Search results for " RAD"

showing 10 items of 7082 documents

Improved measurement of $^8$B solar neutrinos with $1.5  kt·y$ of Borexino exposure

2017

We report on an improved measurement of the $^8$B solar neutrino interaction rate with the Borexino experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Neutrinos are detected via their elastic scattering on electrons in a large volume of liquid scintillator. The measured rate of scattered electrons above 3 MeV of energy is $0.223\substack{+0.015 \\ -0.016}\,(stat)\,\substack{+0.006 \\ -0.006}\,(syst)$ cpd/100 t, which corresponds to an observed solar neutrino flux assuming no neutrino flavor conversion of $\Phi\substack{\rm ES \\ ^8\rm B}=2.57\substack{+0.17 \\ -0.18}(stat)\substack{+0.07\\ -0.07}(syst)\times$10$^6$ cm$^{-2}\,$s$^{-1}$. This measurement exploits the active volume of the …

model: solarneutrino: solarPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsscintillation counter: liquidFOS: Physical sciencesneutrino: fluxHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)cosmic raysS067HPT[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Experiments in gravityNuclear ExperimentSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)neutrino: interactionMSW effectcosmic radiation: energy spectrumscintillation counter: targetS067SESneutrino electron: elastic scatteringGran SassoAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsneutrino: flavorHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentBorexino[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]cosmologyboron: semileptonic decayexperimental results
researchProduct

Modelización de riesgos climáticos y sistemas de vigilancia y alerta en la Comunitat Valenciana

2013

El primer objetivo de esta Tesis está relacionado con el desarrollo e implementación de diferentes sistemas de vigilancia y alerta para el territorio de la Comunitat Valenciana: un sistema de predicción meteorológica en tiempo real basado en el modelo atmosférico de mesoescala Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) y un sistema de previsión del Índice UV (UVI), basado en el modelo Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART). Además, se propone una metodología que proporciona un entorno computacional adecuado para la administración y coordinación de los diferentes procesos implicados en ambos sistemas de vigilancia. La principal mejora de la predicción UVI es la utiliza…

modelización numéricaoperational forecastingclimate risk:MATEMÁTICAS::Ciencia de los ordenadores [UNESCO]:CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO::Meteorología [UNESCO]UNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO::Meteorologíaprogramming languagesUNESCO::MATEMÁTICAS::Ciencia de los ordenadoresconvective parameterization schemesUV IndexSBDART modelparametrización convectivaUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO::Climatología:CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO::Ciencias de la atmósfera [UNESCO]monitorización de procesosradiación eritemáticameteorología mesoscalar:CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO::Climatología [UNESCO]erythemal radiationmesoscale modelingheavy rain eventsnumerical modelingnatural hazardssistemas de vigilancia y alertaRAMS modelprecipitaciones intensasriesgos climáticosflash floodUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA Y DEL ESPACIO::Ciencias de la atmósfera
researchProduct

Multi-resolution anisotropy studies of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory

2017

We report a multi-resolution search for anisotropies in the arrival directions of cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory with local zenith angles up to $80^\circ$ and energies in excess of 4 EeV ($4 \times 10^{18}$ eV). This search is conducted by measuring the angular power spectrum and performing a needlet wavelet analysis in two independent energy ranges. Both analyses are complementary since the angular power spectrum achieves a better performance in identifying large-scale patterns while the needlet wavelet analysis, considering the parameters used in this work, presents a higher efficiency in detecting smaller-scale anisotropies, potentially providing directional informa…

moment: dipoleAstronomy[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic ray experiments; ultra high energy cosmic rays; Astronomy and AstrophysicsCosmic rayanisotropyultra high energy cosmic raysSURFACE DETECTOR01 natural sciencesLARGE-SCALE DISTRIBUTIONwaveletSEARCH0103 physical sciencesARRIVAL DIRECTIONSHigh Energy Physicscosmic radiation: UHEAnisotropy010303 astronomy & astrophysicsZenithHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Pierre Auger ObservatoryPhysicsSPECTRUM010308 nuclear & particles physicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleSpectral densityAstronomy and AstrophysicsEEVASTROFÍSICAComputational physicsAugerCosmic ray experiments; ultra high energy cosmic raysobservatoryDipolecosmic ray experiments ultra high energy cosmic raysRESOLUTIONMoment (physics)Experimental High Energy PhysicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGpower spectrum: angular dependenceARRAYcosmic ray experimentsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Energy (signal processing)
researchProduct

An Emulator Toolbox to Approximate Radiative Transfer Models with Statistical Learning

2015

Physically-based radiative transfer models (RTMs) help in understanding the processes occurring on the Earth’s surface and their interactions with vegetation and atmosphere. When it comes to studying vegetation properties, RTMs allows us to study light interception by plant canopies and are used in the retrieval of biophysical variables through model inversion. However, advanced RTMs can take a long computational time, which makes them unfeasible in many real applications. To overcome this problem, it has been proposed to substitute RTMs through so-called emulators. Emulators are statistical models that approximate the functioning of RTMs. Emulators are advantageous in real practice because…

multi-outputComputer scienceradiative transfer modelsScienceExtrapolationemulatorMachine learningcomputer.software_genreemulator; machine learning; radiative transfer models; multi-output; ARTMO; GUI toolbox; FLEX; fluorescenceAtmosphereARTMOPartial least squares regressionRadiative transferMATLABcomputer.programming_languageArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryQStatistical modelVegetationToolboxFLEXmachine learningPrincipal component analysisGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesfluorescenceArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmcomputerGUI toolboxRemote Sensing
researchProduct

Design and implementation of the AMIGA embedded system for data acquisition

2021

The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong commitment and effort from the technical and admin-istrative staff in Malargtie. We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comision Nacional de Energla Atomica, Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientffica y Tec-nologica (ANPCyT) , Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientfficas y Tecnicas (CONICET) , Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargtie, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Leilas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina; the Australian Research Council; Conselho…

muon: showersDetector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems architecture hardware algorithms databases)Physics::Instrumentation and Detectorsdata acquisitionAstronomycosmic radiation: electromagnetic componentengineeringprimary [cosmic radiation]Particle detectors01 natural sciencesenergy: thresholdData acquisition concepthardwareInstrumentationMathematical Physicsshowers [muon]media_commonHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)astro-ph.HEControl and monitor systems onlinePhysicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsthreshold [energy]16. Peace & justiceAugerelectromagnetic component [cosmic radiation]observatoryDetector control systems (detector andexperiment monitoring and slow-control systemslanguageupgradeAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenadatabases)atmosphere [showers]Land accessarchitectureEuropean communityairAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesalgorithmsPolitical science0103 physical sciencesmedia_common.cataloged_instanceddc:530High Energy Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]ddc:610Control and monitor systems online; Data acquisition concepts; Detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems architecture hardware algorithms databases); Particle detectorsEuropean union010306 general physicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Ciencias Exactasscintillation countershowers: atmosphere010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systemsData acquisition conceptsFísicastabilitylanguage.human_languagecosmic radiation: primarymonitoringResearch councilExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentControl and monitor systems on-linePortuguese[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]HumanitiesRAIOS CÓSMICOSastro-ph.IM
researchProduct

Calibration of the underground muon detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

2021

To obtain direct measurements of the muon content of extensive air showers with energy above $10^{16.5}$ eV, the Pierre Auger Observatory is currently being equipped with an underground muon detector (UMD), consisting of 219 10 $\mathrm{m^2}$-modules, each segmented into 64 scintillators coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Direct access to the shower muon content allows for the study of both of the composition of primary cosmic rays and of high-energy hadronic interactions in the forward direction. As the muon density can vary between tens of muons per m$^2$ close to the intersection of the shower axis with the ground to much less than one per m$^2$ when far away, the necessary bro…

muon: showersdata acquisitionPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstronomyDetector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sources particle-beams)primary [cosmic radiation]Particle detectors7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesEtc)030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0302 clinical medicinecalibration [detector]ObservatoryAPDsdetector: calibrationatmosphere [muon]InstrumentationPhoton detectors for UVshowers [muon]Mathematical PhysicsPhoton detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDsSi-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc)Particle-beams)Physicsenergy: highdetector [muon]EBCCDsPhysicselectronicsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentalePhoton detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDs Si-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsSourcesSi-PMTsdetector: alignmentAugermuon: atmosphereobservatorydensity [muon]G-APDshigh [energy]Particle detectorAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsatmosphere [showers]Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sourcesparticle-beams)FOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayScintillatorParticle detectorVisible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes03 medical and health sciencesOpticsSilicon photomultipliermuon: density0103 physical sciencesCalibrationddc:530photomultiplier: silicon[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]ddc:610High Energy PhysicsCMOS imagersInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)scintillation counterParticle detectors; Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sources particle-beams); Photon detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDs Si-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc); Performance of High Energy Physics DetectorsPierre Auger ObservatoryMuonshowers: atmosphere010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industrymuon: detectorCCDscosmic radiation: primaryDetector alignment and calibration methods (lasersEMCCDsanalog-to-digital converterAPDs; CCDs; CMOS imagers; Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers; EBCCDs; EMCCDs; Etc); G-APDs; Particle detectors; Particle-beams); Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors; Photon detectors for UV; Si-PMTs; Sources; Visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodesExperimental High Energy Physicssilicon [photomultiplier]Performance of High Energy Physics DetectorsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentphoton: detectorbusinessalignment [detector]RAIOS CÓSMICOSdetector [photon]astro-ph.IM
researchProduct

The migration of femoral components after total hip replacement surgery: accuracy and precision of software-aided measurements.

2003

To assess the accuracy and precision of a software-aided system to measure migration of femoral components after total hip replacement (THR) on digitised radiographs.Subsidence and varus-valgus tilt of THR stems within the femur were measured on digitised anteroposterior pelvic radiographs. The measuring software (UMA, GEMED, Germany) relies on bony landmarks and comparability parameters of two consecutive radiographs. Its accuracy and precision were calculated by comparing it with the gold standard in migration measurements, radiostereometric analysis (RSA). Radiographs and corresponding RSA measurements were performed in 60 patients (38-69 years) following cementless THR surgery.The UMA s…

musculoskeletal diseasesAdultMaleAccuracy and precisionmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentRadiographyArthroplasty Replacement HipProsthesisRadiostereometric AnalysisForeign-Body MigrationmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingFemurFemurDigital radiographyAgedOrthodonticsReproducibilitybusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsMiddle Agedmusculoskeletal systemSurgeryProsthesis FailureRadiographic Image EnhancementOrthopedic surgeryFemaleHip ProsthesisbusinessSkeletal radiology
researchProduct

Hoffa’s fat pad thickness: a measurement method with sagittal MRI sequences

2021

Abstract Background Hoffa’s fat pad is a structure located within the fibrous joint capsule of the knee joint, but outside the synovial cavity. It plays an important biomechanical and metabolic role in knee joint, reducing the impact of forces generated by loading and producing cytokines. Changes in its size can induce modifications in the knee homeostasis. However, a great variability exists regarding its measurements. This work aims to evaluate the reliability of a measurement method of Hoffa’s fat pad dimensions through MRI. Methods 3T sagittal IW 2D TSE fat-suppressed MRI sequences, taken from the OAI (Osteoarthritis initiative) database, of 191 male and female patients, aged between 40…

musculoskeletal diseasesAdultMaleKnee JointOsteoarthritisKnee JointHoffa’s fat padFat pad030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProspective StudiesNeuroradiologyAged030203 arthritis & rheumatologyAged 80 and overMeasurement methodInfrapatellar fat padbusiness.industryHofa’s fat pad · Infrapatellar fat pad · Knee joint · OAI · MRIUltrasoundReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineOAIMiddle AgedOsteoarthritis Kneemedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingSagittal planemedicine.anatomical_structureAdipose TissueMusculoskeletal RadiologyInfrapatellar fat padFemalebusinessNuclear medicineMRIFollow-Up Studies
researchProduct

Dairy calcium intake and lifestyle risk factors for bone loss in hiv-infected and uninfected mediterranean subjects

2012

Abstract Background Despite the reported high prevalence of osteoporosis in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-population, there have been no previous studies examining dairy calcium intake and bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV-subjects. We assessed the prevalence of low BMD in HIV-infected and uninfected subjects and analyzed the effects of calcium intake, lifestyle and HIV-related risk factors on BMD. Methods One hundred and twelve HIV-infected subjects were consecutively enrolled. Seventy- six HIV-uninfected subjects matched for age and sex were enrolled as the control group. The HIV-subjects were interviewed about lifestyle habits and completed a weekly food-frequency questionnaire …

musculoskeletal diseasesAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyFRAXSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaBone densitySettore MED/17 - Malattie InfettiveOsteoporosisHIV Infectionslcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseasesBone remodelingAbsorptiometry PhotonBone DensityRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesInternal medicineVitamin D and neurologyBone mineral densityHumansMedicinelcsh:RC109-216Life StyleBone mineralMediterranean Regionbusiness.industryOsteopeniaCase-control studyOsteoporosiHIVMiddle AgedDairy intakemedicine.diseaseDietOsteopeniaInfectious DiseasesEndocrinologyCase-Control StudiesOsteoporosisCalciumFemalebusinessSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaResearch Article
researchProduct

Reduction rate by decompression as a treatment of odontogenic cysts

2017

Background: Odontogenic cysts are defined as those cysts that arise from odontogenic epithelium and occur in the tooth-bearing regions of the jaws. Cystectomy, marsupialization or decompression of odontogenic cyst are treatment approach to this pathology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the decompression as the primary treatment of the cystic lesions of the jaws and them reduction rates involving different factors. Material and Methods: 23 patients with odontogenic cysts of the jaws, previously diagnosed by anatomical histopathology (follicular cysts (7) and radicular cysts (16)) underwent decompression as an initial treatment. Clinical examination and pre and pos…

musculoskeletal diseasesAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPanoramic radiographDecompressionmedicine.medical_treatmentLesion03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOdontogenic cystmedicineHumansGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASRetrospective StudiesFollicular Cystbusiness.industryResearch030206 dentistrymedicine.diseaseMarsupializationDecompression Surgicalstomatognathic diseasesCysts of the jawsTreatment OutcomeOtorhinolaryngology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMaxillaOdontogenic CystsSurgeryFemaleRadiologymedicine.symptomOral Surgerybusiness
researchProduct