term) drops out in the weighted frequency difference, i.e., Δω = ωHe− γHe/γXe·ωXe. We report on searches …

Larmor precessionPhysicsHistorySpin polarizationLorentz covarianceComputer Science ApplicationsEducationMagnetic fieldThomas precessionClassical mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsPrecessionSpin (physics)Magnetic dipoleJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Polar nanoregions in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN): insights from a supercell approach

2011

Abstract We report construction of a model of polar nanoregions in the PMN relaxor ferroelectric based on first-principles lattice dynamics for chemically ordered supercells [S.A. Prosandeev et al., Phys. Rev. B 70, 134110 (2004)], combined with invariance under permutations and dipole-dipole interaction as a source supporting randomly oriented residual polarization. Representative analytical estimates of polar nanore-gion — supercell mapping reproduce both nonzero local and zero macroscopic polarization of the structure, as well as the temperature change of the supercell anisotropy at cooling and field cooling.

Lattice dynamicsPhysicsField coolingCondensed matter physicsPhysicsQC1-999ferroelectricsGeneral Physics and AstronomySupercellPolarization (waves)Condensed Matter::Materials SciencePolarResidual polarizationrelaxorsupercellsAnisotropyRelaxor ferroelectricOpen Physics
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