Search results for " Quantum"

showing 10 items of 3215 documents

Theoretical study of photoinduced ring-isomerization in the 1,2,4-oxadiazole series

2004

Abstract A theoretical study of photoinduced ring-isomerization of 3-amino-5-methyl- and 3-amino-5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles is reported. The results well agree with the reported experimental data: in particular, they explain the ring-photoisomerization into the corresponding 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles through a ring contraction-ring expansion route; moreover, the occurrence of competing pathways involving both the ring contraction and the internal cyclization–isomerization mechanism during irradiation of the 5-alkyl substituted substrates in the presence of a base has been also substantiated.

Ab initio calculationPhotoisomerizationPhotochemistryChemistryHeterocycleOrganic ChemistryOxadiazoleSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaPhotochemistryBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPhotoisomerizationDrug Discovery124-OxadiazoleIsomerizationTetrahedron
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Low temperature rate coefficients of the H + CH+ → C+ + H2 reaction: New potential energy surface and time-independent quantum scattering

2015

The observed abundances of the methylidyne cation, CH(+), in diffuse molecular clouds can be two orders of magnitude higher than the prediction of the standard gas-phase models which, in turn, predict rather well the abundances of neutral CH. It is therefore necessary to investigate all the possible formation and destruction processes of CH(+) in the interstellar medium with the most abundant species H, H2, and e(-). In this work, we address the destruction process of CH(+) by hydrogen abstraction. We report a new calculation of the low temperature rate coefficients for the abstraction reaction, using accurate time-independent quantum scattering and a new high-level ab initio global potenti…

Ab initio quantum chemistry methodsChemistryScatteringPotential energy surfaceThermochemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsReactivity (chemistry)Scattering theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsPotential energyThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Size-consistent ab initio calculation of the electric quadrupole moment of Cl2

2003

Abstract The molecular electric quadrupole moment ( Θ ) of Cl 2 has been calculated using SDCI, and (SC) 2 -SDCI wave functions as well as CCSD, CCSD(T), and CC3 methods. All these correlation methods are single reference. All of them, but SDCI, are free of the size-extensivity error. The variation of Θ from the separated atoms to the equilibrium region is reported. The present results leads to an estimated value of 2.3520 a.u. (10.55 × 10 −40 Cm 2 ) corresponding to a CC(3) calculation at the CBS approach and including the ro-vibrational and thermal averaging corrections. This value is compatible with two experimental values and points to one of them as slightly more reliable.

Ab initio quantum chemistry methodsChemistryThermalQuadrupoleAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyCorrelation methodPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsWave functionBond-dissociation energyDiatomic moleculeChemical Physics Letters
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Semi-Empirical Calculations of Hole Polarons in MgO and KNbO3 Crystals

1998

The semi-empirical quantum chemical INDO method has been used for cluster and large unit cell calculations of hole polarons bound to a cation vacancy in highly ionic MgO and partly covalent perovskite KNbO 3 . In both cases a hole is well localized on an oxygen atom displaced towards the vacancy. The calculated optical and thermal ionization energies for V - and V 0 centers are in excellent agreement with experimental data for MgO. In KNbO 3 we predict the existence of one-site and two-site (molecular) polarons with close absorption energies (1 e V). The relevant experimental data are discussed.

Ab initio quantum chemistry methodsChemistryVacancy defectBound stateIonic bondingThermal ionizationIonization energyAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsPolaronElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPerovskite (structure)physica status solidi (b)
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Asymptotic potentials and rate constants in the adiabatic capture centrifugal sudden approximation for X + OH(X-2 Pi) -> OX + H(S-2) reactions where …

2012

International audience; New long-range multipolar coefficients for the X + OH(X-2 Pi) interactions, where X = O(P-3), S(P-3) and N(S-4), are given here. They have been evaluated on the basis or monomer properties of the atoms and OH such as the dipole and quadrupole moments, and the static and dynamic polarizabilities. Each matrix element of the 18 x 18 (8 x 8 for N + OH) quasi-degenerate asymptotic potentials has been built up by means of the perturbation theory up to second order including or not the fine-structure of O, S and OH. The adiabatic potentials, obtained after diagonalization of the full matrix, show many crossings and complex behaviors near the asymptotes. Using the entrance c…

Ab initio010402 general chemistryKinetic energy7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesBiochemistryDIPOLE POLARIZABILITIESATOMSAb initio quantum chemistry methodsLOW-TEMPERATUREOH RADICALS0103 physical sciencesCOUPLED-CLUSTER CALCULATIONSPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPerturbation theoryAdiabatic processKINETICS010304 chemical physicsChemistryRANGECondensed Matter PhysicsPotential energy0104 chemical sciencesQUADRUPOLE-MOMENTSO-2[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]QuadrupoleCLAtomic physicsGround state
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Study of the electronic and atomic structure of thermally treated SrTiO3(110) surfaces

2003

The electronic structure of heated SrTiO3(110) surfaces was investigated with metastable impact electron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (He(I). Scanning tunnelling microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to study the topology of the surface. The crystals were heated up to 1000 °C under reducing conditions in ultrahigh vacuum or under oxidizing conditions in synthetic air for 1 h, respectively. Under both conditions microfacetting of the surface is observed. The experimental results are compared with ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations, also presented here, carried out for both ideal and reconstructed SrTiO 3(110) surfaces. The results give direct evid…

Ab initioAnalytical chemistrySurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectron spectroscopySurfaces Coatings and Filmslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodslawMicroscopyMaterials ChemistryStrontium titanateAtomic physicsScanning tunneling microscopeUltraviolet photoelectron spectroscopySurface and Interface Analysis
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Theoretical study of the NH tautomerism in free base porphyrin

1997

Abstract The NH tautomerism of free base porphyrin is investigated at the semiempirical spin-unrestricted AM1 (UAM1) and ab initio RHF/3-21G levels. The UAM1 method provides delocalized geometries for all stationary structures without imposing any symmetry constraint. RHF/3-21G geometry optimizations have to be performed under symmetry restrictions to ensure that realistic delocalized structures are obtained. Both the semiempirical and the ab initio calculations predict that the interconversion between trans tautomers proceeds in an asynchronous two-step process via intermediate cis tautomers. The cis tautomers are characterized as minima in the potential energy surface and are 8–10 kcal m…

Ab initioFree baseActivation energyCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryPorphyrinTautomerchemistry.chemical_compoundDelocalized electronchemistryComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPotential energy surfacePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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InBO3 and ScBO3 at high pressures: an ab initio study of elastic and thermodynamic properties

2016

We have theoretically investigated the elastic properties of calcite-type orthoborates ABO(3) (A= Sc and In) at high pressure by means of ab initio total-energy calculations. From the elastic stiffness coefficients, we have obtained the elastic moduli (B, G and E), Poisson's ratio (nu), B/G ratio, universal elastic anisotropy index (A(U)), Vickers hardness, and sound wave velocities for both orthoborates. Our simulations show that both borates are more resistive to volume compression than to shear deformation (B > G). Both compounds are ductile and become more ductile, with an increasing elastic anisotropy, as pressure increases. We have also calculated some thermodynamic properties, like D…

Ab initioMechanical properties02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeThermal conductivityAb initio quantum chemistry methodslaw0103 physical sciencesmedicineGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsElastic modulusDebye modelPhysicsCondensed matter physicsStiffnessOxidesGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsHigh pressureSemiconductorsFISICA APLICADAVickers hardness testsymbolsAb initio calculationsHydrostatic equilibriummedicine.symptom0210 nano-technology
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The Coordination of Uranyl in Water: A Combined Quantum Chemical and Molecular Simulation Study

2005

The coordination environment of uranyl in water has been studied using a combined quantum mechanical and molecular dynamics approach. Multiconfigurational wave function calculations have been performed to generate pair potentials between uranyl and water. The quantum chemically determined energies have been used to fit parameters in a polarizable force field with an added charge transfer term. Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed for the uranyl ion and up to 400 water molecules. The results show a uranyl ion with five water molecules coordinated in the equatorial plane. The U-O(H(2)O) distance is 2.40 A, which is close to the experimental estimates. A second coordination shell…

Ab initioMolecular simulationBiochemistryCatalysisIonMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryComputer SimulationPhysics::Chemical PhysicsQuantum chemicalHydrogen bondSolvationWaterGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineUranylSolvation shellchemistryModels ChemicalChemical physicsddc:540Quantum TheoryUranium
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Crystal structure of sinhalite MgAlBO4 under high pressure

2015

We report on high-pressure angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction data up to 27 GPa for natural MgAlBO4 sinhalite mineral and ab initio total energy calculations. The experimental bulk modulus of sinhalite is B-0 = 171(3) GPa with a first-pressure derivative of B-0' = 4.2(3). A comparison with other olivine-type compounds shows that the value for B0 is 27% larger than that of Mg2SiO4 forsterite and 29% smaller than that of Al2BeO4 chrysoberyl. These differences are interpreted, on the basis of our ab initio calculations, in terms of the relative incompressibility of Al-O bonds in AlO6 octahedra (with a calculated bulk modulus of 250(1) GPa) as compared to Mg-O bonds in MgO6 octahedra (with a ca…

Ab initioSpinelSingle-crystalengineering.materialAb initio quantum chemistry methodsCationsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBulk modulusChrysoberylOlivineCompressionOxidesForsteriteGPASurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyChemistryGeneral EnergyPowder diffractionAugmented-wave methodFISICA APLICADAengineeringOrthorhombic crystal systemSingle crystalPowder diffraction
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