Search results for " Productivity"
showing 10 items of 252 documents
Transport infrastructures, spillover effects and regional growth: evidence of the Spanish case
2005
The impact of transport infrastructures on the economic growth of both regions and sectors, distinguishing among modes of transport, is analysed. An attempt is also made to capture the spillover effects associated with transport infrastructures. Two different methodologies are used: the first adopts an accounting approach based on a regression on indices of total factor productivity; the second uses econometric estimates of the production function. Very similar elasticities are obtained with both methodologies for the private sector of the economy, both for the aggregate capital stock of transport infrastructures and for the various types of infrastructure. However, the disaggregated result…
The resilience of Finnish farms: Exploring the interplay between agency and structure
2020
Resilience implies, in its essence, the capacity of a system to tolerate disturbances while retaining its essential functions. In the context of agriculture, resilience thinking calls for considering the ability of farms to thrive in turbulent times along with the ability of the ecological system – in which the agricultural production is embedded – to retain its function and integrity. Resilience is a relevant conceptual tool to analyse the contradictory management demands that farms are facing within the current neoliberal market regime: being economically viable and environmentally sustainable. In this study, the resilience of farms was operationalised through farmers' perceptions concern…
Biomasse, productivité et transferts de matière organique dans une séquence altitudinale de peuplements de Castanea sativa Mill de l'Etna
1996
Les differents compartiments et flux caracterisant la repartition de la matiere organique sont etudies dans quatre taillis de Castanea sativa Mill, etages le long d'un gradient altitudinal, dans le massif de l'Etna (Sicile). Les biomasses epigees sont respectivement de 22 et de 24 Mg ha -1 a 7 ans, 83 Mg ha -1 a 12 ans et 100 Mg ha -1 a 22 ans, avec de bonnes correlations : biomasse/âge et biomasse/facteurs climatiques. Le bois represente 95 % et les feuilles 5 % de ces biomasses. Les productions aeriennes perennes s'echelonnent entre 2,4 et 5,4 Mg ha -1 an -1 en relation a la fois avec l'âge des taillis et leur localisation geographique. Les retombees de litiere, observees durant 3 annees …
COMPLEMENTARITY BETWEEN LOCAL KNOWLEDGE AND INTERNATIONALIZATION IN REGIONAL TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS
2006
Trade, foreign direct investment, and inter-regional R&D spillovers facilitate competition, the spread of knowledge, and the adoption of more advanced technologies, which in turn hastens total factor productivity (TFP) growth. The spread of these efficiency gains from internationalization requires a sufficient local knowledge to enable them to be adapted to the domestic productive environment. Thus, higher local knowledge and internationalization will lead to TFP growth, and the greater the complementarity between variables the higher the TFP growth. We test the complementarity hypothesis using Spanish regional data over the period 1980–1995 in which both regional local knowledge and intern…
Examining Sources of Farmers’ Knowledge as a Premise Behind Realization of the Smart Village Conception. A Case Study of Opole Region
2019
The aim of the study is to point to the need of doing research on the system of agricultural knowledge and information as a premise behind realization of the conception of smart village in the territorial framework. Accepting the assumption that intelligent agriculture lies at the foundation of transformation of rural areas, the author indicates the role of the system of agricultural knowledge and information in the process of modernization of agricultural holdings. In the article, questionnaire-based survey research was used in relation to the sustainable development of agriculture in Opole Region. In order to assess the level of adaptation of agricultural holdings to economy based on know…
Estimation of recombinant protein production in Pichia pastoris base don a constraint-based model
2012
[EN] A previously validated constraint based model and possibilistic MFA have been used to design a simple estimator of protein production rate in Pichia pastoris cultures. A structured model of the yeast P. pastoris metabolism is used to predict the balance of key energetic equivalents such as ATP from available measurements, mainly substrate consumption, gases exchange rates and biomass specific growth. It has been shown that ATP flux can be related to biomass growth and protein productivity specific rates by linear regression. Cross-validation has been applied for robust parameter fitting on the basis of chemostat, steady-state experimental conditions. In this way, protein estimation can…
Biomass, litterfall and nutrient content in Castanea sativa coppice stands of southern Europe
1996
Les biomasses et les mineralomasses, les retombees de litiere et la restitution au sol de bioelements par leur intermediaire ont ete etudiees dans des peuplements de Castanea sativa Mill en Espagne (province de Salamanque), en Italie (massif de l'Etna) et en France (Cevennes). Les meilleurs correlations et resultats ont ete trouves avec des regressions allometriques de type: Y (biomasse) = aX (diametre tronc a 1,30 m) b . Les parametres des differentes equations de regression sont semblables et tres proches pour les châtaigniers de France et d'Italie. La principale source de differences, au niveau stationnel, resulte de la repartition differente des arbres en fonction des classes de diametr…
Labor Productivity Growth: Disentangling Technology and Capital Accumulation
2014
We adopt a counterfactual approach to decompose labor productivity growth into growth of Technological Productivity (TEP), growth of the capital-labor ratio and growth of Total Factor Productivity (TFP). We bring the decomposition to the data using international countrysectoral information spanning from the 1960s to the 2000s and a nonparametric generalized kernel method, which enables us to estimate the production function allowing for heterogeneity across all relevant dimensions: countries, sectors and time. As well as documenting substantial heterogeneity across countries and sectors, we nd average TEP to account for about 44% of labor productivity growth and TEP gaps with respect to the…
Use of NOAA-AVHRR NDVI data for environmental monitoring and crop forecasting in the Sahel. Preliminary results
1992
Abstract Several studies have shown that the NDVI calculated from NOAA-AVHRR data is related to annual rainfall and primary productivity in Sahelian areas. Such correlations, however, are affected by several environmental factors and have been tested only with data accumulated during rainy seasons, which is not ideal for the prediction of crop yield. In the present study a methodology of NOAA AVHRR data processing is presented which utilizes NDVI computed only in the first part of some rainy seasons and statistically takes into account the geographical variability in land resources and atmospheric conditions. From the first results of the application of the methodology in Niger, its potenti…
Global and time-resolved monitoring of crop photosynthesis with chlorophyll fluorescence
2014
Guanter, Luis et al.