Search results for " Productivity"
showing 10 items of 252 documents
Growth and convergence profiles in the Spanish provinces (1965-1997)
2005
. Economic performance in Spanish provinces has led to a considerable improvement in standard of living of their populations. Intense capital accumulation since the 1950s played a key roll in this process. Provincial inequalities may increase or decrease as a result of this growth pattern. This study analyzes the evolution of the disparities by means of distribution dynamics techniques. It explicitly considers economic size of each province and whether spatial spillovers exist. Results indicate that the convergence process has been especially intense for labor productivity, total factor productivity, and capital intensity, while for per capita income the patterns of convergence are less ma…
Diversity of the selected elements of agricultural potential in the European Union countries
2020
Agricultural importance in determining the directions of respective regions results from its production potential. The agricultural potential of a given country is determined by natural resources, ways of using them, natural conditions, workforce resources, technical resources and basic economic conditions. In this paper, only income and rural population are taken under consideration to describe the agricultural potential. Currently, European Union countries are functioning under the assumptions of the Common Agricultural Policy, assuming, among other things, increasing agricultural productivity, ensuring an adequate standard of living for the rural population and stabilising markets. The E…
NEW EU MEMBER COUNTRIES ARE PHASING OUT LABOR-INTENSIVE ACTIVITIES: AN ECONOMETRIC APPROACH
2012
This paper deals with the process of industrial development that has been unfolding in Central and East-European Countries during the last two decades, with special focus on changes in international specialization induced by successive shifts in comparative advantage. As it was to be expected, these advances have gradually improved the respective countries’ exports structure, the most important mutation residing in the gradual abandoning of subcontracting agreements – mostly confined to assembly-of-imported-inputs – and the expansion of the production of knowledge and human capital-intensive goods and services. European integration has most certainly been acting as a catalyst for this proce…
THE NEED FOR THE BALANCE BETWEEN WORK AND PERSONAL LIFE IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC CRISIS AND THE ENHANCE QUALITY OF LIFE
2012
The professional life of the individual in society should become a major goal of the employment policies and strategies, a goal considered science and art. Starting from the Europe`s demographic paradox, it is concluded the need to use at full capacity the human resources of the EU27, by maximizing the efficiency of each individual of the society. Based on criteria of choice a caree and of the satisfaction - productivity report it is detailed the importance of counselling to optimize the relationship skills / utility in the society. In the end, a series of conclusions and suggestions are presented on the current and future way of addressing employment, education, continuous lifelong profess…
The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment and Labor Productivity in the Manufacturing Industry of Vietnam - The Firm-Level Data Evidence
2020
Foreign direct investment (FDI) has become an essential source for the economic growth and development of many developing countries. FDI can deliver financial capital, a strategic way to access the global market, a channel to transfer technology and skills to the host country. Many developing countries pay attention to attracting FDI as an important issue. The first objective of this study is to investigate the determinants of FDI in the manufacturing industry in Vietnam by finding out the differences in characteristics between FDI and local enterprises and then examining the business climate factors which affect the operations of foreign-invested firms. Finding the importance of export and…
Ecological risk assessment of pesticides in the Mijares River (eastern Spain) impacted by citrus production using wide-scope screening and target qua…
2021
The widespread use of pesticides, especially in agricultural areas, makes necessary to control their presence in surrounding surface waters. The current study was designed to investigate the occurrence and ecological risks of pesticides and their transformation products in a Mediterranean river basin impacted by citrus agricultural production. Nineteen sites were monitored in three campaigns distributed over three different seasons. After a qualitative screening, 24 compounds was selected for subsequent quantitative analysis. As expected, the lower section of the river was most contaminated, with total concentration >5 µg/L in two sites near to the discharge area of wastewater treatment pla…
Exploring the sources of labour productivity growth and convergence in the Italian regions: some evidence from a production frontier approach
2009
This paper investigates labour productivity growth and regional convergence patterns in Italy over the time span 1982–2000. Starting from some evidence of spatial polarisation within Italian economy, the analysis aims at exploring the sources of this tendency. To this end, an approach based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) production frontiers is employed which allows to decompose labour productivity growth into efficiency change, technological progress and capital deepening, looking then at the relative contribution of each component to regional convergence. Moreover, some measures of human capital and public capital are used as augmentation factors of the conventional inputs. The study …
Ba/Ca ratios in shells of Arctica islandica —Potential environmental proxy and crossdating tool
2017
Abstract Ba/Ca shell time-series of marine bivalves typically show flat background levels which are interrupted by erratic sharp peaks. Evidence from the literature indicates that background Ba/Ca shell ratios broadly reflect salinity conditions. However, the causes for the Ba/Ca shell peaks are still controversial and widely debated although many researchers link these changes to primary productivity, freshwater input or spawning events. The most striking feature is that the Ba/Ca shell peaks are highly synchronous in contemporaneous specimens from the same population. For the first time, we studied Ba/Ca shell in mature and ontogenetically old (up to 251 year-old) specimens of the long-li…
Which firms benefit from investments in green energy technologies? : The effect of energy costs
2019
Abstract Firms will invest in green energy technologies only if these investments have an economic pay-off. Based on unique firm-level data from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, we find that the marginal effect of investments in green energy technologies on productivity is positive only for the 19% of firms with the highest energy costs. These results have major implications for companies and policy makers regarding the design of green energy policies and incentives.
Which firms benefit from investments in green energy technologies? : The effect of energy costs
2019
Firms will invest in green energy technologies only if these investments have an economic payoff. Based on unique firm-level data from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland, we find that the marginal effect of investments in green energy technologies on productivity is positive only for the 19% of firms with the highest energy costs. These results have major implications for companies and policy makers regarding the design of green energy policies and incentives. peerReviewed