Search results for " Protection."

showing 10 items of 925 documents

Development of an Electrochemical Process for the Simultaneous Treatment of Wastewater and the Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Higher Value Products

2016

Many researchers have shown that selected anodic processes allow effective treatment of a very large amount of wastewater contaminated by pollutants resistant to biological processes. In the meantime, various authors have also shown that carbon dioxide can be converted into higher value products, such as formic acid or synthesis gas, by cathodic reduction at suitable cathodes. These two processes present interesting economic potential that, however, still needs to be improved for further development at an industrial level. Herein, these two kinds of process are combined in the same cell to improve their economic feasibility. In particular, the anodic treatment of wastewater at a boron-doped…

Materials scienceFormic acidwater chemistryInorganic chemistry02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisCathodic protectionCatalysichemistry.chemical_compoundtinElectrolytic processElectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxideprocess design021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPulp and paper industry0104 chemical sciencesAnodecarbon dioxide conversionchemistryWastewaterelectrochemistryCarbon dioxide0210 nano-technologySyngas
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Cut-edge corrosion of a Zn–55Al-coated steel: A comparison between sulphate and chloride solutions

2011

Abstract Ex situ observations and in situ measurements of current and pH distributions over cut-edge coated steels revealed that Zn–55Al coatings are sacrificial only in chloride solutions, because of an activation of both Zn- and Al-rich phases present in the coating. In sulphate solutions, an efficient cathodic protection occurs only for short times of immersion, because only Zn-rich phases are active in this medium. The low solubility and strong acidification induced by Al(OH)SO4 allows only short distance cathodic protection, but cannot prevent red rust precipitation on the steel surface.

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringInorganic chemistryHalideGeneral Chemistryengineering.materialChlorideCorrosionCathodic protectionchemistry.chemical_compoundCoatingchemistrymedicineengineeringGeneral Materials ScienceSolubilitySulfateDissolutionmedicine.drugCorrosion Science
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Role of plastic deformation and microstructure in the micro-electrochemical behaviour of Ti–6Al–4V in sodium chloride solution

2013

Abstract The role of alloying elements and the influence of plastic deformation on the micro-electrochemical behaviour and the pitting corrosion susceptibility of TiAl6V4 have been investigated in 10 g/L NaCl using the electrochemical microcell technique. Local electrochemical measurements have revealed that both the increase of surface roughness and the increase of dislocation density have impact on the electrochemical behaviour of TiAl6V4 after plastic deformation. It has been shown the surface roughness induced by slip band emergence is the predominant parameter responsible for the increase of the cathodic current. It has also been shown that cathodic reactions occur preferentially at su…

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringLüders bandMetallurgyTitanium alloyMicrostructureCorrosionCathodic protectionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryElectrochemistryAluminium oxideSurface roughnessPitting corrosionComposite materialElectrochimica Acta
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In situ investigation of sacrificial behaviour of hot dipped AlSi coating in sulphate and chloride solutions

2013

Abstract The electrochemical behaviour of the cut-edge of hot-dipped aluminium–silicon-based alloy coated steel is studied in immersed conditions in sulphate and in chloride media. Preliminary studies performed on steel-pure Al bi-electrode demonstrate that a significant galvanic current can develop at short times (t

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringMetallurgyAlloyGeneral Chemistryengineering.materialElectrochemistryChlorideCorrosionCoatingengineeringGalvanic cellmedicineGeneral Materials ScienceCurrent (fluid)Anodic protectionmedicine.drugCorrosion Science
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Modeling bimetallic corrosion under thin electrolyte films

2011

A finite element model (FEM) was developed to calculate the potential distribution in the electrolyte in the case of bimetallic corrosion between iron and zinc electrodes, taking into account mass transport of oxygen in the solution. This model was first compared with experimental results obtained by scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) on a galvanized steel cut-edge in immersion conditions in a 0.03 M NaCl electrolyte. A good agreement was obtained between the calculated and experimental current densities. The model predicted the evolution of the galvanic coupling as function of the electrolyte thickness and for various iron–zinc surface area ratios. Different coupling regimes wer…

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringMetallurgyGeneral ChemistryElectrolyteConductivityGalvanizationCathodic protectionCorrosionsymbols.namesakeElectrodesymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceThin filmComposite materialBimetallic stripCorrosion Science
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Protective mechanisms occurring on zinc coated steel cut-edges in immersion conditions

2011

Abstract Electrochemical processes occurring on the cut-edge of a galvanized steel immersed in NaCl solutions were studied using numerical simulations, and in situ current and pH profiles measured over the cut-edge. These results clearly demonstrate that only the steel surface remote from the zinc coating is cathodically active, oxygen reduction being strongly inhibited in the vicinity of zinc. This trend was confirmed by local polarization curves recorded on these distinct areas. Ex-situ AES and SEM analysis and cathodic polarization curves in solutions containing Zn 2+ ions led to conclude that this cathodic inhibition was related to the fast nucleation of a dense Zn(OH) 2 film on the ste…

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringMetallurgyInorganic chemistryNucleationchemistry.chemical_elementZincElectrochemistryGalvanizationAnodeCorrosionCathodic protectionsymbols.namesakechemistryElectrochemistrysymbolsPolarization (electrochemistry)Electrochimica Acta
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Investigation of self-healing mechanism on galvanized steels cut edges by coupling SVET and numerical modeling

2008

Local cathodic inhibition has been observed on the cut-edge of galvanized steel immersed in 0.03 M NaCl solution using the scanning vibrating electrode technique. The current distribution results indicate that cathodic inhibition occurs in a limited spatial zone located between the cathodic sites on the steel and the anodic sites on the exposed zinc surface. The experimental current distributions are compared with the results of numerical simulations that show the specific diagnostic features for the detection of cathodic inhibition from scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) data so as to distinguish the zero current regions from experimental artifacts due to the lateral resolution …

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringMetallurgyOxidechemistry.chemical_elementZincGalvanizationAnodeCathodic protectionchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakechemistrySelf-healingElectrochemistrysymbolsCoupling (piping)Composite materialCurrent (fluid)Electrochimica Acta
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Influence of plastic deformation on the microstructure and corrosion behaviour of Ti–10Mo–4Zr and Ti–6Al–4V alloys in the Ringer’s solution at 37°C

2015

Abstract The influence of plastic deformation on the microstructure and passivity of Ti–6Al–4V and Ti–10Mo–4Zr is studied. The content of titanium-based compounds in the passive film formed on the alloys increases under straining. In the region where necking occurs, the β-phase content drops in Ti–6Al–4V. The grain orientation spread increases with increasing strain. The quality index of EBSD maps is affected on Ti–10Mo–4Zr (dislocation structures along preferential orientations). The corrosion behaviour is investigated in the Ringer’s solution (37 °C). Results obtained in the anodic and cathodic domains are discussed considering changes described previously.

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringMetallurgychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryMicrostructureCorrosionCathodic protectionchemistryGeneral Materials ScienceRinger's solutionDislocationNeckingElectron backscatter diffractionTitaniumCorrosion Science
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Mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour after scratch and tribological tests of electrodeposited Co-Mo/TiO2 nano-composite coatings

2019

International audience; The micro-mechanical (Young’s modulus and hardness) and tribological properties, as well as the scratch resistance of Co-Mo/TiO2 nano-composite coatings were investigated. The coating was found to be harder and stiffer than the substrate (pure cobalt). Low residual stresses were also derived from Stoney’s equation (type I stress). The corrosion behaviour after tribological and scratch tests was studied in Ringer’s solution. Dry sliding of the coating against an alumina ball at the load of 1 N or 2 N over the same distance had nearly no influence onthe anodic branch of the polarisation curves. By contrast, the current density in the cathodic branch (oxygen reduction r…

Materials scienceGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCathodic protectionCorrosionCoatingResidual stressComposite materialcomputer.programming_language[PHYS.MECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]Surfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryTribology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsAnodeScratchengineering0210 nano-technologyCurrent densitycomputerApplied Surface Science
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Pulsed laser cleaning of oxidized metallic surfaces in electrochemically controlled liquid confinement

1997

Pulsed laser cleaning of oxidized metallic surfaces is studied. To our knowledge, for the first time, it has been demonstrated that the application of pulsed laser irradiation in a liquid confinement at controlled electrochemical potential enhances the oxide film removal from metal surfaces. Systematic studies on simulated corrosion product films using optical reflectance profile, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and piezoelectric transducer measurements, have revealed that efficient oxide film removal by laser irradiation is achieved if a basic electrolyte solution is used and a cathodic potential is imposed. The advantages of this novel technique against laser irradiation in air are …

Materials scienceHydrogenbusiness.industryOxideAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryElectrolyteCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCathodic protectionCorrosionlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawMaterials ChemistryOptoelectronicsIrradiationbusinessElectrochemical potentialSurface and Coatings Technology
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