Search results for " Pressure"
showing 10 items of 3868 documents
A call to action and a lifecourse strategy to address the global burden of raised blood pressure on current and future generations ; The Lancet Commi…
2016
Elevated blood pressure is the strongest modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease worldwide. Despite extensive knowledge about ways to prevent as well as to treat hypertension, the global incidence and prevalence of hypertension and, more importantly, its cardiovascular complications are not reduced—partly because of inadequacies in prevention, diagnosis, and control of the disorder in an ageing world. The aim of the Lancet Commission on hypertension is to identify key actions to improve the management of blood pressure both at the population and the individual level, and to generate a campaign to adopt the suggested actions at national levels to reduce the impact of elevated blood…
High performance liquid chromatography analysis of tear protein patterns in diabetic and non-diabetic dry-eye patients.
2001
To analyze and compare the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) runs of tear proteins from diabetic (DIDRY) and non-diabetic (DRY) dry-eye patients, and healthy subjects (CTRL). The patterns were analyzed using multivariate statistical methods.Tears (total 56 eyes: CTRL: n=16, DIDRY: n=21, and DRY: n=19) were analyzed by HPLC, using a size-exclusion column with an eluent of 0.5 M sodium phosphate buffer. The patients were primarily grouped according to the results of the basic secretory test (BST) in combination with subjective symptoms such as burning, foreign body sensations, tearing, and "dryness" of the eyes. Patients with BST valuesor = 10 mm/5 min plus two subjective symptoms…
Sildenafil citrate improves perinatal outcome in fetuses from pre-eclamptic rats
2012
Please cite this paper as: Herraiz S, Pellicer B., Serra V, Cauli O, Cortijo J, Felipo V, Pellicer A. Sildenafil citrate improves perinatal outcome in fetuses from pre-eclamptic rats. BJOG 2012;119:1394–1402. Objective To evaluate perinatal outcome after sildenafil citrate (SC) administration at the onset of pregnancy in a rat pre-eclampsia model. Design In vivo animal experimental study. Setting Fundacion IVI-Instituto Universitario IVI, Valencia, Spain. Sample Control and pre-eclampsia-induced pregnant Wistar rats exposed to chronic SC administration. Methods We evaluated the use of SC, which was tested as a potential therapeutic tool to maintain vasodilatation in complicated pregnanc…
Very Early Presentation of Extrahepatic Portal Vein Obstruction Causing Portal Hypertension in an Infant: Uncertainties in the Management and Therape…
2016
Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction, although rare in children, is a significant cause of portal hypertension (PHT) leading to life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding in the pediatric age group. PHT may also lead to other complications such as hyperesplenism, cholangyopathy, ascites, and even hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension that may require organ transplantation. Herein we report the case of an asymptomatic 11-month-old infant wherein a hepatomegaly and cavernous transformation of the portal vein was detected by liver ultrasound. Neither signs of thrombosis in arteriovenous system, nor affectation of biliary tract were identified in the magnetic resonance imagin…
276 Evaluation of cardiovascular risk and factors associated to risk under-evaluation in general practice
2011
Correlation between perceived cardiovascular risk (CVR) by physicians and real CVR is poorly known. Moreover, the underlying question of factors associated to risk misevaluation, especially for patients at high CVR and that could benefit of a lipid lowering therapy (LLT), remains unsolved. Objective and methodology This was an on-line non-interventional study conducted on a sample of 619 general practitioners. The aim was to describe the relation between physicians evaluated CVR and calculated CVR according to risk's scales. All consulting patients’ aged50 years old (YO) were included. Physicians had to complete a questionnaire and to assess patient's CVR on a 3 level scale (low, medium, an…
Studying hypertension in ocular fundus images using Hausdorff dispersion ordering.
2010
Retinal arterial and vein diameters are altered in individuals at risk of cardiovascular events mainly due to high blood pressure. The measurement of retinal vessel diameters has been proved to reflect individuals' vascular health. Dispersion of such measures which are obtained by means of ocular fundus images is a major factor not usually considered in clinical research. In this paper, a method to evaluate if different levels of clinically relevant covariables induce greater dispersion in retinal arterial and vein diameters is proposed. A multivariate dispersion ordering, the Hausdorff dispersion order, is used to compare the level of dispersion in such diameters for different groups of pa…
Myocardial Protection by Retrograde Cardioplegic Perfusion in the Presence of Acute Coronary Artery Obstruction: An Experimental Study
1992
To investigate retrograde delivery of cardioplegic solutions as a means of enhancing myocardial protection in the presence of coronary artery occlusion, a two-part experimental model was devised. In part 1 (in vitro) the possibility of retroperfusing the entire myocardium during acute occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was assessed. In part 2 (in vivo) acute LAD occlusion was performed in dogs, and during 2 hours of aortic cross-clamping crystalline cardioplegic solution was infused at 20-minute intervals. In group I the infusion was antegrade, via the aortic root, and in group II it was retrograde, via the coronary sinus. Thereafter the LAD snare was released and the do…
Release of [3H]acetylcholine from the isolated rat or guinea-pig trachea evoked by preganglionic nerve stimulation; a comparison with transmural stim…
1991
Basal and stimulated outflow of radioactive acetylcholine, phosphorylcholine and choline from rat and guinea-pig isolated tracheae were measured by reverse phase HPLC followed by liquid-scintillation-spectrometry. Tracheae were stimulated either by an electrical field (transmural stimulation) or by a local stimulation of the innervating parasympathetic nerves (preganglionic stimulation). Epithelium was removed in most experiments, as the epithelium inhibits acetylcholine release. The basal tritium efflux (1,600 dpm/3min) from rat isolated tracheae incubated with [3H]choline consisted of 56% [3H]phosphorylcholine and 38% [3H]choline. Preganglionic stimulation (15 Hz, 1,200 pulses) caused a 2…
Positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment reduces glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in obstructive sleep apnea patients with concomitant weight loss …
2021
Abstract: Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at increased risk of developing metabolic disease such as diabetes. The effects of positive airway pressure on glycemic control are contradictory. We therefore evaluated the change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in a large cohort of OSA patients after long-term treatment with positive airway pressure. HbA1c levels were assessed in a subsample of the European Sleep Apnea Database [n=1608] at baseline and at long-term follow up with positive airway pressure therapy (mean 378.9 +/- 423.0 days). In a regression analysis, treatment response was controlled for important confounders. Overall, HbA1c decreased from 5.98 +/- 1.01% to 5.93 +/- …
Influence of exclusive resistance training on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight or obese children: a systematic review.
2011
<b><i>Objective: </i></b>Since the last decade, a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has been reported. Low aerobic fitness and a low compliance with endurance sports in such children are theoretical reasons to favor the use of resistance training in intervention studies, even though positive effects of resistance training on morbidity without accompanying dietary modifications are a matter of debate. In this review we summarize the studies that have shown the isolated effect of resistance training on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese children. <b><i>Method: </i><…